IRD 1 Storyboard.docx

SCREEN #1: INTRODUCTION TO IRD This session in Immediate Rapid Deployment (IRD) delves into: Legislation, Definitions, and Historical Evolution of IRD. Why are we teaching IRD at OPC? Historically, individual police services conducted their training. Although they adhered to best practices for tacti...

SCREEN #1: INTRODUCTION TO IRD This session in Immediate Rapid Deployment (IRD) delves into: Legislation, Definitions, and Historical Evolution of IRD. Why are we teaching IRD at OPC? Historically, individual police services conducted their training. Although they adhered to best practices for tactics and principles, there's a shift towards delivering a standardized initial response for frontline officers to ensure uniformity and effectiveness. Your training in IRD has been structured into three distinct phases: an in-depth theory phase, a hands-on practical skills and technique phase, and a rigorous evaluation phase to ensure understanding and application. You will learn the theory here online, and when you arrive on-site at OPC, you will begin your practical skills training and evaluations. Learning outcomes: By the end of this module, learners will be able to: Define the key terms immediate rapid deployment and active attacker Identify the legislation and standards in responding to active attacker incidents Describe examples of active attacker situations and identify the lessons learned Key terms: Immediate Rapid Deployment Active Attacker Screen #3: What is Immediate Rapid Deployment? Immediate Rapid deployment is: "is the immediate, swift deployment of law enforcement officers to ongoing, life threatening situations where delayed deployment could otherwise result in death or serious bodily harm to innocent persons” Let’s break this definition down: What does immediate mean in an IRD context? Obviously immediate means “right now”, but in this context it means that you may not have the luxury of waiting for back up. You may have to deploy as a solo officer. What does swift deployment mean? In the IRD context, this is a balance between speed and safety. Safety is achieved by employing IRD tactics that we will discuss and practice throughout your training. What does life threatening mean? In the IRD context, life threatening means that if officers do not respond immediately and swiftly deploy, there will be continued loss of life. The primary objective of IRD is to “stop the shooting, stop the dying”. This can be achieved through a variety of outcomes. We will discuss the potential outcomes in the next module. Screen #4: What is an ‘Active Attacker’? An "active attacker" is defined as an individual who appears to be engaged in, or on the verge of initiating an attack. There should be reason to believe that the attack will be sustained, the attacker will inflict serious harm or death, and if not stopped, the attacker will continue to target more individuals. The exact wording of the definition from the proposed CSPA (2019) regulation is: “In this Regulation, “active attacker” means an individual who appears to be engaged in, attempting to engage in, or about to engage in an attack where there is reason to suspect that, (a) the attack will be sustained, (b) the attacker will cause serious bodily harm or death to other individuals, and (c) the attacker will continue to attack more individuals if the attacker is not stopped.” Screen #5: The Legislation The proposed CSPA of 2019 is instrumental in setting the benchmark for adequate and effective policing, especially when responding to incidents involving an active attacker. The exact wording of the proposed standard in the regulation is: “2. For the purposes of subsection 11 (1) of the Act, sections 3 and 4 establish the standard for adequate and effective policing that apply in responding to an incident involving an active attacker.” The Standard in Responding to Incidents Involving an Active Attacker In incidents involving an active attacker, it's imperative for police officers to be deployed immediately. The priorities during such a critical incident are clear: first, to stop the active attacker, then to preserve life, and finally, to restore order and safety. The exact wording regarding immediate deployment in the regulation is: “3. (1) Police officers shall be deployed immediately to an incident involving an active attacker. (2) The response priorities in an incident involving an active attacker are to do the following in the following order: 1. To stop the active attacker. 2. To preserve life. 3. To restore order.” Screen #6: Assistance to Victims The regulation also states that it is of paramount importance to provide immediate assistance to victims of an active attacker and their families. This includes timely referrals to emergency services, healthcare professionals, victim support agencies, social service agencies, and other relevant organizations to ensure their well-being and recovery. The exact wording in the regulation is: “4. Assistance shall be provided to victims of an active attacker and their families, as soon as practicable, including the provision of referrals that are appropriate in the circumstances to emergency services, health care professionals, victim support agencies, social service agencies and other appropriate governmental, non-governmental or community organizations.” [callout box] Have you considered? An active attacker’s family can be victimized by the actions of the attacker. Not only are they left to deal with the mental anguish as a result of the incident but are also often targeted by the attacker. Screen #7: Equipment Every police officer on patrol duty should be equipped with at least one tourniquet and one pressure bandage or trauma dressing. Additionally, officers should have ready access to breaching tools like battering rams, bolt cutters, and Halligan tools. Patrol vehicles should also be stocked with specific equipment, including breaching tools and hard body armor, to ensure officers are prepared for any situation. The exact wording regarding equipment in the regulation is: “5. (1) Every police officer who performs patrol functions shall be issued at least one tourniquet and at least one pressure bandage or trauma dressing. (2) Every police officer who is performing patrol functions, and who may be required to respond to an incident involving an active attacker, shall have ready access to a battering ram and bolt cutters, and Halligan tool, that may be carried in a supervisor’s vehicle. (3) The following must be stored in every motor vehicle that is being used by police officers performing patrol functions: 1. a minimum of one tool capable of breaching such as a battering ram, bolt cutters, axe, pry bar, sledgehammer, or Halligan tool. 2. Hard body armour, for each officer performing patrol functions using the vehicle while it is in use, that the National Institute of Justice of the United States Department of Justice has classified as Type III or Type IV using its methodology for assessing ballistic performance.” Screen #9: Introduction Examples In this section of the module, we will discuss several examples of active attacker situations. We are sharing these examples to showcase the evolution of where and why IRD started and how we have arrived at our current approach to dealing with active attackers. The examples we will discuss are: Columbine High School Dawson College Ecole Polytechnique Virginia Tech Century 16 Theatre Stoneman Douglas High School Screen #10: Columbine High School The tragic shooting at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado, on April 20, 1999, is a grim reminder of the importance of Immediate Rapid Deployment. This incident resulted in the death of 13 innocent individuals and left 24 others injured. Watch this video which provides an overview of the incident. Pay attention to the words that come across the screen in this video. [input video] This video provides some context from police officers who responded to the incident. [input video] The watershed moment from which our original tactics were created. They had a plan, but it was the wrong plan. They treated this as an armed barricade because at this time they didn’t have the understanding that there is no negotiating with someone who only has the goal of killing people. This is the timeline of events: In this incident the two attackers had 49 minutes of unopposed access to victims. The attackers eventually achieved their goal and end this shooting spree by taking their own lives. Regardless, it still took another hour to enter the building which can be argued led to victims succumbing to their injuries. Screen #11: Dawson College The shooting at Dawson College in Montreal, Quebec, on September 13, 2006, which spanned a mere 7 minutes, led to the death of one individual and injured 19 others. The swift response of two officers played a crucial role in changing the attacker's focus, potentially saving many lives. This is the timeline of events: In contrast to Columbine, in this incident, the officers were already close by and responded swiftly to engage with the active attacker. This immediate engagement forced the attacker to focus on police; as a result, it prevented further death and injury. Screen #13: Virginia Tech The Virginia Tech shooting in Blacksburg, Virginia, on April 16, 2007, is another example of an active attacker incident. The incident at the second location lasted 11 minutes, resulting in the loss of 32 lives and injuring 17 individuals, making it one of the deadliest school shootings in U.S. history. This is the timeline of events: In this incident, the attacker had chained the three entryways from the inside. The officers weren’t prepared and didn’t have the proper tools to gain entry. As a result, the attacker had an additional unopposed five minutes. Police eventually entered through an alternate entry point and the shooter committed suicide. This is why an introduction to mechanical breaching has been integrated into the IRD program at OPC. Screen #14: Century 16 Theatre The shooting at the Century 16 Theatre in Aurora, Colorado, on July 20, 2012, is a stark reminder of the importance of training and preparedness. You may recognize this as the midnight showing of The Dark Knight Rises. The incident, which lasted 7 minutes, resulted in 12 deaths and left 70 individuals injured. Watch this video to view an overview of the incident [input video]: This is the timeline of events: In contrast to the previous examples, the attacker was captured at the scene. The overwhelming number of victims highlighted the need for advanced life-saving techniques and training for patrol officers. This is why casualty management has been integrated into the IRD training at OPC. Screen #15: Stoneman Douglas High School The last example in this module is the shooting at Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, on February 14, 2018. The incident lasted 6 minutes, leading to the tragic death of 17 individuals and injuring 17 others. Despite all of the lessons learned, this event which took place recently in 2018 is a grim reminder of what potentially can happen if officers don’t immediately respond. This is the timeline of events: Newspaper Article from The South Florida Sun Sentinel – December 28, 2018 Unprepared and overwhelmed A gunman with an AR-15 fired the bullets, but a series of blunders, bad policies, sketchy training and poor leadership helped him succeed. Information reported over 10 months by the South Florida Sun Sentinel reveals 58 minutes of chaos on campus marked by no one taking charge, deputies dawdling, false information spreading, communications paralyzed and children stranded with nowhere to hide. The poor response to this incident led to significant changes in tactics and training. Screen #16: Lessons Learned Several critical lessons were gleaned from these tragic incidents. These examples underscore the importance of rigorous training the undeniable need for an immediate response the necessity for front-line breaching capabilities the importance of training officers in advanced life-saving techniques Reflection Question Read about the Uvalde (May 24, 2022) and Nashville (March 27, 2023) shootings. In your memo book, note which of these two incidents follows/aligns with the definition of Immediate Rapid Deployment and provide a reason for why or why not. Both (yes/no) - provide a reason for why/why not. Screen #17: CYUs Fill in the blanks for both IRD and active attacker (see leg above) Which case illustrates the need for breaching equipment (Virginia Tech) Which case highlights the need for casualty management training (Aurora) Despite the loss of life and injury, what did officers do to keep casualties to a minimum at Dawson College? [immediately engaged with the shooter]