INPUT1_continental-drift.pdf

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck u Lutgens Modified by: Ms. Noemie T. Marabella Enhanced Science 10 Teacher S.Y. 2023-2024 Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics Chapter 9 Plate Te...

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck u Lutgens Modified by: Ms. Noemie T. Marabella Enhanced Science 10 Teacher S.Y. 2023-2024 Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics What is a fault? Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics What causes earthquakes? Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics How does tsunami occur? Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics How does an epicenter differ from hypocenter? PANGAEA 9.1 Continental Drift An Idea Before Its Time u Wegener’s Continental Drift Hypothesis stated that the continents had once been joined to form a single supercontinent. Wegener proposed that the supercontinent, Pangaea, began to break apart 200 million years ago and form the present landmasses. Breakup of Pangaea Breakup of Pangaea 9.1 Continental Drift An Idea Before Its Time The Continental Puzzle 9.1 Continental Drift An Idea Before Its Time u EVIDENCE Matching Fossils - Fossil evidence for continental drift includes several fossil organisms found on different landmasses. 9.1 Continental Drift An Idea Before Its Time u EVIDENCE Matching Fossils - Fossil evidence for continental drift includes several fossil organisms found on different landmasses. 9.1 Continental Drift An Idea Before Its Time u Evidence Rock Types and Structures - Rock evidence for continental exists in the form of several mountain belts that end at one coastline, only to reappear on a landmass across the ocean. Ancient Climates Matching Mountain Ranges Glacier Evidence 9.1 Continental Drift Rejecting the Hypothesis u A New Theory Emerges Wegener could not provide an explanation of exactly what made the continents move. News technology lead to findings which then lead to a new theory called plate tectonics. 9.1 Continental Drift Rejecting the Hypothesis u A New Theory Emerges 9.2 Plate Tectonics Earth’s Major Roles u According to the plate tectonics theory, the uppermost mantle, along with the overlying crust, behaves as a strong, rigid layer. This layer is known as the lithosphere. A plate is one of numerous rigid sections of the lithosphere that move as a unit over the material of the asthenosphere. 9.2 Plate Tectonics Earth’s Major Roles ♦The Earth’s crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates ♦Plates move around on top of the mantle like rafts 9.2 Plate Tectonics What is the Lithosphere? The crust and part of the upper mantle = lithosphere – 100 km thick – Less dense than the material below it so it “floats” 9.2 Plate Tectonics What is the Asthenosphere? The plastic layer below the lithosphere = asthenosphere The plates of the lithosphere float on the asthenosphere 9.2 Plate Tectonics 2 Types of Plate u Oceanic plate u Continental plate Review Questions 1. What is the theory of plate tectonics? 2. What is the lithosphere? 3. What is the asthenosphere? 4. What is the connection between the two? 5. What are the two types of plates? QUESTIONS? J