ISDE Exam 2 PDF

ISDE Exam 2 **[You first document summary:]** Company Overview: - Founded: 2002 - Presence: 21 offices in 13 countries - Team: 275 employees - Focus Areas: Sports, esports, entertainment, and cultural initiatives - Clientele: Over 200 clients spanning diverse industries Core Se...

ISDE Exam 2 **[You first document summary:]** Company Overview: - Founded: 2002 - Presence: 21 offices in 13 countries - Team: 275 employees - Focus Areas: Sports, esports, entertainment, and cultural initiatives - Clientele: Over 200 clients spanning diverse industries Core Services: 1. Sponsorship & Activation: - Strategic consultancy, negotiation, and activation of sponsorships for brands like Herbalife, Iberdrola, and Continental. - Development of innovative sponsorship activations, including podcasts and branded events. 2. Events: - Creation and execution of large-scale fan zones, corporate events, and public engagement projects for clients like LaLiga, Euroleague, and AECC. - Comprehensive event management, including design, logistics, and audience engagement. 3. Digital & Influencer Marketing: - Influencer campaigns featuring well-known personalities to amplify brand presence. - Successful campaigns for brands such as Oppo and Mahou. 4. Branded Content Production: - Development of creative campaigns, such as \"Correr es de Valientes\" and sports-themed content for global tournaments. - Integration of storytelling into brand strategies to engage target audiences effectively. 5. Esports & Gaming: - Entry into esports with projects like branded Fortnite maps and collaborations with gaming influencers like TheGrefg. - Partnerships with esports leagues to position brands in front of younger, digitally-savvy audiences. 6. YouTube and Digital Originals: - Specialized content creation and management through its Knot business unit. - Representation and development of professional YouTube channels. Achievements: - Successful partnerships with major sports leagues, international brands, and local communities. - Innovation in sponsorship activations, integrating traditional media with digital platforms to maximize brand exposure. Market Position: You First positions itself as a multidisciplinary, entrepreneurial agency offering tailored services to brands and talent, with a strong emphasis on storytelling, digital transformation, and audience engagement. The document is a presentation by **You First**, a global sports and entertainment agency. It highlights their services, expertise, and notable projects across sports, esports, and entertainment. Here\'s a breakdown of its contents: **Overview of You First** 1. **Company Profile**: - Founded in 2002 with 275 employees and 21 offices across 13 countries. - A multidisciplinary agency specializing in sponsorships, event organization, digital campaigns, and influencer marketing. 2. **Capabilities and Services**: - Data & Insights: Consumer analysis, brand consultancy, ROI measurement. - Digital & Content: Audiovisual content, social media campaigns, and influencer collaborations. - Sponsorship: Strategy development, negotiations, activation planning, and media partnerships. - Events: Creation and management of fan zones, corporate events, and brand activations. - Esports: Projects for gaming audiences with branded maps, influencers, and tournaments. **Notable Projects** 1. **Sponsorship Activation**: - **Herbalife Spain**: Managed sponsorship strategies, such as naming rights for Gran Canaria Basket and the Iberdrola Women\'s Soccer League. - **Continental**: Developed sponsorships in cycling, including the Vuelta and brand ambassadors. - **Euroleague Basketball**: Managed ambassadors and created engagement campaigns during the season. 2. **Events**: - **LaLiga Destino**: Managed fan zones in cities competing for promotion to the second division. - **BMW International Golf Cup**: Organized amateur golf tournaments in Spain with a national final. - **AECC Race Against Cancer**: Comprehensive management of the race, raising awareness and funds. 3. **Branded Content**: - **Delaviuda Christmas Campaign**: Featuring influencers and branded storytelling. - **Mahou Activation**: Engaging fans through creative content focused on their connection with sports teams. - **World Cup & Euro Cup Campaigns**: Content featuring football personalities and showcasing LG products. 4. **Esports**: - Developed branded maps in Fortnite for Snack\'In and a League of Legends Super League campaign for Openbank. - Collaborated with gaming influencers like TheGrefg for brand activations and digital campaigns. 5. **YouTube and Originals**: - Created sports content for digital platforms, combining storytelling with professional representation. **Focus Areas** 1. **Sports**: Building fan engagement through sponsorships, events, and content. 2. **Esports**: Innovative campaigns tailored to gaming audiences and new trends. 3. **Entertainment & Culture**: Leveraging influencers and digital platforms to amplify brand messaging. **Clients and Partnerships** - Collaborates with global brands and events, such as FC Barcelona, Euroleague, BMW, and Openbank. - Specialized in aligning brands with audiences through customized strategies and campaigns. **[IP in sports:]** **Importance of Intellectual Property (IP):** - Recognized as a valuable asset in sports for branding, revenue generation, and market differentiation. - Includes trademarks, copyrights (content, media), and image rights of players. - Facilitates licensing and merchandising opportunities. **2. Trademarks in Sports:** - **Definition:** A distinctive sign identifying products/services and distinguishing them from competitors. - **Requirements:** Must be distinctive, non-descriptive, and represented clearly. - **Types:** Word, figurative, shape, position, pattern, color, sound, motion, multimedia, and hologram marks. - **Usage:** Associated with products/services, sponsorships, advertising, and media. - **Protection:** Requires registration in jurisdictions (national, EU, or international). - **Duration:** Typically valid for 10 years and renewable indefinitely. - **Obligation:** Must be actively used to maintain rights, with evidence required to avoid revocation. **3. Copyright in Sports:** - **Definition:** Protects original intellectual creations (e.g., music, audiovisual works, and scripts). - **Rights:** Includes economic rights (reproduction, distribution, transformation) and moral rights (authorship, integrity, disclosure). - **Registration:** Not mandatory but useful for legal enforcement and licensing. - **Scope:** Protects the form of expression, not ideas. - **Applications:** Club hymns, event content, and marketing materials. **4. Licensing Agreements:** - **Definition:** Contracts allowing third parties to use IP for mutual benefit. - **Trademark Licensing:** - Expands market reach and enhances business portfolios. - Clauses include exclusivity, territory, duration, quality control, and royalties. - **Copyright Licensing:** - Focuses on economic rights, such as reproduction and distribution. - Requires written agreements specifying scope, duration, and modes of exploitation. **5. Economic Considerations:** - Revenue models include flat fees, royalties, or minimum guarantees. - Licensing agreements must balance exploitation with maintaining brand integrity.  **Importance of IP in Sports**: - Recognizes the increasing value of trademarks, copyrights, and image rights in the sports industry. - IP drives content creation (e.g., videos, pictures, club hymns), enhances merchandising, and protects players\' images.  **Trademarks in Sports**: - Definition and significance: - Distinctive signs identifying products/services and distinguishing them from competitors. - Essential for building reputation, licensing, and merchandising. - Requirements: - Must be distinctive, non-descriptive, and registered for specific products/services. - Types of trademarks: - Word marks, figurative marks, shape marks, color marks, sound marks, multimedia marks, and hologram marks. - Usage and protection: - Trademarks must be used as registered; otherwise, they risk revocation. - Examples include McDonald\'s losing its EU trademark for \"Big Mac\" due to insufficient usage evidence.  **Copyright in Sports**: - Protects original creations (literary, musical, artistic works) such as club hymns, videos, and documentaries. - Economic rights: - Include reproduction, distribution, and adaptation of the work. - Moral rights: - Ensure authorship recognition and protect the integrity of the work. - Importance of registration: - While copyright protection is automatic upon creation, registration eases enforcement and licensing.  **License Agreements**: - Definition: - Agreements where IP rights holders grant third parties the right to use and exploit their IP. - Trademark licenses: - Include terms like exclusivity, territory, duration, and quality control. - Help combat piracy and counterfeiting. - Copyright licenses: - Focus on economic rights and specify terms for scope, duration, and modes of exploitation. - Compensation models: - Flat fees, royalties, and minimum guarantees.  **Merchandising in Sports**: - Trademarks and copyrights enable licensing programs that expand business reach and revenue through merchandise, stores, and digital content.  **Image Rights**: - Legal framework under Spanish law (Organic Law 1/1982, Royal Decree 1006/1985). - Players' rights regarding their personal and professional images. - Image exploitation requires explicit consent, either written or oral, with a preference for written agreements. - Infringements include unauthorized capturing, use, or disclosure of private life details or images for commercial purposes. - Consent exceptions include public events, parody, and informative uses.  **Image Exploitation in Sports**: - Key stakeholders: clubs, players, sponsors, broadcasters. - Uses include advertising, merchandising, branded content, and public relations. - Distinction between private/personal and collective/team images.  **Ambush Marketing**: - Unauthorized associations or exploitation of events, teams, or players. - Strategies to prevent ambush marketing through contractual clauses and regulations.  **Sponsorship Agreements**: - Defined as advertising agreements involving investment by sponsors in exchange for brand visibility. - Structured sponsorship programs categorize sponsors based on investment levels and define associated rights. - Common clauses cover exclusivity, geographic scope, term, economic compensation, and intellectual property use.  **Digital and Emerging Assets**: - Increasing interest in digital content such as social media posts, e-games, and NFTs. - The metaverse offers potential sponsorship opportunities but presents legal uncertainties, particularly around rights clearance and jurisdiction.  **Endorsement Agreements**: - Focus on individual athletes promoting sponsor products, including exclusivity clauses and social media commitments.  **Traditional vs. Digital Sponsorship Assets**: - Traditional: physical advertising (stadiums, merchandise). - Digital: online content, NFTs, and virtual reality engagements. **[Examples:]** **Copyright Examples** 1. **Monkey Selfie Case (Naruto)**: - A legal debate over whether an animal can own copyright for a photograph. - The U.S. Court of Appeal ruled that animals do not have statutory standing under the Copyright Act to claim ownership of intellectual property. 2. **Tattoos**: - Ownership disputes over tattoos and their use in media. - Examples include: - **Mike Tyson's Tattoo Case**: Tattoo artist sued Warner Bros. for reproducing Tyson's tattoo in \"The Hangover 2.\" Settled out of court. - **Rasheed Wallace's Tattoo Case**: Tattoo artist sued Nike over reproducing Wallace's tattoo in advertisements. Settled out of court. **Trademark Examples** 1. **Messi vs. Massi**: - A trademark conflict where Massi (a prior EU trademark for class 25 products) contested Messi's trademark registration. - The EUIPO initially rejected Messi's trademark due to a risk of confusion. - The EU Court of Justice ruled in favor of Messi, citing his global reputation, which eliminated conceptual confusion. **Practical Scenarios** 1. **Image Rights**: - Examples where image rights are critical in agreements, especially in digital media and sponsorship contexts. 2. **Counterfeit Products**: - Addressed as a general issue with suggestions for combating counterfeit trademarks and products. 3. **Sponsorship Agreements**: - Hypothetical: A sports club (\"Club A\") designs a sponsorship program. Key clauses and sponsor categories are explored to ensure clear rights and obligations. 4. **Merchandising Programs**: - Hypothetical: Club A plans to develop a licensing program, raising questions about agreements, rights, and partnerships required to avoid disputes. **[Law in sports:]** 1. **Doping Violations**: - Types of violations under the World Anti-Doping Code: - Presence of a prohibited substance. - Use or attempted use. - Evading, tampering, trafficking, or failing to cooperate with doping control. - Complicity and prohibited associations. - New violation categories: - Acts of retaliation or discouraging whistleblowing. 2. **Historical Context**: - Evolution of doping in sports: - Methamphetamine use in World War II. - State-sponsored doping scandals (e.g., Russia). - Criminalization of doping in some jurisdictions. **World Anti-Doping Code 2021:** 1. **Structure**: - Increased document size over time: - 2003: 68 pages. - 2021: 184 pages + 8 international standards. - Key additions include: - Substances of abuse rules. - Enhanced protections for privacy and personal information. 2. **International Standards**: - Prohibited List (2024). - Therapeutic Use Exemptions (TUE). - Results management and new procedures for education and compliance. 3. **Sanctions and Rules**: - Strict liability: Athletes are responsible for substances found in their bodies. - Penalties range from reprimands to lifetime bans, depending on intent and fault. - Reduced sanctions for cooperation and evidence of accidental ingestion. **Notable Cases and Examples:** 1. **César Cielo et al.** (Brazilian swimmers, 2011): - Successfully argued no fault/negligence, avoiding sanctions. 2. **Maria Sharapova**: - Positive test for meldonium (banned substance as of 2016). - Defense established lack of intent due to prior legal use. 3. **Richard Gasquet** (French tennis player): - Tested positive for cocaine; defense involved contamination from a kiss at a nightclub. 4. **Clenbuterol Contamination**: - Multiple athletes tested positive due to contaminated meat in Mexico (e.g., 109 FIFA cases). 5. **Jon Jones (UFC fighter)**: - Reduced sanction for providing substantial assistance to uncover other doping violations. **Key Themes:** 1. **Athlete Rights**: - Right to a fair hearing and access to representation. - Transparency in testing procedures. - Protections for minors and recreational athletes. 2. **Burden of Proof**: - Greater than a balance of probability but less than beyond reasonable doubt. - Athletes must establish lack of intent or fault to reduce penalties. 3. **Challenges in Evidence**: - Establishing contamination or proving unintentional ingestion is critical but difficult. - Advanced testing measures (e.g., nanograms, blood passports). **Critical Moments in Doping Cases:** - Impacts of positive findings: - Loss of medals, sponsorships, and reputation. - Financial and emotional toll (e.g., legal fees, career disruption). - Examples of defenses: - Contaminated supplements. - Lack of education on prohibited substances. - Procedural errors during testing. **Future of Anti-Doping:** 1. **Education**: - Increased focus on prevention through awareness and education. 2. **Sanctions**: - Proportional penalties reflecting individual circumstances. - Reduced ineligibility for cooperation and rehabilitation. 3. **Legal Precedents**: - Examples like Halep v. ITIA showcase evolving standards in proving intent and contamination. **[Dispute resolution mechanisms ]** **Introduction** - The exponential growth of the football industry has increased the complexity of legal relationships and conflicts. - Establishes the importance of **Lex Sportiva**, a body of sports law requiring specialized arbitrators and bodies. **Historical Context** 1. **Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS)**: - Created in 1981 by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to resolve international sports disputes. 2. **FIFA's Dispute Resolution Mechanisms**: - In 2001, FIFA initiated the Chamber of Arbitration for Football (CIAF). - By 2002, FIFA accepted CAS jurisdiction as the final appellate body for football disputes. **Regulatory Framework** - **National Level**: - Spanish Law 39/2022 defines the role of sports bodies and federations. - **International Level**: - FIFA statutes govern dispute resolution through specialized bodies. **Types of Conflicts** 1. **Labour Disputes**: - Between clubs and players regarding contracts and terminations. - Jurisdiction: Domestic courts and laws. 2. **Civil Disputes**: - Includes club-to-club transfer disputes. - Jurisdiction: Domestic or FIFA bodies based on agreements. 3. **Competitive/Administrative Conflicts**: - Relates to penalties, sanctions, financial fair play, etc. - Jurisdiction depends on the issue's nature and involved bodies. **Dispute Resolution Mechanisms** 1. **Domestic Bodies and Courts**: - Handle labour, civil, and administrative disputes locally. 2. **Arbitration**: - Binding decisions, with CAS as the most prominent body. 3. **Mediation**: - Non-binding recommendations from a third-party mediator. **FIFA's Framework** 1. **FIFA Football Tribunal**: - Resolves international disputes, including contractual stability, employment issues, and training compensation. 2. **Specific Chambers**: - **Dispute Resolution Chamber (DRC)**: - Handles disputes with international dimensions (e.g., coach-club disputes, minor registrations). - **Player Status Chamber**: - Deals with agent-related contract disputes. - **Agents Chamber**: - Focuses on representation agreements between agents and clients. **CAS Jurisdiction and Procedures** 1. **Ordinary Arbitration**: - Parties include arbitration clauses in contracts for dispute resolution. 2. **Appeal Procedure**: - Appeals against decisions by sports bodies or tribunals (e.g., FIFA's DRC). 3. **Mediation**: - Informal negotiation facilitated by a mediator. 4. **Consultancy**: - Legal opinions requested by sports organizations, non-binding and confidential. **Benefits of Arbitration** - Confidentiality, simplicity, and flexibility. - Specialized arbitrators and consistent jurisprudence. - Particularly suited for international sports disputes. **Conclusion** - Alternative dispute resolution methods like arbitration and mediation are critical for fairness, efficiency, and maintaining relationships in sports. - Utilizing these mechanisms supports the sustainable development of the global sports industry. **[Law in sports FIFA:]** 1. **FIFA Foundation and Evolution**: - Founded in 1904 in Paris to unify international football competitions. - Currently, FIFA comprises 211 member associations, making it one of the largest global sports organizations. 2. **Legal Form and Objectives**: - FIFA operates under Swiss Civil Code (Art. 60 ff.). - Key objectives for 2023--2027 include promoting football globally, ensuring financial sustainability, and advancing regulatory frameworks. 3. **Organizational Structure**: - **Congress**: Supreme legislative body with 211 member associations. Handles admission, suspension, financial statements, and World Cup host selection. - **Council**: Strategic and oversight body that sets FIFA\'s mission and policies. Comprises 37 members, including the President. - **President**: Represents FIFA and oversees its mission and relations with stakeholders. - **General Secretariat**: Manages daily operations, competitions, and commercial contracts. - **Standing Committees**: Provide specialized advice to the Council and Secretariat. - **Independent Committees**: Include governance, audit, compliance, and judicial bodies (e.g., Disciplinary and Ethics Committees). 4. **Membership**: - Member associations organize and supervise football in their countries. - Rights: Voting in Congress, nominating candidates, participating in FIFA programs. - Duties: Compliance with FIFA statutes, decisions, and promoting football development. 5. **Confederations**: - Groups of associations from the same continent, responsible for organizing inter-club and international competitions. 6. **FIFA Football Tribunal**: - Resolves football-related disputes with international dimensions, including: - Employment disputes between players and clubs. - Training compensation and solidarity mechanisms. - Regulatory applications (e.g., player eligibility). - Chambers: - **Dispute Resolution Chamber (DRC)**: Focused on player-club employment issues. - **Player Status Chamber (PSC)**: Addresses transfer-related disputes. - **Agents Chamber (AC)**: Handles disputes involving football agents. 7. **Legal Mechanisms and Resources**: - FIFA statutes and governance regulations govern operations and dispute resolution. - The tribunal can impose sanctions and ensure compliance without secondary procedures. 8. **Documentation**: - Key documents include FIFA Statutes, Governance Regulations, Procedural Rules, and the FIFA Football Tribunal Guide. **Key Insights** - FIFA has a robust structure to govern global football and resolve disputes. - It promotes transparency and efficiency through detailed regulations and specialized committees. - The FIFA Football Tribunal plays a central role in ensuring fairness in player, club, and agent disputes. 1. **Legal and Compliance**: - FIFA's principles of legality, good governance, and transparency. - Specialized departments include: - Regulatory Governance & Compliance - Clearing House - Agents and Anti-doping - Key FIFA regulations: - FIFA Statutes: Membership, governance, dispute resolution, and arbitration. - FIFA Disciplinary Code: Defines violations and sanctions. - FIFA Code of Ethics: Governs stakeholder conduct. - FIFA Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players (RSTP): Rules for player eligibility and transfers. 2. **Regulatory Compliance**: - Ensures proper application of FIFA regulations to protect football\'s integrity. - Focus areas include: - Transfers (domestic and international) - Registration periods - Minors - Third-party ownership (TPO) and influence (TPI) 3. **International Player Transfers (TMS)**: - **TMS (Transfer Matching System)**: - Ensures transparency and compliance in international transfers. - Covers contracts, payments, and regulatory checks. - **Key aspects**: - International transfers occur between associations. - Registration via TMS ensures adherence to FIFA rules. 4. **Registration Periods**: - Governed by Article 6 of the RSTP. - Associations define two annual transfer windows for men's and women's football. - TMS enforces compliance, halting transfers outside registration periods. 5. **Loans**: - **Key provisions** (Article 10 RSTP): - Maximum loan duration: 1 year. - No sub-loans permitted. - Loans must be registered in TMS. 6. **Trials**: - **Conditions** (Article 19ter RSTP): - Purpose: Evaluate players. - Duration: 8 weeks for players under 21; 3 weeks for those older. - Strict regulations for minors, including parental consent. 7. **Bridge Transfers**: - Transfers involving an intermediary club (Club B) before moving to the intended club (Club C). - FIFA prohibits such arrangements if not for legitimate purposes (Article 5 RSTP). 8. **Minor Players**: - General prohibition on international transfers of players under 18. - **Exceptions**: - Parental relocation for non-football reasons. - EU/EEA transfers for players aged 16-18. - Humanitarian grounds and exchange programs. 9. **Third-Party Ownership (TPO) and Influence (TPI)**: - **TPO**: - Prohibits third parties from owning players\' economic rights (Article 18ter RSTP). - **TPI**: - Prevents third parties from influencing clubs\' policies or player transfers (Article 18bis RSTP). - Violations result in disciplinary action by FIFA. 10. **Useful Documents**: - FIFA RSTP (June 2024 edition) - Explanatory notes on loans, registration, and minor players. - FIFA Manual on TPO and TPI. **Key Takeaways** - FIFA's legal framework is comprehensive, covering governance, compliance, and the regulation of player movements. - Systems like TMS ensure transparency in international transfers. - Strict rules govern sensitive issues such as minor players, loans, and third-party ownership. **[Labor & Sports law:]** 1. **Introduction to Labor and Sports Law**: - Sports law combines traditional legal disciplines with sports-specific rules and regulations. - Labor law ensures contractual stability, safeguards workers' rights, and balances stakeholder interests in sports. 2. **General Overview of Labor Law**: - Covers employment relationships, wages, working conditions, unions, health and safety, and collective bargaining. - Labor law's relevance in sports arises from balancing club, player, and regulatory body interests. 3. **Sports-Specific Elements of Labor Law**: - Contractual agreements: Employment and transfer agreements. - Player rights: Freedom of movement, fundamental rights, and gender equality. - Termination of contracts, disciplinary issues, and player eligibility. - Focus on safeguarding children, gender-specific provisions, and the labor market. 4. **Historical Context**: - **Bosman Case (1995)**: Landmark decision establishing the free movement of workers and altering the transfer system in football. - Post-Bosman: Abolished transfer fees for out-of-contract players, enhancing player mobility across the EU. 5. **FIFA Rules and Regulations**: - Key documents: FIFA Statutes, Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players (RSTP), Disciplinary Code, and Code of Ethics. - Labor law elements include contractual stability, non-discrimination, and subsidiarity to Swiss labor law principles. 6. **Employment Relationships in Sports**: - Essential contract elements: Duration, subordination, personal performance, and wages. - Special provisions for minors, female players (e.g., maternity leave), and contract negotiation protocols. - Pre-contracts and their legal implications. 7. **FIFA RSTP (2024 Edition)**: - Contractual stability: Ensures agreements are respected. - Just cause termination: Conditions under which a contract can be terminated. - Compensation: Residual value, mitigated compensation, and additional clauses. - Training rewards and solidarity mechanisms: Compensation for clubs training young players. 8. **Recent Reforms**: - **Protection for Coaches**: Inclusion in FIFA regulations. - **Female Players**: New provisions for maternity, adoption, and health rights. - **Loan Provisions**: New limits on loan durations and sub-loaning to prevent player hoarding. - **Safeguarding and Child Protection**: FIFA Guardians Program and dedicated regulations. 9. **Pending Legal Case**: - **Lassana Diarra Case (CJEU)**: Questions whether FIFA's RSTP provisions on contract termination conflict with EU law. 10. **Labor Law Dispute Resolution**: - FIFA Football Tribunal: - Handles international disputes involving contracts, training compensation, and agents. - Decisions can be appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). - National courts: Certain disputes can be resolved through National Dispute Resolution Chambers (NDRC). **Key Takeaways** - Labor law's role in sports ensures fairness, protects rights, and fosters contractual stability. - FIFA regulations align with labor law principles to govern employment relationships, transfers, and disputes. - Ongoing reforms aim to address evolving issues, including gender equality, safeguarding, and competitive balance. **[Formula 1]**  **Formula 1 Events and Locations**: - Lists various Grand Prix events, including locations such as Melbourne (Australian GP), Hockenheim (German GP), Catalunya (Spanish GP), Shanghai (Chinese GP), Monaco, Silverstone (British GP), and others. - Includes events from multiple years, particularly around 2018-2019.  **Formula 1 Ecosystem**: - Describes the components of the F1 ecosystem, including drivers, sponsors, manufacturers, and teams. - Mentions Bernie Ecclestone and Liberty Media, suggesting a timeline or evolution of management. - Highlights aspects like entertainment, media rights, digital environments, social media, and e-sports.  **TV Rights and Media Evolution**: - Discusses changes in media consumption: - Open TV. - Digital TV. - OTT (Over-The-Top streaming services) and multi-device platforms (mobile, PC, tablet). - Notes the \"new era\" of TV rights distribution.  **Ticketing Evolution**: - Tracks how ticketing methods evolved: - Pre-2000s: Physical tickets at box offices. - 2000s onwards: Introduction of e-commerce, digital marketing, and social media integration. - Mentions specific platforms like Serviticket and LKXA. - Focus on digital marketing and promotional strategies in 2016-2019.  **Ticket Sales Statistics**: - Graphical representation of F1 ticket sales from 1991 to 2018. - Highlights peak years and trends, possibly influenced by economic conditions or notable F1 drivers (e.g., Fernando Alonso).  **Audience Data**: - Audience trends for TV broadcasters like Movistar, Telecinco, Antena 3, and La Sexta. - Compares audience engagement between free-to-air and pay-per-view (PPV) models. - Includes audience figures and changes over years.  **Economic Context**: - Discusses how ticket sales were influenced by the economic crisis and periods of economic prosperity.  **Driver and Team Dynamics**: - Mentions specific teams like McLaren, Ferrari, and Renault. - References a timeline of notable achievements and struggles in the career of Fernando Alonso, tying it to audience interest and ticket sales.  **Key Trends and Metrics**: - Multiple charts showing: - Ticket sales. - TV audiences. - Economic impact on F1 events. - Highlights the shift in audience habits and commercial strategies over the years.  **Logos and Branding**: - Includes the Formula 1 logo and possibly some visual branding elements for events and sponsors. **[La Liga:]** **La Liga Overview:** - La Liga is highlighted as a global football leader featuring: - **Top Clubs**: - Two of the world\'s most popular clubs play in La Liga. - **European Trophies**: - Success in UEFA competitions over the past decade, including: - UEFA Champions League. - UEFA Europa League. - UEFA Super Cup. - UEFA Conference League. **2. Ballon d'Or Winners:** - **Dominance Since 2009**: - La Liga players have won the Ballon d'Or every year except one since 2009. - **Winners**: - Lionel Messi: 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2019, 2021, 2023. - Cristiano Ronaldo: 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017. - Luka Modric: 2018. - Karim Benzema: 2022. **3. International Strategy:** - Focus on expanding La Liga\'s global footprint through: - **Institutional Initiatives**: - Building relationships with international sports and governmental bodies. - **Marketing**: - Leveraging global campaigns to attract diverse audiences. - **Audiovisual Experience**: - High-quality broadcast innovations to improve viewer experience worldwide. - **Digital Communications**: - Social media and local-language content to enhance fan engagement. - **\'Glocal\' Activations**: - Combining global branding with local cultural adaptations. - **Support for Clubs**: - Comprehensive assistance before and during matches. **4. TV Rights Market:** - **Evolution of TV Rights**: - Transition from traditional Pay-TV to a mix of Pay-TV and OTT services. - La Liga developed its own **OTT platform** with dual objectives: - Defensive strategy for Spain. - Expansion strategy for international markets. **5. Thailand Case Study:** - **Key Partnerships**: - Collaborations with: - Thai League. - Football Association of Thailand. - Sports Authority of Thailand. - **CSR Projects**: - AV Academy (Surat Thani). - Second Chance (Koh Kret). - **Localized Campaigns**: - Digital unboxing events. - Social media collaborations in the Thai language. - **On-Site Media Engagement**: - Local tournaments and celebrations. - Michelin-star La Liga Tapas Festival. **6. Social Media Presence:** - **Follower Growth**: - From 3.9M followers in 2013/14 to over 200M by 2022/23. - **Localized Content**: - Platforms include Facebook, Twitter, and LINE, customized for regions like Thailand. - **Comparison with European Competitions**: - Social media metrics demonstrate La Liga's dominance in digital engagement. **7. Marketing and Events:** - **Licensing Agreement**: - Annual festival-style events combining football and music. - Each event hosted in a different city and stadium. - **Key Metrics from 2022/23**: - 3 toolkits delivered. - 52 events organized. - 901 direct impacts. - 851 club-focused actions across 42 teams. **8. Outcomes and Impacts:** - **Media Engagement**: - 7,884 impacts across 58 territories. - 39% coverage from non-sports media outlets. - 29 international press trips involving 10 clubs. - **Social Engagement**: - 29 countries engaged through videocalls and digital campaigns. **9. Challenges and Future Goals:** - **Next Steps for TV Rights**: - Dominance of OTT services as a key revenue and engagement platform. - La Liga\'s strategy to adapt to a hybrid OTT and Pay-TV model by 2029. **[International competitions and commercial rights:]** **Structure and Governance in Sports:** **Sport vs. Discipline:** - Explains the difference between a sport (broad category) and a discipline (specific subset of the sport). **Federated Sport:** - Hierarchical governance levels: - **National Federation** - **Continental Federation** - **International Federation** - **IOC (International Olympic Committee)** **Commercial Rights:** **Types of Contracts:** 1. **Sponsorship Contracts**: - **Key Elements**: - Object of the agreement. - Temporal scope. - Territorial scope. - Material scope (exclusivity or not). - Fees. - Confidentiality. - Force majeure. - Governing law and jurisdiction. - Causes and consequences of non-compliance. - **Sponsorship Benefits**: - Naming rights and logo use. - Advertising exposure (e.g., LED displays, backdrops). - Rights for promotional activities (e.g., trophy tours, game activations). - Hospitality rights (e.g., ticketing and VIP access). 2. **Licensing Contracts**: - **Key Elements**: - Scope of the license. - Product or service classification. - Exclusivity. - Sublicense rights. - Approval and control requirements. - Obligations for product commercialization. - Liability for damages. - Fees and royalty arrangements. **Sponsorship and Media Integration:** - **Benefits for Sponsors**: - Use of league and club logos. - Advertising rights through newsletters, media, and digital platforms. - Promotional opportunities, including in-game activations. - Hospitality and VIP access for events. - **Media and Digital Integration**: - Promotion through platforms like YouTube. - GDPR-compliant email marketing and database engagement. **Image Rights:** - Differentiation between: - **Collective Image Rights**: Shared rights across teams or organizations. - **Individual Image Rights**: Rights specific to individual athletes. **Case Study: Euroleague Basketball:** - Contractual agreements with clubs for participation in Euroleague competitions. - Includes rights for naming, advertising, and licensing specific to the basketball ecosystem. **Sensitive Sectors:** - Covers regulated areas, such as: - Betting. - Sports apparel. - Ethical considerations for sponsorship and compliance. **Legal Considerations in Contracts:** - Critical clauses include: - Governing law and jurisdiction. - Force majeure. - Confidentiality. - Consequences of non-compliance. **[Santiago 2023 Pan American and Parapan American Games:]** **Organizational Details:** - **Leadership**: Harold Mayne-Nicholls (Executive Director). - **Mission**: Deliver a high-quality, community-driven event while creating a legacy of social transformation. - **Vision**: Unite Chile and the Americas through sport, with an emphasis on inspiration and inclusion. - **Values**: - **Passion**: Strong conviction and effort. - **Perseverance**: Steadfastness in challenges. - **Inclusion**: Welcoming diversity. - **Determination**: Purposeful action. - **Excellence**: Professional commitment. **Key Achievements and Events:** 1. **Volunteer Participation**: - Over 15,000 volunteers contributed to the event. - National engagement included more than 35,000 applicants. 2. **Collaborative Agreements**: - Partnerships with Metro, Antofagasta Minerals, and Colbún for logistics and funding. 3. **Pan American Village**: - Location: Cerrillos, Santiago. - Infrastructure: - 17 residential towers with 1,355 apartments. - Accommodated 8,000 residents, including accessible apartments. - Integrated with a social housing plan. 4. **Notable Milestones**: - Family runs and cultural events were organized to foster community engagement. - Inclusion agreements, such as the Parapan American commitment to non-discrimination. **Venues:** 1. **Main Venues**: - **Parque Estadio Nacional**: 59 hectares featuring state-of-the-art facilities: - Paralympic Training Center. - Aquatic Sports Center. - Mario Recordón Athletics Center. - Urban Sports Center. - Other locations included Parque Peñalolén, Punta de Lobos, and venues in Valparaíso. 2. **Accessibility**: - Modernized venues equipped with inclusive infrastructure. **Sponsorships and Funding:** - **Sponsors**: - 34 traditional sponsors and 8 institutional partners. - Total sponsorship revenue: \$20,322,892 USD (net). - **Country Image**: - Leveraged sponsorships to enhance Chile's global image. **Ticketing Statistics:** 1. **Pan American Games**: - **Total Tickets Issued**: 1,327,894. - **Breakdown**: - 778,970 tickets sold. - 222,501 free tickets. - 326,423 contractual tickets. - **Revenue**: CLP 5.047 billion (\~\$4.77 million USD). - **Attendance**: - Average 80% attendance across events. - Athletics: 279,630 tickets. - Football: 255,350 tickets. - Volleyball: 206,549 tickets. - Attendance tripled compared to Lima 2019 (1.3M vs. 517,000 attendees). 2. **Parapan American Games**: - **Total Tickets Issued**: 273,287 (out of 333,702 available). - **Attendance**: 82% average. - **Revenue**: CLP 551.5 million (\~\$521,719 USD). - Popular disciplines: Wheelchair basketball, wheelchair tennis, and para-athletics. **Broadcast and Audience:** - **Live Coverage**: - 12,000 hours of Full HD broadcasting. - Simultaneous streaming of 110 video signals. - Total audience: Nearly 200 million viewers globally. - **Digital Reach**: - Chilevisión: 11.8 million viewers (73% of Chile's population). - Canal 13 (13Go, T13 en Vivo): 3.5 million streams. - TVN: 24horas.cl reached 17.3 million page views, TVN.cl had 6.3 million views, and YouTube totaled 13.4 million visits. **Technological Innovations:** 1. **Cybersecurity**: - AI-enabled systems detected and blocked 9,220 potential threats in real time. 2. **Wi-Fi Infrastructure**: - Equivalent to providing 33,038 days of uninterrupted connectivity. 3. **Streaming**: - Seamless broadcasting across all venues, a first for Chile. **Legacy:** 1. **Sports Legacy**: - **Training and Equipment**: - \$12 million USD invested in sports equipment. - Trained 740 new technical officials and 1,500 sports management professionals. - **Broadcast Academy**: 113 students trained. - Chilean athlete participation doubled from Lima 2019, with 698 athletes competing. 2. **Urban Legacy**: - **Pan American Village**: - Accessible housing with modern infrastructure. - Integrated with Metro and Parque Metropolitano. - **Parque Estadio Nacional**: - Positioned as one of Latin America's most significant urban sports parks. 3. **Social Legacy**: - **Cultural Impact**: - Pan American Torch Relay and other programs engaged thousands. - "Conoce a tu estrella" program inspired children through sports. - **Volunteer Impact**: - Strong national commitment with over 35,000 applicants. **Safety and Labor Contributions:** - **Safety**: - Zero fatal accidents during the event\'s planning and execution. - **Employment**: - Generated over 1,340 labor contracts under Chilean law. - Engaged 22,203 collaborators across 162 contracting companies. **[Big data and analytics:]** - **Big Data Definition**: - Refers to large-scale, complex data collections beyond human memory capacity. - Recent advancements: - Faster, high-capacity computing. - Increased data collection and digitalization. - Key methods, such as Logistic Regression, date back over 100 years. - **Use of Big Data**: - Solves problems like classification, regression, sentiment analysis, and image generation. - Introduces AI tools like ChatGPT and DALL-E. **Machine Learning (ML) Modeling:** - **Supervised Learning**: - Uses labeled data (e.g., predicting a duck vs. pig). - Applications: Binary classification (e.g., \"Chihuahua vs muffin\") and multi-class classification. - **Unsupervised Learning**: - Identifies patterns in unlabeled data (e.g., clustering similar plants). - **ML Lifecycle**: - Starts with training models on labeled data. - Evaluates models on new, unseen data. **Data Analytics Roles:** - Describes roles such as: - **Data Scientists**: Design predictive models. - **Data Engineers**: Build data pipelines. - **Analysts**: Generate actionable insights. **Sports Analytics:** 1. **Applications**: - Ticketing, fan engagement, retail logistics, and match-day crowd management. - Enhancing museum experiences with data. 2. **Baseball**: - "Moneyball" approach by Oakland A's: - Focus on simple, statistically relevant metrics like OBP (On-Base Percentage) and SLG (Slugging Percentage). - Overcame biases in scouting. **Football Analytics:** - **Challenges**: - Complex interactions of 22 players. - Ambiguity in metrics like ball possession. - **Types of Data**: - **Event Data**: - Manually tagged actions like shots, tackles, and fouls. - **Tracking Data**: - Tracks player and ball movements 25 times/second, resulting in \~3.5 million observations per match. - **Contextual Data**: - Includes player sleep, hydration, medical records, and stress levels. **Advanced Metrics:** 1. **Expected Goals (xG)**: - Predicts goal likelihood based on shot distance, angle, and context (e.g., cross or counter-attack). 2. **Post-Shot Expected Goals (PSxG)**: - Evaluates shot quality after it leaves the player\'s boot. - Highlights clinical finishers and overperforming goalkeepers. 3. **Pitch Control**: - Quantifies space ownership on the field. - Useful for understanding player positioning and tactical setups. 4. **Expected Possession Value (EPV)**: - Estimates scoring/conceding probabilities based on possession phases. - Tracks player contributions beyond goals. **FC Barcelona Analytics:** - **Off-Ball Actions**: - Measures player impact without possession, such as advantageous positioning. - **Dynamic Formations**: - Analyzes team setups in short timeframes (e.g., 4-3-3 or 4-4-2). - **Defensive Responsibility**: - Assigns accountability for defensive events based on spatial dynamics. **Communication:** - **Challenges**: - Coaches must process vast amounts of data in limited time. - Key strategies: - Use iterative processes to ensure understanding. - Employ visual aids like video. - **Tools**: - Transition from static PDFs to dynamic web applications for real-time insights. **[Sports tech:]** **1. Introduction to SportsTech:** - Defines SportsTech as the intersection of sports and technology. - Sports Context: - 40 Olympic Sports. - Over 200 recognized sports with national or international federations. - Estimated 8,000+ sports played globally. - Technology Context: - Focus on innovations improving sports experiences for fans, athletes, and executives. **2. Global Overview: Facts & Figures:** - **Market Insights**: - \$37 billion+ in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) deals in 2024, surpassing 2023 figures. - 65% of total investments in 2024 directed toward fan-focused solutions. - **Investor Landscape**: - Growing involvement of athletes as investors and startup founders. **3. Key Trends:** - **Athlete-Driven Ventures**: Significant increase in athlete-founded startups and their participation as investors. - **Fan Engagement**: Strong emphasis on fan experience platforms, accounting for 65% of investments. - **Expansion of Unicorns**: - 35 SportsTech unicorns identified in 2024, up from 32 in 2023. - Examples include Fanatics, Sportradar, and WHOOP. **4. Use Cases Across Sectors:** - **For Athletes**: - **Activity & Performance**: - Wearables and sports equipment for tracking and improving performance. - Software for analytics, training, recovery, and injury prevention. - **For Fans**: - Content platforms (streaming, news). - Fan engagement solutions (merchandise, fantasy sports, betting). - **For Executives**: - Management tools for teams, leagues, and facilities. - Media production and sponsorship platforms. **5. Case Studies:** - **WHOOP**: - Founded in 2012; focuses on health metrics and recovery insights for athletes. - Pioneered a subscription model and achieved a \$3.68 billion valuation by 2021. - **Fanatics**: - Transitioned from merchandise reselling to a direct-to-consumer platform. - Valued at \$31 billion in 2022, with aspirations to become a \$100 billion empire. - **Sportradar**: - Provides sports data and analytics for 83 sports across 120 countries. - Official data provider for major leagues like the NBA and Bundesliga. - Went public in 2021 at a valuation of €6.6 billion. **Educational Elements:** - Encourages attendees to explore SportsTech companies by creating 300-500 word summaries on selected companies, focusing on: - Company overview. - Unique selling proposition (USP). - Technological impact. - Global branding. **Key Takeaways:** - **SportsTech Framework**: - Categorized solutions for athletes, fans, and executives. - **Investment Trends**: - Surge in fan-focused and athlete-driven innovations. - **Market Expansion**: - Growth of SportsTech unicorns despite global economic challenges.