Anatomical Terms and Position - Introduction PDF

Anatomical terms and position  Lecture Outline Definition of Anatomy Organization of human body Anatomical position Anatomical planes Anatomical terms according to position, movement & direction. Gross anatomy divisions. Learning Outcomes By the end of the lecture, the studen...

Anatomical terms and position  Lecture Outline Definition of Anatomy Organization of human body Anatomical position Anatomical planes Anatomical terms according to position, movement & direction. Gross anatomy divisions. Learning Outcomes By the end of the lecture, the students will be able to: Identify different anatomical position Recognize different anatomical planes Understand Anatomical terms such as medial, lateral, flexion ……….. Enumerate different body regions and systems  I- What is Anatomy? (Definition of Anatomy) Anatomy is the science studying the structure, arrangement and geography of the human body. Systematic (descriptive Anatomy) macroscopic microscopic It is the keystone to all branches of medical science.  Organization of human body HUMAN CELL TISSUE ORGAN SYSTEM BODY The anatomical position is described as follows: The face directed forward. The body stands erect, with feet together. Upper limbs are along the sides. The palms of the hands facing forward. Anatomical Terms Related to Position Anterior and Posterior = Ventral and Dorsal  Superior and inferior = Cranial and Caudal  Median Medial Lateral (Distance from mid-line of the body)  Superficial and Deep = External and Internal (Distance from surface of a cavity) Anatomical terms  Anterior / posterior: a. Anterior (ventral) b. Posterior (dorsal) c. Palmar: is the ventral surface Terms of the hand. d. Planter: is the sole of the foot. related to Proximal / distal: position a. Proximal: near the origin of a structure (nearer to the shoulder (Relations) joint or the hip joint). b. Distal: Is away from the origin of a structure (away from the shoulder joint or the hip joint). External / internal: a. External (superficial): is close to the surface of the body. b. Internal (deep): is closer to the center of the body. Superior / inferior: a. Superior (above) b. Inferior (below) Medial / lateral: a. Median: is the midsagittal plane. b. Medial: is toward the midsagittal plane. c. Lateral: is away from the median plane (or toward the side of the body). Terms related to movements Anatomical planes  ANATOMICAL PLANES The midsagittal plane dividing the body into equal right and left halves, while sagittal plane divide the body into two unequal right and left parts Coronal planes dividing the body into unequal anterior and posterior parts. Transverse (horizontal) planes dividing the body into upper and lower parts.  It is subdivided into: Gross Divided by anatomy divisions regions Divided by systems  REGIONS OF THE HUMAN BODY Head and Neck. Trunk: thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Limbs: upper and lower limbs. Systems of the human body Locomotor system: 1- Bones. 2- Muscles. 3- Joints. Nervous system  Digestive system GIT (Gastrointe stinal tract) Endocrine system Genital system Lymphatic system Identify. a)Sagital plane b)Coronal plane c)Transverse plane  B A Position of point A in relation to point B is: a) Medial b) Median c) Lateral d) Superior e) Inferior Discussion & Feedback  Gray's Clinically References anatomy for oriented students anatomy