Human Anatomy Lecture 1 PDF

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Human Anatomy Alexandro Sanchez, MS  Introduction ▣ Structure determines function ▣ Human body structures: cells, organs, bones, muscles, etc. ▣ Microscopic anatomy ▣ Gross Anatomy Other Perspectives on Anatomy ▣ Developmental an...

CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Human Anatomy Alexandro Sanchez, MS  Introduction ▣ Structure determines function ▣ Human body structures: cells, organs, bones, muscles, etc. ▣ Microscopic anatomy ▣ Gross Anatomy Other Perspectives on Anatomy ▣ Developmental anatomy ▣ Embryology ▣ Comparative anatomy ▣ Medical anatomy ▣ Radiographic anatomy ▣ Surgical anatomy Levels of Organization: CCTOSO Chemicals Tissues Cells Organs Organism Systems  Organ Systems ▣ Responsiveness ▣ Metabolism (irritability) ◼ Anabolism ◼ Catabolism ▣ Adaptability ▣ Absorption ▣ Growth ▣ Respiration ▣ Differentiation ▣ Excretion ▣ Reproduction ▣ Digestion ▣ Movement CHAPTER 2 Cell Anatomy Alexandro Sanchez, MS  Cell Theory ▣ Smallest structural unit that performs all vital functions ▣ Produced by division of pre-existing cells ▣ Building blocks of all animals and plants ❑ Cells can be divided into the following categories Sex cells/somatic cells Animal cells/Plant cells “Regular”/embryonic/stem cell ❑ Can be studied Light microscopy Transmission electron Scanning electron Cell Anatomy Figure 2.4 Cell Membrane Figure 2.5  Passive Process ❖ Diffusion ❖ Osmosis ❖ Facilitated Diffusion Figure 2.6  Active Process ▣ Pinocytosis ▣ Phagocytosis ▣ Receptor-mediated Endocytosis  Intercellular Attachment Tight Junctions Gap Junctions Desmosomes Hemidesmosome Figure 2.18 The Cell Life Cycle Figure 2.19