UAE Social Studies Keynotes (Grade 9) PDF

KEYNOTES SUBJECT: UAE SOCIAL STUDIES GRADE 9 Unit 3 Lesson 1: The Rise of Islamic Civilization in the Land of UAE Lesson Objectives: To explain the spread of Islam and Islamic civilization in the Lower Gulf region of A...

KEYNOTES SUBJECT: UAE SOCIAL STUDIES GRADE 9 Unit 3 Lesson 1: The Rise of Islamic Civilization in the Land of UAE Lesson Objectives: To explain the spread of Islam and Islamic civilization in the Lower Gulf region of Arabia. To understand how towns and ports developed along the Arabian Gulf coast and interior trade routes. To analyze the life of Ahmed bin Majid as a navigator. Islamic Civilization Arrives in the Arabian Gulf In the late pre-Islamic period, also referred to in Arab history as the Jahaliyya, Arab merchants traded with merchants from empires on the periphery of the Arabian Peninsula. Prophet Mohammad (Peace be upon Him) was a merchant trader travelling to Damascus and back to Mecca before he received the message of Islam. After Prophet Muhammad received the revelation of Islam, he taught its principles to the new Muslim community. After the Muslims left Mecca for safety in Medina in 622 CE, Islam spread through the Arabian Peninsula. Followers of the Prophet travelled from Mecca and Medina to other parts of the Arabian Peninsula, Ethiopia, Egypt, Syria and points beyond. The Islamic faith and Islamic civilization arrived in the area now known as the UAE during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon Him). In 630 CE / 9 AH the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) sent a letter to present to the Sasanian Governor on the coast of Eastern Arabia who rejected the message to accept Islam. Another letter went to the leaders of the Al Julanda tribe in the area of Suhar, now Oman, who accepted Islam. In a very short time Islam was received and established among the coastal people of the area now known as the UAE.  A final battle over Dibba took place in around 632 CE or after the death of the Prophet (PBUH). The Caliph Abu Bakr dispatched a force of soldiers from the Hijaz to reinforce the Al Julanda in a battle at Dibba. After the battle its people accepted to Islam. The Rise of Islamic Civilization The first century of Islamic history is distinguished by its rapid and successful expansion across Africa to Europe as well as throughout Arabia, Syria, Persia, and Central and South Asia. Islam later spread into China and Southeast Asia and eventually to all parts of the world where mosques can be seen reflecting aspects of cultures of each of the regions, yet distinctly Islamic structures. The Dome of Rock Hypostyle mosques are those that have an open courtyard with walled enclosures in front of the entrance to the mosque. The Dome of the Rock is part of a larger area known as al-Haram al-Sharif, (meaning the noble or sacred enclosure) and was built by the Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik and completed in 691 AD. The Dome of the Rock was built at the site of commemoration of the night journey of the Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him) and his ascension to the sky. Isra’ wa al-Miraj is one of the holy days of the Islamic calendar. It commemorates the night journey of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It has marble colonnades, Octagonal exterior wall, A 20-meter-wide golden dome is covered with mosaic decorations and calligraphy mosaics with Quranic verses. Early Mosques in the UAE The earliest known surviving structure of a mosque in the land of the Emirates is found on in Al Ain, very near to the Al Ain Grand Mosque. The newly opened Jumeirah Archaeology Site in Dubai also preserves the foundations and stone base of a mosque. The site contains evidence of continuous settlement from around 1000 CE to the 1700s. The mosque foundations may be seen today at the archaeological site which is open to the public. One can clearly see the qibla wall niche indicating the direction of prayer toward Mecca. The oldest mosque in continuous use in the UAE is the Al-Bidiya Mosque in Fujairah. It was built during the 15th century, Life of Ahmed bin Majid A famous Arab navigator. Born in Julfar (now in Ras al Khaimah) in 1432 AD. Specialized in celestial navigation – use of astrolabe protractor calculator to determine the latitude of a person. Wrote the book Kitab al-Fawa’id fi usul al-bahr wa’l-qawa’id OR Book on the rules of Sea Navigation. In this book he describes the lands, oceans and seas as seen in 1490. Navigators and their Rivals There are three types of navigators. The first is the navigator who comes and goes, sometimes safely and sometimes not, making good and erroneous decisions. This is the lowest form of the navigator. The second type is the navigator, well-known by people for his excellent knowledge, cleverness and skill in every place to which travels; he collects experience of it but is not known after his death. The third type of navigator, who is the highest of all, is he who is well known for his excellent knowledge and his great attainments from whom none of the problems of the sea are hidden and who writes books which can be of use during his life and which people can use after his death. **************************************************************