General Physiology: Composition of the Human Body PDF

General physiology Composition of human body By Dr Eman I. Elgizawy Assistant professor of physiology department, faculty of medicine ,menofia university  Objectives Distinguish different compartments of body fluid Define normal va...

General physiology Composition of human body By Dr Eman I. Elgizawy Assistant professor of physiology department, faculty of medicine ,menofia university  Objectives Distinguish different compartments of body fluid Define normal values of water in different compartment Illustrate physiological variation of total body water Describe importance of body water Define normal values of electrolytes in body Describe importance of each body electrolyte Distinguish different types of solutions and its importance Organization of human body Human body systems Composition of the human body A. Water: comprise 60% of body weight ( BW ). B. Others: comprise 4 0% of BW w hich include Protein: 18% of BW Fats: 15% of BW Electrolytes: 7% of BW Body fluid compartment Normal adult young male weighing 70kg has 60% of his body weight water distributed in two major compartments This Photo by Unknow n Aut hor is licensed under CC BY  Importance of body water : 1.Water constitutes not less than 40% of TBW of any living organism. 2. Act as a solvent: for digestion, absorption, secretion , exertion, mobility of ions. 3. Water has an ionizing property: - + Means water can dissociate into OH and H which is very important property in many aspects. 4. Essential for all sensations except tactile one 5. Body temperature regulation 6. Makes tissue pliable and flexible. Body electrolyte Normal value of electrolyte: represents 7% of BW Importance of electrolyte: 1. Maintain osmolarity of body fluid (numbers of osmoles/ kg of solvent) 2. Each electrolyte has specific function ++ e.g Ca in mineralization of bone 3. Determine cell membrane potential. 4. Determine water content & distribution 5.Affected by acid base balance Types of solutions; Classified into 3 types according to size of dissolved particle: True solution Colloidal solution Suspension Size of particle < 1mm 1-200 mm >200mm Stability & Stable & homogenous Stable & homogenous unstable & precipitate homogeneity Filtration Pass freely through Cannot Cannot semi- permeable – Cannot Cannot pass through filter paper e.g Nacl –glucose solution Egg, albumin and Blood, sand and starch solution charcoal solution Cells: smallest independent unit microscopic structure Tissue: cells w ith similar structure and function. Organ: different types of tissues carry out specific function. System: group of organs that carry out specific function.