Knots and Lashings PDF

 To provide cadets a complete guide to their 8 basic knots and 4 basic lashings. To prepare cadets to use the Knots during rescue operation. Running end: the end of rope used during tying of a knot. Standing end: the reverse amount of rope not immediately active during the tying of a knot. Knot:...

 To provide cadets a complete guide to their 8 basic knots and 4 basic lashings. To prepare cadets to use the Knots during rescue operation. Running end: the end of rope used during tying of a knot. Standing end: the reverse amount of rope not immediately active during the tying of a knot. Knot: the end product of a tying process that would hold or secure the rope in a desired position. Bend: a knot which is used for joining 2 lengths of ropes together. Hitch: a knot or fastening a rope to a fixture such as a e.g. ring, spar Lashing: a way to secure 2 or more poles together using ropes. Name of knot: thumb knot/ overhand knot Description: it is used as a stopper knot and to stop a rope’s end from fraying temporarily Name of knot: slip knot/ also know as the “magic knot” Description: the loop formed from the knot can be adjusted accordingly for many purposes. One of which is camp craft. Name of knot: figure of 8 Description: An photogenic knot, the figure eight easy to learn and quick to tie. Like the overhand knot, it can be used to tie off ends of rope or to perform "stopper" functions in other knots. Name of knot: fisherman knot Description: it is used particularly for joining two ropes of equal thickness or two ropes made of smooth or wet material. Mainly use for mending fishing nets. Name of knot: reef knot/ square knot Description: it is used in all first aid work and for joining two ropes of equal thickness together Name of knot: bowline Description: it is used in life saving and rescue work, because it does not slip easily. Also used in camp craft Name of knot: sheepshank Description: it is used to shorten a long rope especially when it is fastened at both ends Name of knot: Sheetbend Description: This is the simplest and strongest way to tie together two lines of unequal thickness. The knot's name comes not from bed sheets but from its usefulness in tying a sail down. Name of knot: clove hitch Description: it is used to secure a rope to a spar, rail or similar fitting. It is also used for starting and ending most types of lashings, gadgets making. (e.g. the 4 lashings)  Uses: to construct a flag pole. 1)Tie a clove hitch around the both poles. 2)Wrap the twine around the poles both six or seven times. 3)Finish with clove hitch around both poles The lashing can be tightened by driving a small wooden peg between the poles. If possible force a wedge under the lashings to make them really tight.  Uses: to fasten two spars or poles together, in the shape of a cross 1) Arrange 2 poles to form a cross shape. Tie a clove hitch to the vertical pole, underneath the horizontal pole. 2) Coil the standing end to the running end, to make sure work is neat. 3) Start to do the square wrapping turns. 4) Bring the running end up and over the horizontal pole; then around the vertical pole; and back down over the horizontal pole. Pass the twine behind the vertical pole and back up in front of the horizontal pole; this completes the first wrapping.  to 5 5)Do 3 to 5 wrapping turns, make sure they are parallel to ensure maximum contact between the poles and the twine. This ensure there is friction and therefore the wrapping is secured. 6)Start to frap around the point the 2 poles are in contact. Make a tight turn.  3 7)Make 3 frapping turns. Work tight. 8. 8) Form a clove hitch at the right side of the horizontal pole.  Uses: Diagonal lashing is used to bind two poles together that contact at the same point in a structure. The 2 poles does not need to be perpendicular to each other after the lashing. Step1:Tie a timber hitch diagonally around both poles. Step 2 :Start the wrapping turns on the opposite diagonal to the timber hitch, by pulling the rope tight so that the poles contact each other. Step 3: Take 3 to 4 wrapping turns; keep the wrapping turns parallel; pull each wrapping turn tight. Step 4: Start the second set of wrapping turns by going past and around the vertical pole. [NOTE] Going around the pole the rope allows the direction of the rope to be changed without crossing the first set of wrapping diagonally. Step 5: Take 3 to 4 wrapping turns; be sure to keep the wrapping turns parallel; pull each wrapping turn tight. Step 6:Start the frapping turns by going past and around one of the poles. [NOTE] Going around the pole with the rope allows the direction of the rope to be changed without crossing the wrapping turns diagonally. Step 7: Take 2 to 3 frapping turns; keep the frapping turns parallel. Be sure to pull each turn tight. Step 8: End the lashing with a clove hitch. Take the first half hitch of the clove hitch by going past and then around one of the poles. Lock the half hitch tight against the lashing by working it tight. Step 9: make a second half hitch around the pole. Step 10: Work the second half hitch tight against the first half hitch so that the clove hitch is locked against the lashing. Figure of 8 lashing Uses: To bind three poles together, for the construction of a tripod. To bind three poles together that contact at the same point in a structure. 1)Lay the poles side by side with the butt ends aligned. This ensures the tripod legs are of desired length. Tie a clove hitch to the first pole. 2)Do a wrapping turn by bringing the running end above the second pole, below the third pole. Then wrap towards the first pole by brining the running end over the third pole, under the second pole and above the first pole. This is 1 complete wrapping turn. 3)Repeat step 2 about 3-4 times. THANKS