Internet_4d011099daeeb50dfa591c60175c8a16.pdf

 By: Phumlani Simelane 1. PLEASE ALL CELLPHONES OFF OR PUT THEM ON SILENT DURING LECTURES 2. DON’T BE LATE FOR CLASS4. DON’T MAKE NOISE IN CLASS 6. TAKE NOTES AND ASK QUESTIONS 2 Aim/Purpose: To provide students with Busines...

 By: Phumlani Simelane 1. PLEASE ALL CELLPHONES OFF OR PUT THEM ON SILENT DURING LECTURES 2. DON’T BE LATE FOR CLASS4. DON’T MAKE NOISE IN CLASS 6. TAKE NOTES AND ASK QUESTIONS 2 Aim/Purpose: To provide students with Business Analysis tools and methodologies to solve business related problems 3  Definition What is the Internet? What is needed to connect to the Internet? The World Wide Web (WWW) The Internet is a worldwide computer network, consisting of computers and networks that are linked using telephone lines, undersea cables, satellite or microwave for the purpose of communication and sharing of resources.  Every computer that connects to the Internet or in a network must have its own unique IP (Internet Protocol) address. The word ‘protocol’ means a ‘rule for communication’. Computer / other Internet connection Internet-enabled device Internet Service Provider Wired Wireless connection connection–  The World Wide Web is a service that runs on the Internet and consists of a vast collection of interlinked, interactive documents stored on computers all over the world, accessed via the  Internet. Web page – electronic document on Website - Web related web pages Home page – st 1 page of web site Hyperlink – built -in connection t o another web page Web server – website must be hosted here  URL or web address Uniform Resource Locator (URL) Domain Name www. Site name. Type of. Geographical organization location www. studyopportunities co. za... com www facebook. cia. gov www.. co. uk www gamesdomain. com wiki.answers. org en.wikipedia Types Portal website Selection of Internet services from one convenient location Many are also Internet Service Providers who offer some of these services on their sites.  Types of websites News website Contains material relating to current events, news, sport,. weather and exchange rates.  Many magazines and newspapers maintain websites that contain summaries of articles from the printed version and even articles not found in the printed version  Types of websites Informational website Most government institutions have an informational website.. These websites contain census and tax information as well as factual information that can be used for research purposes.  Types of websites Business or marketing website A business or marketing website contains information about. selling a product or service. Examples include: Woolworths, Pick and Pay, Kulula, SAA, Kalahari.net and Telkom  Types of websites Personal website Anyone can develop and maintain their own personal website. to share interests, hobbies and life experiences with the world. Most people these days are using a blog or a social networking site for their personal website..  Types of websites Wiki A wiki is a website that allows for the collaborative editing and. creating of the content of web pages  Types of websites Educational website Educational websites offer ways of formal and informal. learning by means of tutorials and simulations.  Types of websites Entertainment website An entertainment website offer all forms of entertainment. such as online videos, music, sport, gaming and much more. Advocacy website This type of website describes an idea, opinion or cause and usually presents the views of a particular group or association.  Types of websites Web application website A web application is any application that is accessed over the. Internet and is not stored on your local computer.  Types of websites Content aggregator. A content aggregator is a website or application that gathers different web content (such as news, weather, movie reviews, stock prices, etc.) from many different online sources.  Browsing What is a web browser? A web browseris a software application that allows one to view and explore web pages on the Web either via hyperlinks by typing the address in the address bar of the web browser.  Browsing and searching Most web browsers have the following features:  address bar home button search bar tabbed browsing forward button back button stop button Browsing and searching What is a search engine? A search engine is a program that is used to search for documents located on the Internet by using keywords or phrases entered by the user when looking for information. diamond  Browsing and searching Tips for successful searching Step 1: Decide exactly what you want to find. Step 2: Identify keywords. Step 3: Use synonyms. Step 4: Check your spelling. Step 5: Use advanced search options a company that has a permanent, fast connection to the Internet and sell access 23 and services for a monthly fee 34  E-mail Web page hosting Wireless and wired Internet access Fax-to-e-mail Spam filtering Most people would preferbroadband–a high -speed, high-bandwidth connection to 25 36 the Internet. Criteria Speed of Shaped Mobility the line or Cap and connection unshaped Wired connections – ADSL A permanent digital connection to the Internet that operates through a fixed landline. Advertised Maximum download speed Maximum upload speed speed Kbps Mbps Kbps Mbps 1 MB 1024 Kbps 01.00 Mbps 512 Kbps 00.50 Mbps 512 Kb512 Kbps 00.50 Mbps 256 Kbps 00.25 Mbps More bandwidth for downloading than uploading. 38  Wired connections – ADSL Cost of Internet connection includes a monthly ISP cost and a fixed monthly cost for the line rental. Advantages ◦ Make phone calls on your landline and use the line for Internet access at the same time. ◦ A permanent connection which is always on. ◦ Includes WiFi connectivity. Wired connections – ADSL 39 Disadvantages ◦ ADSL may not be available in your area. ◦ Data speed may be limited by your physical location. ◦ Not a mobile solution. Modem / router 40 Data Terminating Devices that use different technologies to send and receive data over different media. Wireless connections – Dedicated WiFi technology (e.g. iBurst or Neotel) 41 You can only access this type of network using a modem supplied by the company. Coverage is limited to where the company has placed radio towers. Wireless connections – The existing cellular technology (3G/4G) 42 These technologies are implemented by a cellular communications company (for example, Vodacom, MTN, 8ta and Cell C) using their existing infrastructure. Wireless connections – The existing cellular technology (3G/4G) 43 Advantages ◦ Mobile access 24/7 to the Internet from anywhere in the world. ◦ Use smartphone or tablet to access the Internet. ◦ No cables to connect to the Internet. Wireless connections – The existing cellular technology (3G/4G) 44 Disadvantages and limitations ◦ Limited or slow access if in area with poor coverage. ◦ No cables to connect to the Internet. ◦ Never escape communication (such as e-mail and browsing). ◦ Online privacy or security could be an issue. A way of 45 connecting to an existing Internet connection (e.g. an ADSL connection) wirelessly. ◦ Multiple devices can connect to a single WiFi access point. ◦ WiFi can provide faster data at a lower cost than if you access the Internet using a 3G connection. ◦ WiFi connection at home: mobile devices use cheaper faster data; devices detect WiFi automatically. 46 Public WiFi (Hotspots or access points): restaurants, hotels, airports and shopping malls provide WiFi connectivity as a service. ◦ ‘Hotspot’ or an ‘access point’. ◦ Protected by a password. ◦ Public WiFi can be free or charged per hour. ◦ Efficient if you are using a laptop and don’t have a 3G modem. People prefer data communication that is as follows: ◦ Always on and everywhere 35  ◦ Fast and reliable ◦ A hassle-free connection 48 People expect their mobile devices: ◦ To be ‘always on’ ◦ To be always connected ◦ To tell you when you are being communicated with via phone, SMS, instant messaging, e-mail or even through services such as VoIP. 49 Most mobile devices have built-in 3G cellular technology and the hardware to connect to any standard WiFi network. ◦ Connect to the Internet using cellular technology whenever there is a cellphone signal available. ◦ Automatically switch over to a WiFi connection whenever one is available because WiFi data is usually faster and cheaper than cellular data. 38 51 IM (Instant Messaging) and chat Mxit, BBM (BlackBerry Messenger Services) and WhatsApp and online applications such as Google Chat, IM facility in Facebook. 40 Advantages ◦ Cost effective. ◦ Chat in real-time with more than one person at a time. ◦ Indicate if available to ‘chat’. ◦ Some applications can be used on a variety of operating systems. Disadvantages and limitations ◦ Leads to anti-social behaviour. ◦ Creates opportunities for cyber-stalking, cyber- bullying and identity theft, etc. ◦ No control to 42 53  ensure that people are who they claim to be. Protocol that allows telephone calls to be made over LANs, WANs and the Internet. Voice is transmitted on a network in the same way in which data is transmitted. Conference call technology. 55 Advantages ◦ VoIP calls are cheaper than normal phone calls. ◦ The software is generally free. ◦ VoIP allows you to transfer files, as well as make video conference calls. Disadvantages ◦ Need an Internet connection; both users need to use the same software. ◦ Need to 56  purchase credits to call phones that are not on the Internet. ◦ Call quality may be poor if you have a slow Internet connection. ◦ You can quickly use up your data cap, especially when using video. Check times zones before calling someone in another country. Only use video when necessary. Use decent 57 headset and microphone. Pay attention to your contact’s status. 58 Video conferencing is an application that allows two or more people to hold online conferences at different locations using a computer network to transmit audio and video as if they were all in the same room. Video conferencing Advantages of video conferencing ◦ People you are 59  communicating with are visible. ◦ Cheaper than normal phone calls or travelling to a meeting. Disadvantages of video conferencing ◦ You need a fast Internet connection. ◦ You use a lot of data (cap) especially when using video. 60 Good practices when video conferencing ◦ Work in a well-lit location. ◦ Make sure what your camera can ‘see’. ◦ Test the sound and video before you make the call. 49  The sharing of resources offered as services over the Internet. The online storage of files The use of programs that run on servers on the Internet (you see the interface to the software in your web browser and use the software as if it is running on your computer) 62  Examples of online software ◦ Amazon ◦ Google Drive – access to web-based word processing, etc. ◦ Gmail and Yahoo! Mail – web-based e-mail 63  services. Advantages ◦ Software is always up -to-date. 64  ◦ Don’t have to download or install any software. ◦ Can use the software and access your data anywhere in the world as long as you have an Internet connection. ◦ Does not take up space on your local computer. ◦ Server may be more powerful than your own CPU. ◦ Can share documents with other users. ◦ Documents automatically get backed up by the system. 65 Disadvantages and limitations ◦ Can only be used effectively if you have a fast, reliable Internet connection. ◦ No longer have full control over the security of your data or backup. ◦ May have to pay a monthly fee. ◦ Software might not have all the features or capabilities of desktop 53  software. ◦ Might run slower, depending on the speed of your Internet connection. Inexpensive way to transfer files, relatively fast method. But: not suitable for large files, some e-mail systems block some file extensions, not always secure, restrictions on the number of recipients, have to send to each recipient. 54  A protocol used for the fast and easy transfer of files between remote computers that have an Internet connection. Files uploaded to FTP server, users download from FTP server. 55 Advantages ◦ Large files can be transferred easily. ◦ Security can be maintained by using a username and password. ◦ Transfer of a file can be scheduled for time  when network is not so busy. 56 Disadvantages and limitations ◦ People do not know how to use FTP. ◦ Connections can be interrupted. ◦ Not all companies have FTP servers. ◦ FTP can be quite 57  technical – people prefer drag and drop facilities. Keeping your data ‘in the cloud’ Install the Regis (generally) free the software 58 Advantages ◦ A a simple, cost-effective method to share and transfer files. ◦ File extensions are not blocked. ◦ The system backs up the files. ◦ You can save space on your local hard drive. ◦ You can use these systems to synchronise (‘sync’) your files. 72 Disadvantages and limitations ◦ The amount of space allocated for saving files is quite small for free usage. ◦ The people you have shared folders with or given access to these files can remove the files by mistake. 60 73 A system whereby the resources of different computers are shared and used at the same time to solve a single problem. Uses distributed processingwhere the processing that is necessary to solve a problem is distributed amongst computers, which increases the total processing power. Used for scientific or technical applications that require large amounts of data to be processed, or high processing power. Examples ◦ A scientist studying scientific concepts has the ability to use an entire network of computers in order to analyse data. ◦ A businessman has the ability to access an entire network of computers in order to forecast the growth of particular stock. 62 75 Advantages ◦ Offers a cost-effective solution and the ability to use many resources. ◦ Provides a method to solve problems that need an enormous amount of processing power. ◦ Saves both money and resources by utilising the power of ‘idle’ computers. Disadvantages and limitations ◦ A fast network connection between the computers and networks is necessary. ◦ The computers that are used may not be fast enough or might be slowed down. ◦ The computers may 64 be affected by malware infections. 77  Examples Renewal of television licences & post boxes - online Election information accessed online / SMS. Up-to-date info / forms accessed. UIF & tax details added / updated & payments online. Telephone accounts & call logs – Telkom. Educational publications, guidelines & past papers Education Department’s website Advantages ◦ Improved communication. 78  ◦ Better access to services. ◦ No long queues or long travel distances. ◦ Immediate feedback. ◦ Up-to-date information and documents. ◦ Increased efficiency and lower costs. ◦ Smartphones can access many sites and services. ◦ Need for hard copies is reduced – green computing. Obstacles ◦ The Digital Divide. ◦ The initial cost. ◦ Concerns about the security, privacy and use of information. ◦ You’re at the ‘mercy of technology’. 79 ◦ Blame technology for what might actually be human error. ◦ Two systems need to be maintained – the traditional ‘manual’ system and the electronic ‘self-service’ system. 80  WAN Internet Bandwidth Broadband ‘modem Wired: Wireless: ISP /router’ ADSL 3G/4G ‘shaped ‘unshaped Cap WiFi connection’ connection’ Real-time Video Hotspot VoIP messaging conferencing Cloud Online Grid e- FTP computing storage computing Government 81 Thank you…!