Lab 1 Bio Lab Safety & Equipment PDF

Faculty of Medicine Academic Year: 2024-2025 Year: 1 Semester: 1 Module: Human Body Function (HBF) 102 Lab safety & instrumentations By: Dr. Hanaa B. Atya Lecturer of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology...

Faculty of Medicine Academic Year: 2024-2025 Year: 1 Semester: 1 Module: Human Body Function (HBF) 102 Lab safety & instrumentations By: Dr. Hanaa B. Atya Lecturer of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 11/19/2024 22  Laboratory Equipment  Laboratory equipment refer to the various tools and equipment used by scientists working in a laboratory. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 3  Laboratory equipment  Autoclave  Hot plate  Centrifuge & micro  Graduated cylinder, centrifuge Flasks  Shaker  Centrifuge tubes  Micropipette & pipette tips  Gel electrophoresis  Light microscope  Digital balance  Incubator  Refrigerators and  Water baths cold rooms  PCR (thermo-cycler) 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 4  Laboratory Equipment  Never use any laboratory equipment unless you are trained & have been authorized to do so As well as injuring yourself you may cause very costly damage 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 5  Autoclave  It is a chamber that use high level of heat & pressure to sterilize instrument & materials. Destroy harmful organisms and pathogens. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 6  Centrifuge  Instrument used the to isolate solids (in the form of a small pellets) from a solutions. This is done by spinning a closed container of the mixture very quickly around a fixed central point. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 7  Shaker, vortex & hot plates  Shaker: Used Vortex mixer :  Hot plate: apply to mix or agitate used to mix sample direct heat to small volume of in a single tube glass ware solution. containing 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 solutions 8  Incubator  Provide optimal growth conditions for cells or cultures.  Regulate temperature, humidity, and CO2 levels. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 9  Water bath & digital balances  Water bath: incubate samples in water at a constant  Digital balance: temperature over a long Accurate weighing of period. substances 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 10  Manual pipettes It is a measuring tool for transferring liquid from the original container to another container within a certain volume. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 11  Automatic pipettes & pipette tips Single-channel Pipette tips Multi-channel micropipette micropipette 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 12  Flasks & beakers Mixing, measuring, heating, and storing liquids Not accurate volume Not accurate volume Accurate volume 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 13  Graduated cylinder Measure the volume of liquids 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 14  Cold rooms, refrigerators & freezers  Laboratory freezers are cold cabinets used to store and keep biological samples at temperatures between -80ºC and 10ºC.  Cold rooms (cabinets): 2-8ºC  Freezers : -20ºC & -80ºC. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 15 Safety cabinets (laminar flow or tissue culture hoods) Protect personnel against biohazardous or infectious agents Prevent contamination of biological samples or particle-sensitive materials Provide a sterile working environment by filtering the air and trapping dust particles and microbes 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 16  Spectrophotometer It is an instrument used for detecting the presence of any light-absorbing particles dissolved in a solution and for measuring the concentration of those particles. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 17  Know Your Surroundings  Electrical  Corrosives  Toxic vapors  Mechanical  Compressed Lab. Hazards  Poisons gasses  Biological  Flammable liquids Always take time to be knowledgeable about laboratory safety concerns and practice proper safety procedures 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 18  General Safety Rules 1. Listen to or read instructions carefully before attempting to do anything. 2. Wear safety goggles to protect your eyes from chemicals, heated materials, or things that might be able to shatter. 3. Notify your supervisor if any spills or accidents occur. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 19  General Safety Rules 4. After handling chemicals, always wash your hands with soap and water. 5. During lab work, keep your hands away from your face so that you do not contaminate your skin. 6. Tie back long hair and roll up loose sleeves.. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 20  General Safety Rules 7. Know the location of the fire extinguisher, fire blanket, eyewash station, and first aid kit. 8. Keep your work area organized. Take to the lab station only what is necessary. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 21  General Safety Rules 9. It is suggested that you wear glasses rather than contact lenses. 10. Never put anything into your mouth during a lab experiment. 11. Clean up your lab area at the end of the laboratory period. 12. Never “horse around” or play practical jokes in the laboratory. The penalty is a private detention. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 22  Reduce lab. risks  It’s essential to know the location and proper use of all safety equipment  It’s essential to know and have access to all printed information about safety policies and reagents Remember … Always take time to be safe 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 23  Safety Equipment Safety showers Eyewash stations Fire extinguishers Spill kits First aid kits Biosafety hoods Chemical storage cabinets PPEs (Personal Protective Equipment) Safety glasses, gloves, lab coats, 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 24 masks  Safety rules 1. Glassware safety 2. Chemical safety 3. Biological safety 4. Heating safety 5. Electrical safety 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 25  1. Glassware Safety 1. Chipped or cracked glassware should not be used. Show it to the teacher. 2. Broken glassware should not be disposed of in a classroom trashcan. There is a special glass disposal container for it. 3. When pouring liquids into glassware, make sure the container you are pouring into is resting on a table at least a hands breadth from the edge. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 26  1. Glassware Safety 4. If a piece of glassware gets broken, do not try to clean it up by yourself. Notify the supervisor. 5. Do not place hot glassware in water. Rapid cooling may make it shatter. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 27  2. Chemical Safety 1. Wear protective goggles and a lab apron whenever heating or pouring hazardous chemicals. 2. Never mix chemicals together unless you are told to do so (and then only in the manner specified). 3. Never taste any chemicals (you should never taste anything in the lab). 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 28  2. Chemical Safety 4. Wash your hands after handling hazardous chemicals. 5. Never pour water into a concentrated acid. Acid should be poured slowly into water. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 29  Labeling Diamond shaped, color coded NFPA (National Fire Protection Act) labels are required to identify the nature of hazardous material … 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 30  3. Biological Safety Standard Precautions All biological specimens must be considered potentially infectious Always use required PPEs (personal protection equipment) when handling biohazardous material. Mouth pipetting is NEVER permitted under any circumstances. Spills must be cleaned using proper technique. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 31  3. Biological Safety Cleaning Specimen Collection Areas and Biological Spills a. Wear gloves. b. Use 1:10 bleach solution or commercially prepared solution. c. First clean area with visible blood and then disinfect the entire area. d. Keep the bleach in contact with contaminated area for at least 20 minutes. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 32  4. Heating Safety 1. Let burners and hotplates cool down before touching them. Test to see if they are cool enough by bringing the back of your hand close to them. 2. Use tongs and/or protective gloves to handle hot objects. 3. Never reach across an open flame or burner. 4. Never leave a burner or hotplate unattended. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 33  5. Electrical Safety 1. Lay electrical cords where no one can trip on them or get caught in them. 2. Be sure your hands and your lab area are dry before using electrical equipment. 3. Never poke anything into electrical outlets. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 34  5. Electrical Safety 4. Unplug cords by pulling the plug and not the cord. 5. Unplug all electrical equipment at the end of the lab period. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 35  First Aid Injury: Burns What To Do: Immediately flush with cold water until burning sensation is lessened. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 36  First Aid Injury: Cuts What To Do: Do not touch an open wound without safety gloves. Pressing directly on minor cuts will stop bleeding in a few minutes. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 37  First Aid Injury: Fainting What To Do : Provide fresh air and have the person recline so that their head is lower than the rest of their body. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 38  First Aid Injury: Eyes What To Do: Flush eyes immediately with plenty of water for several minutes. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 39  First Aid Injury: Poisoning What To Do: Find out what substance was responsible for the poisoning and alert the teacher immediately. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 40  First Aid Injury: Spills on the skin What To Do: Flush with large quantities of water. Do not use chemical neutralizers 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 41  First Aid Injury: Electrical shock What To Do: Shut off the current at the source. Use rubber gloves. Alert the teacher immediately. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 42 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) OSHA primarily monitors Hazardous Materials, Hazard Communication, Bloodborne Pathogens, and Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories. OSHA is in charge of monitoring work conditions and eliminating physical and health hazards at the work-place. 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 43  Material Safety Data Sheet MSDS regulated by Federal hazard communication standard And written by OSHA (Occupational safety and health administration) An MSDS is a document that relays vital information about certain chemicals and biological agents.! 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 44 Hazardous materials identification system 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 45  Interactive Question  Name of the device:  Name of the device: ………… …………  Uses:  Uses: 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 46 ……………………………. …………………………….  Interactive Question True/False Questions: 1. It is acceptable to wear open-toed shoes in the laboratory as long as you are careful. ( ) 2. You should always read the labels and safety data sheets (MSDS) before using a chemical. ( ) 3. Centrifuges can be used with any type of container, regardless of its weight. ( ) 4. It is okay to use cracked glassware as long as it doesn’t leak. ( ) 5. Fume hoods are designed to protect you from hazardous fumes and should always 11/19/2024 be used when working withHBF volatile - 102 substances. ( ) 47  Interactive Question  What safety equipment should be present in a lab?  What is a centrifuge, and what is its function?  What is the function of a fume hood?  What is a spectrophotometer used for? 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 48  Be Safe!!!!!! The End 11/19/2024 HBF - 102 49