Inside the Cell - Mitochondria Structure & Function Handout PDF
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Summary
This handout provides information about the structure and function of mitochondria within cells. It covers topics including the outer and inner membranes, the intermembrane space, the matrix, and the various metabolic reactions that occur within mitochondria. It also touches on mitochondrion function, electron transport, apoptosis, and replication.
Full Transcript
# Mitochondria ## Mitochondria structure - **Outer membrane:** permeable - **Inner membrane:** permeable - **Intermembrane space:** contains high concentration of H+ - **Inner membrane (cristae):** increased surface area - **Matrix:** contains mtDNA and ribosomes ## Mitochondria function (outer/i...
# Mitochondria ## Mitochondria structure - **Outer membrane:** permeable - **Inner membrane:** permeable - **Intermembrane space:** contains high concentration of H+ - **Inner membrane (cristae):** increased surface area - **Matrix:** contains mtDNA and ribosomes ## Mitochondria function (outer/inner membrane) - **Nucleus → RNA → proteins → mitochondria** ## Mitochondria function (matrix, mtDNA, ribosomes) **Metabolic reactions** - **Pyruvate → acetyl CoA** - **Krebs cycle** - **Beta-oxidation** - **Urea cycle** - occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria - **Gluconeogenesis** - occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria - **HEME synthesis** - occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria - **Ketogenesis** ## Miscellaneous transport - **Carbohydrates** - **Fatty Acids:** beta-oxidation - **Amino Acids** ## Electron transport chain (inner membrane) - **H+ → e- → e- O2- → H2O2 (ROS)** - **KADP+PI → ATP synthase** - **ATP → oxidative phosphorylation** ## Apoptosis (programmed cell death) - **Mitochondria release cytochrome c and activate proteases** - **bcl2** ## mtDNA replication + transcription - **mtDNA (15%)** - **70s ribosomes** ## Fission - **A mitochondrion splits into 2 daughter mitochondria**
