Key Debate Vocabulary and Phrases.pptx

Key Debate Vocabulary and Phrases Common words and phrases used in formal debates This slide will introduce key vocabulary and phrases used in academic debate. We will cover terms like 'proposition', 'rebuttal', and 'logical fallacy' that are essential for understanding and participating in academ...

Key Debate Vocabulary and Phrases Common words and phrases used in formal debates This slide will introduce key vocabulary and phrases used in academic debate. We will cover terms like 'proposition', 'rebuttal', and 'logical fallacy' that are essential for understanding and participating in academic debates. Proposition Introduction of the main topic of a debate Proposition identifies the subject to be discussed, considering all sides of an issue Provides foundation for arguments All arguments in a debate relate back to and support or oppose the proposition statement Proposition should be clear and focused A clear, focused proposition helps structure a productive debate The proposition is a crucial first step in a debate, introducing the topic and providing direction for arguments. Motion A motion is a specific claim or statement Motions provide structure for debates It is the main point that is presented for debate They set the parameters and focus the arguments Motions should be clear and focused A good motion is specific enough to guide the debate The motion sets the framework and focus for a debate by presenting a specific claim or statement for discussion. Argument Proposals regarding an issue Claims supported by warrants Counterarguments acknowledged An argument presents different stances on an issue using reasoning and evidence. An argument puts forth claims and supports them with warrants or reasoning to back them up. A strong argument will acknowledge counterarguments against its proposition and address them logically. An effective argument uses logic and evidence to make a compelling case for or against a proposition. Claim - A claim is an assertion or statement about an issue or topic. This provides the debater's position or stance on the issue. Use a light bulb icon. - Claims should be clear and concise. - Claims need supporting evidence. The claim should be straightforward and easily understood. Use a check mark icon. The claim itself is not enough, it requires proof. Use a scales icon. An effective claim clearly states the debater's position and can be supported with evidence. Evidence Credible sources Statistics Expert opinion Citing information from trustworthy sources like scientific studies or government data. Using numbers, percentages, or data to back up the claim. Quoting specialists like scientists or scholars to give authority. Using strong evidence makes your claims more convincing and persuasive. Counterargument Presents an alternative viewpoint Aims to weaken the argument Can make the debate stronger A counterargument challenges the main argument by offering an opposing perspective. It should thoughtfully engage with the key claims. By presenting a logical opposing view, a counterargument tries to highlight potential flaws or limitations of the main argument. Addressing counterarguments shows you have considered multiple perspectives, strengthening the overall debate. A counterargument presents an alternative perspective to challenge the main argument. While opposing, it should be logical and well-reasoned to improve the overall debate. Rebuttal Highlight logical flaws Weak evidence Alternative view Explain the flaws in the opponent's reasoning Point out that the opponent's evidence is weak or irrelevant Present an alternative interpretation of the evidence A strong rebuttal can undermine the opponent's argument and bolster your own position. Conclusion In conclusion, mastering key vocabulary and phrases enables effective debate. Knowing the proper terms to use when presenting an argument or rebuttal is critical. Understanding concepts like ad hominem, straw man, and burden of proof transforms debate skills. DEBATABLE TOPICS • Should schools abolish final exams? This topic explores the benefits and drawbacks of final exams as an assessment method. Students can consider alternative methods of evaluation and the impact of exams on student stress levels and academic performance. • Is it more important to prioritize academics or sports in high school? This topic examines the value of extracurricular activities such as sports in high school and whether they should be given equal importance to academic pursuits. Students can explore the potential benefits and drawbacks of prioritizing one over the other. • Should schools require students to wear uniforms? This topic debates the pros and cons of school uniforms, including their potential impact on school culture, student behavior, and individual expression. Students can also consider the financial burden that uniforms may place on families. • Is homeschooling better than attending traditional schools? This topic explores the advantages and disadvantages of homeschooling compared to traditional schooling. Students can discuss the social, academic, and emotional benefits and drawbacks of each approach.