Lecture 1: Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation

Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Physics University of the Philippines Los Baños Lecture 1: Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation APHY 191 IR Colambo Synchrotron SOLEIL - particle (electron) accelerator that pro...

Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Physics University of the Philippines Los Baños Lecture 1: Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation APHY 191 IR Colambo Synchrotron SOLEIL - particle (electron) accelerator that produces the synchrotron radiation, an extremely powerful light that permits exploration of matter. Funding/Members 1. CNRS (Le Centre national de la recherche scientifique/French National Centre for Scientific Research) 2. CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives/French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission  What is synchrotron radiation?  Synchrotron radiation is electromagnetic radiation emitted when charged particles—in this case, electrons—are accelerated radially using magnetic fields.  Magnet configurations include simple bending magnets or arrays of magnets called undulators and wigglers. APHY 191 IR Colambo How is synchrotron radiation produced? Electron Storage Ring Booster Synchrotron Linac Insertion Device Beamlines & Instruments SOLEIL Beamlines 43 Beamlines! SOLEIL (29 Beamlines) X-ray microfluorescence spectroscopy (µXRF) X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) Fourier transform infrared amyloid-beta plaques microspectroscopy (µFTIR) “Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon” (CRNL) and the “Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine” group (STROBE, Grenoble) SOLEIL (29 Beamlines) HgTe nanocrystals X-ray scanning photoemission microscopy (SPEM) Sorbonne University and SME New Imaging Technologies SOLEIL (29 Beamlines) South Korea’s Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR) at Sorbonne Université ultrafine stepped Cu surface reacts with CO2 Near ambient pressure XPS (NAP-XPS)  Properties of Synchrotron Radiation Increase of a factor 1000 1. High Intensity every 10 years!!! 2. Continuous Spectrum 3. Excellent Collimation 4. Polarization  Synchrotron sources APHY 191 IR Colambo  Synchrotron sources (3rd generation) FACILITY NAME LOCATION ENERGY CIRC YEAR (GeV) (m) COMM European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) France 6 844 1992 Advanced Light Source (ALS) USA 1.9 196.8 1993 Taiwan Light Source (TLS) Taiwan 1.5 120 1993 Elettra Synchrotron Light Source (ELETTRA) Italy 2.4 260 1993 Pohang Light Source (PLS) Korea 3.0 281.8 1995 Advanced Photon Source (APS) USA 7.0 1104 1995 Max-Lab (MAXII) Sweden 1.5 90 1997 Super Photon Ring – 8 GeV (Spring-8) Japan 8.0 1436 1997 BESSYII Accelerator (BESSYII) Germany 1.7 240 1998 Swiss Light Source (SLS) Switzerland 2.4 288 2001 Canadian Light Source (CLS) Canada 2.9 147 2003 Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lab (SSRL-SPEAR3) USA 3.0 234 2004 Synchrotron SOLEIL (SOLEIL) France 2.75 354 2006 Diamond Light Source (Diamond) UK 3.0 561.6 2006 Australian Synchrotron Australia 3.0 216 2004 Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) China 3.5 432 2007 PETRA III at DESY Germany 6.0 2304 2009 Synchrotron Light Facility (ALBA) Spain 3.0 270 2010 Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) Taiwan 3.0 518.4 2015 National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLSII) USA 3.0 792 2015 Max-IV Laboratory Sweden 1.5/3.0 96/528 2016 Sirius: the New Brazilian Synchrotron Radiation Source Brazil 3.0 518 UC APHY 191 IR Colambo APHY 191 IR Colambo The Electromagnetic Spectrum Spectral range covered by synchrotron radiation 18 Système intégré d'acquisition de données chez Antarès Photoemission Antarès Experimental Technics X-Ray Absorption Scienta & Bruker Detectors Scienta Detector Core levels & Valence Band Photoelectron Diffraction Scanning Imaging 50 nm step e- (k) hv Zone Plate Simgle Scattering focusing Sample Double emitter Scattering h Scatterers e- Nano-ARPES 60° 0° 60° Nano-PhD Nano-XAS Interference phenomena Photoemission Antarès Experimental Technics X-Ray Absorption Scienta & Bruker Detectors Scienta Detector Core levels & Valence Band Photoelectron Diffraction Scanning Imaging 50 nm step e- (k) hv Zone Plate Simgle Scattering focusing Sample Double emitter Scattering h Scatterers e- Nano-ARPES 60° 0° 60° Nano-PhD Nano-XAS Interference phenomena  ARPES: Photoémission angulaire de graphène Première publication scientifique de la ligne Antarès… Sample scan “Graphene growth by molecular beam epitaxy on the carbon face of SiC” E. Moreau et al. - Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 241907 (2010). IEMN, Lille – SOLEIL (Antares) – LCPM (Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris) Photoemission Antarès Experimental Technics X-Ray Absorption Scienta & Bruker Detectors Scienta Detector Core levels & Valence Band Photoelectron Diffraction Scanning Imaging 50 nm step e- (k) hv Zone Plate Simgle Scattering focusing Sample Double emitter Scattering h Scatterers e- Nano-ARPES 60° 0° 60° Nano-PhD Nano-XAS Interference phenomena Photoemission Antarès Experimental Technics X-Ray Absorption Scienta & Bruker Detectors Scienta Detector Core levels & Valence Band Photoelectron Diffraction Scanning Imaging 50 nm step e- (k) hv Zone Plate Simgle Scattering focusing Sample Double emitter Scattering h Scatterers e- Nano-ARPES 60° 0° 60° Nano-PhD Nano-XAS Interference phenomena  Antarès Experimental Technics X-Ray Absorption Scienta & Bruker Detectors Scienta Detector Core levels & Valence Band Photoelectron Diffraction Scanning Imaging 50 nm step e- (k) hv Zone Plate Simgle Scattering focusing Sample Double emitter Scattering h Scatterers e- Nano-ARPES 60° 0° 60° Nano-PhD Nano-XAS Interference phenomena test_9 test_9 test_9 Scienta Scienta Valence ValenceBand Valence Band Band AXIS y [nm] test_9_parameters test_9_parameters AXIS y [nm] Si Si 2p 2p Si 2p Si 2p Ag 3d AgAg Ag 3d 3d 3d AXISAXIS X [nm] X [nm] AXIS X [nm] Si 2p Ag Ag3d Si 2p 3d