First Aid Lecture Notes PDF

First Aid First Aid Is the initial assistance or treatment given to a person who is injured or suddenly becomes ill, etc., before regular medical services arrive or can be reached. A First Aider: Is a person who takes action while taking care to keep everyone involved safe and to cause no further...

First Aid First Aid Is the initial assistance or treatment given to a person who is injured or suddenly becomes ill, etc., before regular medical services arrive or can be reached. A First Aider: Is a person who takes action while taking care to keep everyone involved safe and to cause no further harm while doing so. Objective of First Aid /Guiding Principle 3ps of First Aid 1.Preserve life: 2.Prevent deterioration. 3.Promote recovery.  First Aid Priorities 1.Assess a situation quickly and calmly. 2. Protect yourself and any casualties from danger-never put yourself at risk. 3. Prevent cross-contamination between yourself and the casualty as best as possible. 4. Comfort and reassure casualties. 5. Assess the casualty: identify, as best as you can, the injury or nature of illness affecting a casualty. 6. Give early treatment, and treat the casualties with the most serious (life-threatening) conditions first. 7. Arrange for appropriate help: call 122 for emergency help if you suspect serious injury or illness; take or send the casualty to the hospital; transfer him into the care of a healthcare professional List of Life threatening emergency 1.Breathing problem, Cardiac arrest, Choking, Allergic reaction. 2.Chest pain, Abdominal pain, etc. 3.Burn, Scald, Bleeding. 4.Head and Spinal injuries. 5.Lower and upper extremities injuries. 6.Bites and stings. 7.Electrical injuries. 8.Heat cramps etc. Triage Is to judge the severity of the victim's condition, priorities and decide on the best possible approach beneficial to the individual within contains of time and professional attention at the place Is the sorting of patients by priority for treatment, evacuation or transport. Primary triage is carried out in the bronze area, and patients are usually re-triaged (Secondary triage) at the casualty clearing station. International Guidelines for Tirage (color code) RED :Immediate care most urgent high survival if attended immediately YELLOW- Rime(Orange) Beyond care: Regardless of urgency has poor survival rate YELLOW-Urgent Not immediate care can wait 45 to 60 minute after Stabilization. GREEN Minor care can wait until other have been attended. BLACK- Dead First-Aid Kit an up-to-date first-aid manual a list of emergency phone numbers sterile gauze pads of different sizes adhesive tape adhesive bandages (Band-Aids) in several sizes an elastic bandage a splint antiseptic wipes soap hand sanitizer antiseptic solution (like hydrogen peroxide)  sterile water, saline (saltwater), or irrigation solution and a large syringe for washing cuts tweezers sharp scissors safety pins disposable instant cold packs alcohol wipes or ethyl alcohol a thermometer tooth preservation kit plastic non-latex gloves (at least 2 pairs) a flashlight and extra batteries a mouthpiece for giving CPR (you can get one from your local Red Cross) an eye shield eye wash solution First Aid Step The steps include use the letters DRs. ABC (Danger, Response, send for help, Airway, Breathing and Circulation) Danger: if someone need help, before go up to them check , is it safe area or situations? (Remove danger) Response: do they respond when you ask them? Are you ok? Airway: is their airway open and clear? Breathing: are they breathing normally? Circulation: are there any signs of sever bleeding? Response: Level of consciousness:(Glasco coma scale) a term used to describe a person's awareness and understanding of what is happening in his or her surroundings.