Lab Safety Training 2024 PDF

General Laboratory Safety Summary of the Main Factors Why does it matter? ◼ Safe working protects:  You  Other lab workers  Cleaners  Visitors  Your work ...

General Laboratory Safety Summary of the Main Factors Why does it matter? ◼ Safe working protects:  You  Other lab workers  Cleaners  Visitors  Your work  Protecting yourself ◼ Wear complete personal protective equipment Safety Goggles (PPE) when in the lab Long-sleeved ◼ Laboratory coats must lab coat be kept fastened Long Pants ◼ Proper behaviour at the lab Closed Shoes Protecting yourself ◼ Loose clothing should Hair tied back not be worn because it may dip into chemicals or fall into a flame and catch fire ◼ Don’t wear sandals or open shoes, and skimpy clothing (shorts, skirts) ◼ Long hair must be tied back ◼ Remove jewelleries/ Loose clothing are properly worn if accessories cannot be avoided Shoe styles (or lack of) NOT allowed in the lab… In other words, any shoe style that leaves part of your foot exposed is not allowed in the chemistry laboratory. Protecting yourself- Safety goggles ◼ Appropriate eye protection must be worn at all times! ◼ Wear safety goggles when working with chemicals, glass, or heat Protecting yourself - gloves ◼ There are many different types of protective glove ◼ Use the correct ones for the job you will be doing ◼ Remember that you need to select chemical protection gloves according to the materials and/or substances with which you will be working ◼ Remove your gloves before using instruments, telephone, and leaving the laboratory Laboratory hygiene ◼ Never eat, drink or smoke in a laboratory ◼ Never apply cosmetics ◼ Never touch your face, mouth or eyes ◼ Never suck pens or chew pencils ◼ Always wash your hands before you leave and especially before eating  General Safety Rules Please note: your laboratory instructor will ask you to leave the lab if the safety rules are not followed! ❖ NO food or drink in the lab. ❖ Students are not allowed to work in the lab without an instructor present. ❖ Only students registered in science courses with lab are allowed to be in the laboratory. ❖ Eye protection must be worn at all times, as indicated. ❖ Keep your hands away from your face, while working. ❖ Wash your hands as often as possible, especially before leaving the lab. ❖ Do not wear protective gear outside the lab, including lab coats, gloves, etc. ❖ Keep your workstation neat and clean. ❖ Be well prepared before you come to the lab. ❖ Know what to do in case of emergency. What are the general hazards in a laboratory? ◼ Fire ◼ Breakage of glassware ◼ Sharps ◼ Spillages ◼ Pressure equipment & gas cylinders ◼ Extremes of heat & cold ◼ Chemical hazards ◼ Biological hazards ◼ Radiation And many more! Always ADD ACID to water GRADBEAK acid GRADBEAK water “Do not spit into acid!” – a good phrase to remember this rule. Avoiding Fires ◼ Flammable substances  Use minimum quantity  Store in special storage cabinet  Use temperature- controlled heating sources (eg water-bath rather than hot-plate or Bunsen burner) Work with volatile chemicals under a fume hood. wok fim Glassware ◼ Use correct techniques for the insertion of tubing onto glassware ◼ Never use glassware under pressure or vacuum unless it is designed for the job and suitably shielded ◼ Dispose of chipped or broken glassware – it is a risk to you and others ◼ Always dispose of broken glass in a glass bin or sharps bin and not in a general waste bin ◼ Do not pick up the broken glass with your hands. Instead, you should use a broom and dustpan to collect the broken glass. Heat test tubes at an angle, directing the opening oppositely to you and other people in the laboratory. Do not smell any chemicals directly! If absolutely necessary to smell, use your hand to fan the vapor to your nose. Do not pipet solutions by mouth! image_01545 ◼ Use a rubber suction bulb or pipet_plus_operation other device to fill a pipet. Spillages ◼ Clear up spillage promptly ◼ You will already have determined how to do this as part of your risk assessment ◼ Dispose of any hazardous material as toxic waste Messy workers are usually poor workers!! Remember that the lab is a place for serious work! Careless behavior may endanger yourself and others and will not be tolerated! Wash your hands with soap and water before leaving. This rule applies even if you have been wearing gloves! Electrical Equipment ◼ Always do a visual check on electrical equipment before use, looking for obvious wear or defects ◼ NEVER use defective equipment General Tidiness ◼ Keep your workplace tidy ◼ Clear up waste, deal with washing up and put things away as you finish X with them (CLAYGO) ◼ Make sure everything is safe before you leave things unattended ◼ A tidy laboratory avoids accidents to everyone Waste Materials ◼ Dispose of waste lab materials safely  Solvents and oils must be segregated into the correct waste bottle or drum  Your department will help you determine what to do with chemical or biological materials ◼ Do not put materials down the drain or in with normal waste unless authorised to do so Laboratory Equipment ◼ Never use any laboratory equipment unless you are trained & have been authorised to do so ◼ As well as injuring yourself you may cause very costly damage  First Aid ◼ All laboratory workers should undergo simple first aid training  For ALL chemical splashes, wash with plenty of water for 15-20 minutes  Control bleeding with direct pressure, avoiding any foreign bodies such as glass ◼ Always report all accidents to your instructor or laboratory assistant Know the safety equipment Sink Eye wash fountain bsr-a500 Safety shower floorplan2 Fire extinguisher Emergency exits Note: Never spray a person with a fire extinguisher. The chemicals in the fire extinguisher can be harmful. Protecting your health ◼ If you have an allergy to lab materials or suffer from a medical condition which may affect you in the laboratory (e.g diabetes or epilepsy), ensure that your lab instructor knows What to Do in Case of an Accident: Always tell your instructor about all accidents immediately!!! Broken glass: Do not pick up broken glass with your fingers! Get a broom and dust pan. Sweep the broken glass into the dust pan and dump it into the specially marked containers provided in each lab. Small chemical spill: Wipe up liquid spills with paper towels and dispose of them as your instructor suggests. Solids should be dissolved in water, if possible, and wiped up. Otherwise, sweep them up with a broom and a dust pan and dispose of them as your instructor suggests. In all cases, after the chemical spill has been wiped up, rinse the area with water to make sure that all residual chemicals have been removed. Large chemical spill: Move away from the area of the spill. Warn the people around you LOUDLY. Call your instructor! Let the expert handle the clean-up! Chemical splash in your face, goggles on: If the goggles have Use this sign to indicate the location of an eyewash station. protected your eyes, DON’T TAKE YOUR GOGGLES OFF! Yell for help. Go to the nearest sink or eye wash station and rinse your face quickly with the goggles still on. Then remove the goggles and rinse your face again. Chemical splash or broken glass in your face, goggles off: If this sort of accident happens, you may not be able to see well enough to go to the nearest sink or eye wash station on your own. YELL LOUDLY FOR HELP and cooperate with anyone who comes to your aid. Large splash of dangerous chemical on your clothing and/or body: Quickly follow this procedure while continuously YELLING FOR HELP:  A. Move away from the area where the spill occurred (you don't want to get more chemical on you).  B. CALL LOUDLY FOR HELP and to warn others to stay away from the spill!  C. Remove any contaminated clothing.  D. Use the safety shower. (The treatment for chemical exposure is 15 minutes under cold running water, or as long as you can stand it.) Small, confined fire: If you have a small fire in a container, (for instance, a small beaker full of alcohol has caught fire) find something you can use as a lid for the container. When the container is covered, the fire will quickly burn itself out. Call the instructor for help. Small, open fire : If you have a small fire which is not in a container, move away from the fire and SHOUT FOR HELP! You can use a fire extinguisher to put the fire out. If you ever need to use a fire extinguisher, remember the following (A) pull the pin, (B) aim to the side at first, (C) depress the handle, (D) sweep the spray from side to side across the BASE of the fire (where the fire meets the fuel), not just at the flames! When the fire is out, clean up the area! Large fire: SHOUT FOR HELP and leave the area immediately! The fire alarm will probably sound. When it does, evacuate the building and TELL EVERYONE YOU CAN, where the fire is. Your clothing is on fire: Don't run! It will only fan the flames and make the fire worse! Instead, you should STOP moving, DROP to the ground (lie down!), and ROLL on the ground to squash out the flames! YELL continuously! Note: If you want to help a person who is in this sort of trouble, don't use a fire extinguisher! You must never use a fire extinguisher on a human being. The chemicals in the extinguisher can be harmful! Fire Alarm: If a fire alarm sounds you must evacuate the building immediately! To evacuate the lab properly, you should quickly and calmly do the following: ◼ Turn off all flames and unplug any hot plates or other electric equipment you are using. ◼ Follow the instructions provided by your instructor. ◼ Get your stuff if time allows: Take your book bag, purse, car keys, etc. with you. We never know whether the evacuation will last for 5 minutes or 5 hours. You don't want to become stranded on campus! ◼ Walk calmly out the door, down the hall, down the stairs (elevators should not be used during an emergency unless you are handicapped), out the door and away from the building. What to Do in Case of an Injury or Illness: Small cut: Tell your instructor, and let your instructor look at the injury. Wash the injury thoroughly with water. If the injury is minor, you may use the first aid kit in the laboratory. If your injury still hurts so badly that you can't finish the experiment, then you may be escorted to a health care provider so the cut can be treated. Large cut: Tell your instructor, and let your instructor look at the injury. To stop or slow down bleeding, apply pressure to the wound. If the wound is very large or there is glass or other foreign matter in the wound, then apply pressure around the arm or leg (between the body's torso and the injury) to slow the bleeding. In all cases, a large cut must be attended to by medical professionals! What to Do in Case of an Injury or Illness: Small burn: Tell your instructor, and let your instructor look at the injury. Chemical burns and heat burns should both be treated with lots of cold running water. Never put anything but cold water on a burn! Doctors often have to remove ointments because they retard healing! Large burn: In all cases, a large burn must be attended to by medical professionals! Tell your instructor, and let your instructor look at the injury. The Campus Security will be called and, if transportation cannot be arranged, an EMS unit will be called. What to Do in Case of an Injury or Illness: Fainting: Report to the clinic. In all cases, Campus Security and an EMS team will be called! If you feel like you might faint, please notify your instructor or lab partner before it is too late. You can usually lie down there, and you may avoid the expense of calling for emergency help. Breathing difficulties: Report to the clinic. In all cases, the Campus Security will be called and, if transportation cannot be arranged to a medical care facility, an EMS unit will be called. When in doubt – ASK!!! ◼ Do not carry out a new or unfamiliar procedure until you have been fully trained & understand the precautions necessary for safe working ◼ DO NOT GUESS!!!! What’s Wrong In This Picture? What’s Wrong In This Picture? What’s Wrong In This Picture? What’s Wrong In This Picture? What’s Wrong In This Picture?