Lec 1_ Introduction to OT PDF

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (OT.511) Lecture 1 : Introduction to OT Ass.Prof. Marian Magdy Assistant Professor MTI University ILO’S of the lecture: A- Knowledge and understanding a.4. Describe the role of Occupational therapy for hand skill dysfunction, regaining feeding abilities, acti...

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY (OT.511) Lecture 1 : Introduction to OT Ass.Prof. Marian Magdy Assistant Professor MTI University ILO’S of the lecture: A- Knowledge and understanding a.4. Describe the role of Occupational therapy for hand skill dysfunction, regaining feeding abilities, activities of daily living, and playing activities. What are your expectations? What are the differences between OT and PT? What is your occupation? Main topics in this lecture : What is Occupational Therapy? History of OT Who are occupational therapists and where do they work? Different types of activities that OT can work with children. What the OT interventions based on? What is Occupational Therapy? Occupational therapy is a type of health care that helps to solve the problems that interfere with a person’s ability to do daily task like: Self-care - getting dressed, eating, moving around the house, Being productive - going to work or school, participating in the community, and Leisure activities - sports, gardening, social activities. Occupational therapy can also prevent a problem or minimize its effects.  Occupational therapy is a practice that uses goal-directed activity to promote independence in function. Occupational therapy (OT) is the use of exercises, activities, strategies and accommodations to help kids develop the skills they need-to become more independent. OT interventions are not only focused on the child's Performance but also on implementing adapted methods or applying assistive technology to increase the child's participation despite performance problems. History of OT : ❖ Occupational therapy which developed as a profession during world war I (1914-1918)grew rapidly in English –speaking countries with the recognition of the need to rehabilitate the civilian patient as well as the disabled soldier. ❖ In 1952 the world Federation of Occupational Therapy was founded , this organization has done much to develop educational programs which meet the standard of education of occupational therapy throughout the world.  Occupational therapy is a client- centered health profession concerned with promoting health and well being through occupation. The primary goal of occupational therapy is to enable people to participate in the activities of everyday life. Occupational therapists achieve this outcome by working with people and communities to enhance their ability to engage in the occupations they want to, need to, or are expected to do, or by modifying the occupation or the environment to better support their occupational engagement. Who are occupational therapists and where do they work? Occupational therapists, often called OTs, are the primary providers of occupational therapy services. OTs are: University educated professionals that apply their specialized knowledge and skills to recommend a course of preventive or corrective action that will help people lead more productive and satisfying lives.  OTs are Trained to understand not only the medical and physical limitations of a disability or injury, but also the psychosocial factors that affect the functioning of the whole person – their health and their wellness. Occupational therapy services typically include: An individualized evaluation, during which the client/family and occupational therapist determine the person’s goals, Customized intervention to improve the person’s ability to perform daily activities and reach the goals, and An outcomes evaluation to ensure that the goals are being met and/or make changes to the intervention plan.  Occupational therapists work in a variety of settings including: ▪ Home and Community: Home care, private practices, health boards, community mental health centres, clinics, halfway houses, groups homes, vocational programs, community action groups, and workers compensation boards. ▪ Institutions: Hospitals, intermediate and long term care facilities, rehabilitation centres, nursing homes, mental health centres, correctional institutions, recreation centres, schools, universities and colleges, research centers  Occupational therapists work in a variety of settings including: ▪ Home and Community: Home care, private practices, health boards, community mental health centres, clinics, halfway houses, groups homes, vocational programs, community action groups, and workers compensation boards. ▪ Institutions: Hospitals, intermediate and long term care facilities, rehabilitation centres, nursing homes, mental health centres, correctional institutions, recreation centres, schools, universities and colleges, research centers ▪ Industry and business: Corporations, rehabilitation companies, insurance companies, and architectural firms. ▪ Government: All levels of government advising in the areas of health promotion, disability prevention/management, accessibility, vocational/health planning and international rehabilitation program development OT can work with children on many different types of activities as: 1. Self-care or activities of daily living (brushing teeth, buttoning clothes, using eating utensils). 2. Hand-eye coordination (writing on a classroom whiteboard, copying in a notebook What the teacher writes on the board). 3. Fine motor skills (grasping, controlling a pencil, using scissors). 4. Gross motor skills (doing jumping jacks, working on core muscle strength for sitting posture. 5. Sensory responses (helping kids with sensory processing issues respond to sensory input in more comfortable ways). OT interventions based on 1- Analysis of the child's behaviors and performance. 2-Determines how performance is influenced by impairment and how the environment supports or constrain performance. 3-The occupations in which the child engages. 4-The context for those occupations. 5- Identifies discrepancies between the child's performance and activity demands and interprets the meaning and importance of those discrepancies, 6- Analysis of the interrelationships among environments, occupations, and persons, and the goodness-of-fit of these elements is the basis for sound clinical decisions.