Introduction to The Health System - Concepts & Functions

‫ميحرلا نمحرلا هللا مسب‬ Introduction to The Health System “Concepts & Functions” Dr. Suleiman Abdgabbar Abdullah M.B.B.S, PGC-HMPP, MD - Community Medicine 3/13/2022 1 ...

‫ميحرلا نمحرلا هللا مسب‬ Introduction to The Health System “Concepts & Functions” Dr. Suleiman Abdgabbar Abdullah M.B.B.S, PGC-HMPP, MD - Community Medicine 3/13/2022 1  Learning objectives By the end of the session the student is expected to: Understand the definitions, concepts and functions of health, health system and healthcare delivery system Be able to describe the roles, responsibilities and organizational charts of the different levels of health system management in Sudan 2  Session Outlines Definition and concepts of health, healthcare and health system Health system functions Roles, responsibilities and organizational chart of the Federal Ministry of Health Roles, responsibilities and organizational chart of the State Ministry of Health Roles, responsibilities and organizational chart of the Local Health System 3  Definition of health "Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity" In recent years, this statement has been amplified to include the ability to lead a "socially and economically productive life“ WHO 1948 4  DIMENSIONS OF HEALTH Health is multidimensional The WHO definition envisages three specific dimensions: – Physical – Mental – Social 5  DIMENSIONS OF HEALTH Many more may be cited, spiritual, emotional, vocational and political dimensions as the knowledge base grows, the list may be expanding Although these dimensions function and interact with one another, each has its own nature 6  Healthcare “Health care, health-care, or healthcare is the maintenance or improvement of health via the promotion, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, recovery/ or cure, and rehabilitation of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people” 7  Healthcare Delivery System It is part of the health system “Is an organization of people, institutions, and resources to deliver health care services to meet the health needs of a target population” 8  Health system functions Providing health services; as a fundamental human right Generating the human and physical resources that make service delivery possible Raising and pooling the resources used to pay for health care Stewardship - setting and enforcing the rules of the game and providing strategic direction for all the different actors involved 9  Health system is therefore defined as “All the activities whose primary purpose is to promote, restore and/or maintain health” The people, institutions and resources, arranged together in accordance with established policies, to improve the health of the population they serve, while responding to people’s legitimate expectations and protecting them against the cost of ill-health through a variety of activities whose primary intent is to improve health WHO 10  Operational Definition of Health System “All activities and resources directed towards promotion, protection, restoration, maintenance and rehabilitation of health” 11 World Health Organization Health System Framework 12 Levels of health system management Federal State Locality 13  Roles and responsibilities of the FMoH Development of national policies, legislations, and plans Monitoring and evaluation of implementation of the policies and plans Setting standards and specifications of healthcare system Supervise and guide efforts aiming at controlling disease and epidemics Support states ministries of health to build their capacities Lead development of HRH Support provision of effective, safe, affordable and quality supplies Lead development HIS 14  Organizational Chart of FMoH Minister Boards and other specialized units Undersecretary Executive office DG of DG of Emergencies Directorate admin. DG of DG of DG of DG of general of and DG of DG of PHC Internatio And curative HRH quality planning Epidemic pharmacy medicine nal Health finance control 15  Roles and responsibilities of the SMoH Develop and implement state policies, legislations and plans in line with the national ones Provide funds for the different health projects and activities M&E Establish and run different types of hospitals according to the national standards and specifications Licensing of the different types of health facilities 16  Roles and responsibilities of the SMoH Conduct health surveys Vital registration and statistics Control contaminants and air pollutants Emergency preparedness and response to epidemics and other health emergencies Medical Supply Management Support localities to build their capacities 17  Organizational Chart of SMoH Director General Specialized Executive office units Directorate DG of admin. general of And finance DG of DG of curative DG of HRH planning and DG of PHC health pharmacy medicine development 18  Local Health System structure and functions 3/13/2022 19  Local Health System “LHS is part of the national health system based on concept of PHC and serves the population living in specified geographical area (The locality)” It is divided into Local Health Areas (LHAs) 3/13/2022 20  Local Health Area “LHA is an area with specified geographical and administrative boundaries; serves the population living within its boundaries; includes all public and private healthcare institutions and workers; and is sub-divided into catchment areas around health facilities “ 3/13/2022 21  Catchment Area “Specified geographical area around a healthcare facility and the population served” 3/13/2022 22  Principles of LHS 1. Decentralization 2. Equity 3. Delivery of comprehensive and integrated package of services 4. Effectiveness 5. Efficiency 6. Quality of healthcare 7. Accessibility 8. Community participation 9. Inter – sectoral coordination 3/13/2022 23  LHS Functions 1. Identification of local health needs according to the national standards 2. Ensuring effective leadership 3. Establishment of effective partnerships 4. Coordination between partners 5. Provision of funds for implementation of health projects and activities 6. Mobilization of additional resources 7. Pooling and efficient utilization of resources 3/13/2022 24  LHS Organization Structures Locality Health Council Locality Health Management Team Catchment area health team Community Health Committee (VHC, DHC, …etc) 3/13/2022 25  Roles of the Locality Health Council Endorsement of health plans Support the LHMT in implementing plans Activate political commitment Coordination Resources mobilization Develop and endorse supportive legislations Monitoring 3/13/2022 26  Role of the Executive Director Lead the LHS towards the intended goals Ensure effective political commitment 3/13/2022 27  Effective Political Commitment is realized through Provision of local component of health plan budget Endorsement of supportive legislations and policies Effective community mobilization Effective coordination between different partners Resources mobilization Establishment of effective partnerships Provision of HRH Support dissemination of health messages 3/13/2022 28  Roles and responsibilities of LHMT Management of healthcare services – planning, organizing, staffing, financing, and controlling Provide integrated services Coordination with other sectors Ensuring community participation Management of HIS Training of health workers and volunteers Provision of different resources needed of effective functioning of the LHS 3/13/2022 29  LHM Organization Chart (one model) The Executive Director LHCC Directorate Directorate Directorate Director general of locality health general general general services 3/13/2022 30  LHT Organization Chart (one model) Director of locality health services Specialized support units Health centers Environmental Disease control Hospitals and units MCH section section health section section section 3/13/2022 31  Roles and Responsibilities of Catchment Area Committee Identify priorities Monitoring implementation of plans Support health workers Activate community participation 3/13/2022 32  Roles and Responsibilities of Community Health Committee Identify priorities Monitoring implementation of plans Support health workers Activate community participation 3/13/2022 33  Learning objectives By the end of the session the student is expected to: Understand the definitions, concepts and functions of health, health system and healthcare delivery system Be able to describe the roles, responsibilities and organizational charts of the different levels of health system management in Sudan 34  References National Health Policy; 2017 - 2030 National Health Sector Strategic Plan II (2017 - 2020) Sudan Health system profile, 2006; WHO Regional Health Systems Observatory- EMRO Sudan House Hold Health Survey; 2010 Sudan Health status Report, 2010; ‫م‬2010 ‫وثيقة مواصفات ومعايير الخدمات الصحية بالسودان؛ الجزءين االول والثاني ؛‬ Addressing the Need for Health Services Expansion Within the Sudanese Context; towards Universal Health Coverage; Ideal situation , current, challenges and the way forward Website 3/13/2022 35 Thank you for your attention Any questions? Or Comments? 36