Industrial Revolution Notes PDF

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 1760-1900  Before 1800, most people lived in small villages. Rural land was Goods were produced Natural shared for crops in the home....

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 1760-1900  Before 1800, most people lived in small villages. Rural land was Goods were produced Natural shared for crops in the home. resources were & livestock. abundant. New jobs lead to workers Factories begin and cities moving to cities grow! This time period of change is known as THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION!  The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 1800s, spreading to the U.S. and Western Europe Why here? – England had an abundant supply of coal, iron ore, and flowing water The Industrial Revolution The first products to be industrialized (manufactured on a large scale) were textiles Textile - a type of cloth or woven fabric The Industrial Revolution Next, steel was developed. Why? – Steel could withstand heat better than iron!  The Way Goods are Produced Changes … f o re Cottage Goods are produced within the home by Be family members IR industry f t er Goods are produced in mass quantities in A Factory IR a factory with an assembly line and system hundreds of workers EFFECTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 1. Urbanization Urbanization is the growth of cities and the movement of people to cities Reasons for urbanization: – Growth of factory system – Cities were built near energy sources (like rivers to power mills!) How were the living conditions? Cities didn’t have enough housing, police presence, sewage, plumbing, sanitation for all the people Families lived in small one-room houses called tenements Diseases were easily spread Tenements Life expectancy was very low Tenement Life  2. Families Leave the Home Family-based cottage industries were replaced by the factory system The Industrial Revolution = significant impact on the structure and function of the family 3. The Factory System Emerges There were harsh working conditions Men competed with women and children for wages Child labor kept costs of production low and profits high for factory owners Creation of the ASSEMBLY LINE 4. Factory Owners Control Workers Owners of mines and factories held considerable control over the lives of their laborers, from their pay to where they lived.  5. Women and Children Work Women and children entered the workplace for the first time 🡪 provided cheaper labor than men – Men now had to complete with women AND children for their jobs Children were considered extremely “valuable” workers (could be paid little, crawled into machines, had small enough hands to work weavers that adults couldn’t) Eventually, child labor was reformed and eventually outlawed – Children are required to attend school instead of work Working women started demanding the right to vote 6. Slavery No Longer Used for Labor Because more free people were employed in factories, the Industrial Revolution contributes to the end of slavery in some places  7. Labor Unions Form Labor unions encouraged workers to go on strike in order to get increased wages and improved working conditions Labor unions demanded laws to improve the conditions for workers Working Conditions during the Industrial Revolution: Average workday is 12--14 hours You went to work 6 days a week Your wages were less than $1 per week Work is boring = your job NEVER changes! Work is dangerous - poor lighting, poor ventilation, heavy machines Damp, dark factories caused a lot of illnesses Complete the Lesson Review!