Trophic Levels PDF

TROPHIC LEVELS UNIT II LESSON 2.7b Trophic levels  Trophic levels diagram of an energy pyramid, which shows the flow of energy through an ecosystem. MUTUALISM MUTUALISM -It is a positive type of relationship because both organisms benefit from each other. One example i...

TROPHIC LEVELS UNIT II LESSON 2.7b Trophic levels  Trophic levels diagram of an energy pyramid, which shows the flow of energy through an ecosystem. MUTUALISM MUTUALISM -It is a positive type of relationship because both organisms benefit from each other. One example is the interaction between pollinators and flowering plants. COMMENSALISM COMMENSALISM -A type of relationship wherein one organism benefits and the other is NOT affected. One example is shown by orchids or birds and trees. The trees provide support and protection for orchids and birds but trees don’t get benefits nor harm from them. PARASITISM PARASITISM -A negative relationship wherein a parasite causes harm to the host. Parasites depend on their hosts for survival. Endoparasites live inside the body of the host (parasitic worm); ectoparasites live on the surface of the body of the host (ticks, fleas, mites). COMPETITION COMPETITION -it occurs when organisms compete for the same resource and happens among different species or of the same kind. Lions, hyenas, and cheetahs found in the same area compete for food source. PREDATION PREDATION -a type of relationship wherein one organism is killed and eaten by the other organism. The predator is the organism that captures and kills and the prey is the one being killed and eaten. E.g. venus flytrap, pitcher plants ENERGY PYRAMID This represents the amount of energy acquired in each trophic level.  Energy flow As energy moves up the pyramid, it decreases. This is because some energy is lost as heat at each level. FOOD CHAIN The food chain shows feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem. It represents how energy is transferred from one organism to another. FOOD CHAIN A stage in the food chain is called a trophic level. Organisms with a similar mode of nutrition occupy the same trophic level. FOOD CHAIN A food chain starts with a producer, continues with consumers and ends with a decomposer. FOOD WEB A food web is composed of interlinked food chains. This exists because most consumers eat various organisms that may be part of different trophic levels. FOOD WEB Similar to food chains, the arrows show transfer of energy from one organism to another. Because there are interconnected links, you can find several food chain. TROPHIC LEVELS UNIT II LESSON 2.7b Trophic levels  Trophic levels diagram of an energy pyramid, which shows the flow of energy through an ecosystem. MUTUALISM MUTUALISM -It is a positive type of relationship because both organisms benefit from each other. One example is the interaction between pollinators and flowering plants. COMMENSALISM COMMENSALISM -A type of relationship wherein one organism benefits and the other is NOT affected. One example is shown by orchids or birds and trees. The trees provide support and protection for orchids and birds but trees don’t get benefits nor harm from them. PARASITISM PARASITISM -A negative relationship wherein a parasite causes harm to the host. Parasites depend on their hosts for survival. Endoparasites live inside the body of the host (parasitic worm); ectoparasites live on the surface of the body of the host (ticks, fleas, mites). COMPETITION COMPETITION -it occurs when organisms compete for the same resource and happens among different species or of the same kind. Lions, hyenas, and cheetahs found in the same area compete for food source. PREDATION PREDATION -a type of relationship wherein one organism is killed and eaten by the other organism. The predator is the organism that captures and kills and the prey is the one being killed and eaten. E.g. venus flytrap, pitcher plants ENERGY PYRAMID This represents the amount of energy acquired in each trophic level.  Energy flow As energy moves up the pyramid, it decreases. This is because some energy is lost as heat at each level. FOOD CHAIN The food chain shows feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem. It represents how energy is transferred from one organism to another. FOOD CHAIN A stage in the food chain is called a trophic level. Organisms with a similar mode of nutrition occupy the same trophic level. FOOD CHAIN A food chain starts with a producer, continues with consumers and ends with a decomposer. FOOD WEB A food web is composed of interlinked food chains. This exists because most consumers eat various organisms that may be part of different trophic levels. FOOD WEB Similar to food chains, the arrows show transfer of energy from one organism to another. Because there are interconnected links, you can find several food chain.