Introduction to Radiology fourth year kabale .pptx

Introduction to Radiology Dr. Mugisha Mwesigwa Alex Mmed. Rad Introduction to Radiology Radiology What it is Who we are What we do Our tools Definition A medical specialty using medical imaging to diagnoses and treat patients Meaning? Most times…you’...

Introduction to Radiology Dr. Mugisha Mwesigwa Alex Mmed. Rad Introduction to Radiology Radiology What it is Who we are What we do Our tools Definition A medical specialty using medical imaging to diagnoses and treat patients Meaning? Most times…you’ll find the radiologist in a dark room looking at images computers Not all the time; Radiation oncology Interventional radiology Nuclear medicine Sonography A widely varied discipline Multiple subspecialties IR NM Neuro Breast GastroIntestinal CV Rad Oncology Tools X-ray Fluoroscopy Mammography Computerized tomography Ultrasound Magnetic Resonance Imaging Nuclear Imaging Ultrasound Terms Echogenecity (hypo, iso, hyper) Shadowing Colour flow No radiation Can be portable Relatively inexpensive Conventional Radiography “X ray” Terms Opacity Radio-opaque Radio-lucent Observable features Metal Bone Soft tissue Gas/Air Fluoroscopy Terms Filling defects Opacification Dynamic study; real time Radiation dose dependent on time  Computerized tomography Terms Attenuation Density (Hyper, Hypo, Iso) Enhancement Hounsefield Units -1000 Air -100 Fat 0 water 20-30 soft tissues 100+ bone, Contrast, blood >1000 Metal Has a high radiation dose Magnetic Resonance Imaging Terms Signal intensity Sequence (T1, T2…) Enhancement No radiation Strong magnetic field Relatively time consuming Nuclear medicine Terms Counts or activity( low or high) It is physiologic imaging Radionuclides Radiopharmaceuticals Radioactivity stays in the patient until it decays or is cleared Ionizing radiation X-ray machines, Fluoroscopy, Mammography and computerized tomography Nuclear medicine All produce ionizing radiation (Can charge an atom) Gamma rays in NM X-rays in the others.  …If a study wont help your clinical decision making… Its better to rethink its need. When will you interact with Radiology Undergraduate rotation Any time you read a report on a study As part of your rounds When rads call for more information about a study When you call to consult on a study