Interior Design Principles PDF

Interior Design Dr. Luma Daradkeh Principles of Interior design The principles of interior design are fundamental guidelines that designers use to create visually appealing and functional spaces. Principles of Interior design - Harmony/Unity 1.Harmony/Unity: Harmony in interior des...

Interior Design Dr. Luma Daradkeh Principles of Interior design The principles of interior design are fundamental guidelines that designers use to create visually appealing and functional spaces. Principles of Interior design - Harmony/Unity 1.Harmony/Unity: Harmony in interior design refers to the visual unity or coherence achieved through the consistent use of elements and principles. It ensures that all parts of the design work together to create a unified whole. Harmony  Principles of Interior design - Harmony/Unity Unity ties the design together by creating a cohesive and harmonious whole. It involves ensuring that all elements within the space relate to each other and contribute to the overall design concept.  Principles of Interior design 2. Balance:  It is the visual balance in a design.  three types of balance are: 1. Symmetrical (formal) 2. Asymmetrical (informal), 3. radial Achieving balance helps prevent a space from feeling cluttered or lopsided.  Principles of Interior design - Balance  It is the visual balance in the visual weight of a design.  elements that affect visual weight: 1. size (larger object = larger weight). 2. color (some colors are heavier than the others). 3. density (more elements in one space means larger weight). 4. value (dark objects are heavier than light). 5. whitespace (this space is heavier than positive space).  Principles of Design – negative & positive space White space is the empty space in a design. It is also known as negative space. Contrary to the name white space does not technically have to be a clear white area in the design By including white space into your design you are not just making it easier for the viewers to comprehend your design but also giving yourself more room to play with the components of your design.  Principles of Design – negative & positive space What is the Importance of White space in design? Aside from the obvious reason for making your design aesthetically pleasing. Whitespace is one of the most dynamic tools a designer can use. 1. Control relation by Proximity: The amount of white space between two elements defines their relation with one another. The closer they are the more related they appear, this is also called Proximity. Therefore, by controlling the amount of white space you can easily change the relation between elements. 2. Easier to Scan: When used correctly white space gives your design more dimension making it easier for the user to scan through your design. Principles of Design – negative & positive space What is the Importance of White space in design? 3. Better UX: While making the design soothing on the eyes, white space also makes the design convenient for the user to navigate through. 4. Emphasis: White space lets you make a particular section of your design stand out. While creating any design you usually have a focal point that you want the viewer to focus more on. This is where you can use whitespace.  Principles of Design – Hierarchy Hierarchy is an organization of some elements or things based on how important they are. This is also called visual hierarchy. In every design there are elements that are more important than others and it is important to emphasize that. You should also know that visual weight of elements can also be used to make a hierarchy between them.  Principles of Design – Scale / Proportion 1. Scale as the dimension of some object when related to some other object or element. Scale in design is very important if you want to demonstrate how big some element is when compared to human body.  Principles of Design – Scale / Proportion 2. Proportion is size of parts when looking at the whole picture. Proportion refers to the relationship between the sizes of various elements within a space. It involves ensuring that objects and architectural features are appropriately scaled relative to one another and to the overall room size. The main difference between scale and proportion is that scale is absolute‫ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬and proportion is relative‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬.  Principles of Design – Dominance / Emphasis creating focal points of your work is to create dominance through emphasis. When you create dominance on your design then you give some elements an advantage over other and those elements will probably be ones that users will see first  Principles of Design – Dominance / Emphasis There are three different stages of dominance and that are: 1. dominant elements (primary emphasized element that is most visible). 2. sub-dominant (secondary emphasized element). 3. subordinate (elements with the least amount of visual weight and that will be in the background).  Principles of Design – Dominance / Emphasis It's crucial for creating visual interest and guiding the viewer's eye through the design. Focal point can also be called as starting point and your most dominant element should be placed in that point. That can be your logo, tittle or something else that visitors should see right away. Dominance can be created with adding more or less visual weight to an element.  Principles of Design – Repetition, Pattern, and Rhythm Repetition Repeating design elements within work is not a flawed approach. Rather, repetition allows for a single point to be repeated numerous times throughout. One of the examples that can clarify the principle of repetition is the set of stairs: each step is individual, but is repeated with similar size/shape in a sequence to form the stairway itself.  Principles of Design – Repetition, Pattern, and Rhythm Pattern Patterns are made up from different components which are then repeated in the same way throughout the design. A seamless pattern is one that flows throughout without flaw in the beginning or end: the entire pattern is a single, coherent unit. This approach to design becomes important when thinking about designs which incorporate significant amounts of color, texture or depth. Principles of Design – Repetition, Pattern, and Rhythm Rhythm Unlike repetition and pattern above, rhythm has slightly more complexity to it. Where repetition and pattern require the same design element to be repeated throughout the design in the same way, rhythm requires the organization of a variety of design elements in a specific order. As a result, individual design elements may not repeat or be the same at all points; rather, their repetition is adaptive and changes throughout the design. Rhythm in interior design creates a sense of movement and flow through repetition, progression, or contrast of visual elements. It helps establish a sense of continuity and coherence in the space.  Principles of Design – Similarity / Contrast Tools that are used to attract the user's attention to some element or object. Similarity between elements show that they are similar and that they communicate with each other. If you look at some design you will probably easily notice elements that are similar because they have similar size, similar color or shape. Be careful with this tool because if you put too much similarity then users could easily lose their attention and interest. Principles of Design – Similarity / Contrast On the other hand, element with contrast stand out amongst other and get more attention. When you look at something you will probably notice elements that dominate the design. You can notice elements because they don’t fit with other. That probably wasn’t an accident. Artist wanted to get your attention and make you communicate with that element because it is obviously important. Contrast can be accomplished with different fonts, colors, backgrounds, different sizes and similar tools, just like similarity.