Innate Immune System PDF

 Innate defensives quick reaction · innate · born w it physical barriers" Light junctions at epithelial cells mucous membranes...

 Innate defensives quick reaction · innate · born w it physical barriers" Light junctions at epithelial cells mucous membranes pH (racidikly in stomach) antimicrobial secretion (lysosome in tears internal defences : phagocytosis complement N. Killer cells cytocine secretion Adaptive · humoral Bull cell-mediated ↑ zel  Innate emergency response I always present + functional) instructs acaptive recognizes non-self in non-specific manner no memory capacity doesn't improve w experience /1 adapt Pathogen recognition · pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) encoded in germ line + limited diversity : born w it love set) Toll-like receptors NOD-like receptors · recognise structures shared by classes of microbes pathogen associated molecular pattern /PAMPs ( peptidoglycan Lipopolysaccharide (LPs) ↳ but - recognises gramt) gram() can't differenciate within. Toll-like receptors · 10 types dendritic by cells eg macrophage · expressed on cell surface + membrane of intercellular vessicles  recognition Phagocytosis ↳. ingestion : digestion macrophage most imp. + o neutrophils L of infection following infection cells leave blood -> site Complement · 30 plasma protein circulate inactive L activate of inflamation. w infection : triggers series central D component ↑ classical activation activator of C pathway : mainly activated by complexes containing IgM IgG also : Creative protein Lipopolysaccharide bacterial porins ~ < leads to bacteria Lysis 3 subunite ↑ Cl activates converbase "interacts JC3 C4C2 J forms (a b + Cub + 2a 15 convertase - > Cath  functions of complement I opsinisation : C3b recognised by complement receptor type / (RI//CD35) on phagocyte C5a can activate phagocytosis where C3b is bound to CRI make bacterium more likely to be phagocytosed. "tastier" receptor · triggers extension pseudopodia. · vacuole. 2 cell lysis > membrance attack complex (MAC) 3 Inflammation > (3a C49 (Sa mediators of , , inflammation (anaphylotoxins) ↳ bind to receptors on neutrophi macrophage mast cell basophils endothetical cells L recruit +activate ↑ stimulate adaptive immunity " - · Deficiencies ofComplement deficiency ↑ susceptibility to autoimmune disease · : classical p way 88 % of Cla deficient induduals develop systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) ↑ infection. susceptibility to bac L strep haemophilus influenza  not phagocytes Natural Killer Cells · lymphad uneage · If call invaded by // cell becomes recognise is urus cancerous modified/lost surface structures - PAMP + how they relate to PRRs molecules found on pathogens : tripper immune responses recognised by PRRs. On Immune cells : initiate defense mech. ↑ Deficiency infection impaired inflam response + : susceptibility - difficulty clearing pathogens. Prevention complemement activation Reg proteins (DSS CD59 membrane bound inhibitors x formation MAC fluid-phase regulators protect host cell from complement attach /factor H) complement enhances immune responses oponisation > chemotaxis > MAC- directly lyse pr Inflam.