Data Structures PDF
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Summary
This document provides an overview of various data structures, including arrays, linked lists, queues, stacks, graphs, trees, tries, and hashes. It explains their characteristics, uses, and examples in simple terms. A helpful resource for understanding fundamental data structures in computer science.
Full Transcript
# Types of Data Structures - **Array:** - A data structure that contains a group of elements. - The element is stored in consecutive memory locations. - Elements are of the same data type. - Example: An array of integers - **Linked List:** - A linear data structure where elements are li...
# Types of Data Structures - **Array:** - A data structure that contains a group of elements. - The element is stored in consecutive memory locations. - Elements are of the same data type. - Example: An array of integers - **Linked List:** - A linear data structure where elements are linked together in a sequence. - Each element is called a node and contains data and a pointer to the next node. - Each node points to the next node in the sequence. - Example: A linked list of names - **Queue:** - A linear data structure that follows the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) principle. - Elements are added to the rear and removed from the front. - Example: A queue of people waiting to be served - **Stack:** - A linear data structure that follows the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle. - Elements are added and removed from the top. - Example: A stack of plates - **Linked List:** - A data structure that contains a chain of nodes. - Each node includes data and a pointer to the subsequent node in the chain. - Example: Storing a list of items in a shopping cart - **Graph:** - A data structure that comprises nodes interconnected in a network. - Nodes can be connected to each other in various ways. - Example: A map with cities as nodes and roads as edges. - **Tree:** - A tree data structure is a hierarchical data structure with a parent and multiple children. - It has a root node, which is at the top, and branches down to the leaf nodes, which contain the information. - Example: A family tree - **Trie:** - Provides fast retrieval and is mainly used for: - searching words in a dictionary, - providing auto suggestions in a search engine, and even for - IP routing. - **Hash:** - A process that uniquely identifies objects and stores each object at a pre-calculated unique index called its "key." - The hash table stores key-value pairs. - Example: storing a list of passwords in a secure database.
