Scope of Pharmacy Lecture 2 PDF

 Dosage Form Final physical form in which the medicine is dispensed to facilitate drug administration or use. Examples: Tablets injections Liquid dosage forms capsules suppositories Creams and ointments  Dosage Form Final physica...

 Dosage Form Final physical form in which the medicine is dispensed to facilitate drug administration or use. Examples: Tablets injections Liquid dosage forms capsules suppositories Creams and ointments  Dosage Form Final physical form in which the medicine is dispensed to the patient In order to facilitate drug administration or use. Dosage form = Drug(s) [Active ingredient(s)] + Excipients [Inactive ingredient: a material has no therapeutic activity but used to facilitate drug formulation] DRUG PRODUCT (medicine) Medicine formulated in a dosage form  Drug Different (Active constituent having sources pharmacological effect) Digitalis plant Digoxin Packed, labeled & dispensed to the manufacturing company (Pure active ingredient) Pharmaceutical manufacturing company ( Glaxo Smith Kline Co. )  add excipients to form dosage forms Lanoxin ® Drug product tablets, elixir & ampoules In different Dosage Forms  Lanoxin® Tablets: Containing 0.25 mg digoxin/tablet To be taken two tablets once daily after meal Dosage form Final physical form in which the Dosage form: medicine is dispensed to the patient in Tablets order to facilitate drug administration or use  Lanoxin® Tablets: Containing 0.25 mg digoxin/tablet To be taken two tablets once daily after meal Strength The amount or concentration of the drug Strength: (active ingredient) in each dosage form 0.25 mg/tablet (e.g. each tablet or each capsule) Dose Amount of active ingredient the patient Dose: takes each time Two tablets = 2 X 0.25 = 0.5 mg Dose regimen The frequency of administration of the dose. Dose regimen: (how many times and when the patient will take two tablets Once the medication during one day) daily  Dosage form Strength: Panadol® Tablets: Dose: Containing 500 mg Paracetamol To be taken two tablets every 8 hours Dose regimen: NOMENCLATURE OF DRUGS H CHEMICAL NAME HO N CO CH3 The chemical name of the active material using IUPAC system. N- acetyl para- aminophenol It describes The Chemical Structure of the drug molecule. Given By Organic Chemists that originally discovered the drug molecule official NAME (GENERIC NAME) Official name in the pharmacopoeia Paracetamol: BP Given by highly specialized persons Acetaminophen: USP BRAND product ( brand name) First name given to the drug when Panadol ®: by Glaxo marketed for the first time in the market Given By The Innovator ( the company that first discovered and produced the drug) = Patented Name® generic product When other manufacturers start to CetalTM : by EIPICO produce the drug they give it ParamolTM: by Misr Co. different marketing names. PyralTM : by El Kahira Co. = Trade nameTM in the market How do we name drugs? analgesic compound : O OH NH C CH3 Chemical name :N- acetyl- para- aminophenol Official name or Generic name: B.P. 1998: paracetamol. USP XXII: acetaminophen. Brand name : Panadol (GSK) Generic Product (Trade name): Paramol (Misr) Pyral (Kahira), Cetal (Eipico) - 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0]-oct-2-ene-2 -carboxylic acid, 7-[(aminophenylacetyl)amino]-3- ethyl-8-oxo-, monohydrate Cephalexin Official name Chemical Chemical Name Official Brand Structure Name Name N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) Paracetamol Panadol acetamide 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1- Diazepam Valium methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4- benzodiazepin-2-one 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0]-oct- Cephalexin Keflex 2-ene-2 carboxylic acid, 7- [(aminophenylacetyl)amino]- 3- ethyl-8-oxo-, monohydrate N''-cyano-N-methyl-N'-[2-[[(5- Cimetidine Tagamet methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) methyl]thio]ethyl]guanidine 13  Conclusion: CHEMICAL NAME H HO N CO CH3 the name that describe the chemical structure of the drug N- acetyl para- aminophenol molecule Given by organic chemists or official name ( generic name): Paracetamol: BP Official name in the pharmacopoeia Given by highly specialized persons Acetaminophen: USP  Conclusion: BAND NAME First name given to the drug in the market, Given By The Innovator (first producer) Panadol ®: by Glaxo GENERIC product When other manufacturers start to CetalTM : by EIPICO produce the drug they give it ParamolTM: by Misr Co. different marketing names. PyralTM : by El Kahira Co. = Trade nameTM in the market Storage conditions The conditions specified for storing the product e.g. Temperature Humidity Container Light Expiration date (shelf-life) The date (placed on the container) through which the product is expected to remain within specifications. It is the time at which 90% of the material remains active and stable  Trade name of drug Drug Photo Trade Official Uses Strength Dose Dose Storage Name Name Regimen conditions OR And/ Or Brand chemical Name name Assignment 1  Mucosolvan Trade Official name Uses Strength Dose Dose Storage Name or or Generic Regimen conditions Brand name Name and Chemical Name Mucosol Ambroxolhydr Mucosolve 30 mg 1 tab 2 times Store below van ochloride nt for daily 30C cough trans - 4 - (2-amino-3, 5- dibromobenzyl amino) cyclohexanol hydrochloride