Indigenous Families in Canada PDF

Can anyone share their thoughts or impressions of this picture? The PowerPoint presentation was created by：Jing Wang, WenWen Pan and Lan Sun Indigenous Families in Canada Source from: https://sl.bing.net/gOTXUfsksFg  Do you know what day the National Indigenous People's Day is celebrat...

Can anyone share their thoughts or impressions of this picture? The PowerPoint presentation was created by：Jing Wang, WenWen Pan and Lan Sun Indigenous Families in Canada Source from: https://sl.bing.net/gOTXUfsksFg  Do you know what day the National Indigenous People's Day is celebrated? Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Learning Objectives 1. Introduction to Indigenous Peoples of Canada 2. Impact of colonization on Indigenous Peoples 3. Pedagogy and culture of Indigenous Peoples and their families. 4. Some challenges faced by Indigenous families in the Windsor-Essex area 5. Strategies for Engaging with Indigenous children and families 6. Local Resources that can better support Indigenous families Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Pre-Assessment Do you know how many people in Canada identify as Indigenous? More than 1.8 million, which represents 5% of Canada’s total population. Do you know how many groups of indigenous people there are in Canada? As early childhood educators, do you think it's necessary for us to learn about the cultures and histories of Indigenous peoples before we can engage with Indigenous families? Can you share why you think so? Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  1. Introduction to Indigenous Peoples of Canada “Indigenous peoples” is a collective name for the original peoples of North America and their descendants. Descendants of the original inhabitants who lived in Canada for thousands of years before European colonization. The Canadian Constitution recognizes 3 groups of Indigenous peoples: ✓ First Nations ✓ Métis ✓ Inuit These are 3 distinct peoples with unique histories, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs. Source from: https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100013785/1529102490303 and https://sl.bing.net/gqiejIRcAuG Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  1. Introduction to Indigenous Peoples of Canada First Nations Source from: https://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=XEzjA5RoLv0&t=1s The most largest and varied group of indegenous people in Canada, with 630 First Nations communities in Canada, speaking more than 50 distinct languages. Each First Nations group has its own distinct culture, language, and history. Belonged to communities that were not defined by national or provincial boundaries. For example, members of the Cree Nation live in many provinces and even in the United States. Source from: https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/first-nations Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  1. Introduction to Indigenous Peoples of Canada Métis Source from: https://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=XEzjA5RoLv0&t=1s Originated in the 1600s, they are the decendants of First Nations and European settlers. Population today: 350,000 to 400,000. The Métis all share a unique,distinct cultural heritage, ancestral language (Michif), history, and political traditions. They are also linked by a widespread network of family connections. Métis homeland covers the Prairie provinces and parts of Ontario and British Columbia. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  1. Introduction to Indigenous Peoples of Canada Inuit Maritime circumpolar people of Cananda Source from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XEzjA5RoLv0&t=1s Canada has four Inuit regions—Inuvialuit Region, Nunavut, Nunavik, and Nunatsiavut—are collectively referred to as Inuit Nunangat. Inuit primarily live in Inuit Nunangat, covering 35% of Canada's landmass and 50% of its coastline. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  1. Introduction to Indigenous Peoples of Canada Inuit Source from: https://sl.bing.net/d5Cw9FiNRpk Traditionally, the Inuit were hunters and gatherers. Despite challenges from European settlers, the Inuit maintain a strong cultural identity through language, family, and traditions. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  2. Impact of colonization on Indigenous Peoples Colonization had profound and long-lasting effects on Indigenous peoples in Canada. Here are the key impacts: Loss of Land and Resources Indigenous peoples were relocated from their original lands as European settlers arrived and claimed territories. This loss of land disrupted the traditional economies and lifestyles of indigenous peoples, who were deeply connected to the land for their sustenance, spirituality and cultural practices. The creation of reserves further limited their access to vast lands and resources. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  2. Impact of colonization on Indigenous peoples Loss of Culture and Language Assimilation policies, such as those enforced through residential schools, were aimed at eliminating Indigenous cultures. Children were forcibly taken from their families and forbidden to speak their native languages or practice their traditions. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  2. Impact of colonization on Indigenous peoples Loss of Autonomy and Governance Indigenous peoples were forced to rely on economic support provided by colonial authorities, losing their ability to be self- sufficient and resulting in a loss of economic autonomy. The introduction of the Indian Act in 1876 restricted the rights and governance of Indigenous peoples, placing many aspects of their lives, including land use and personal status, under the control of the Canadian government. Source from: Textbook Working with Families 7th Edition-Rena Shimoni P. 148-151 Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  2. Impact of colonization on Indigenous peoples Residential Schools and Intergenerational Trauma Residential schools for Indigenous peoples in Canada date back to the 1870s. Over 130 residential schools were located across the country, and the last school closed in 1996. More than 150 000 children were placed in residential schools, many students were permanently damaged by residential schools. Children who had been bullied and physically or sexually abused carried a burden of shame and anger for the rest of their lives. The trauma could last a life time and be transferred to subsequent generations. Source from: Textbook Working with Families 7th Edition-Rena Shimoni P. 148-151 Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  3. Culture of Indigenous peoples and their families 1. More emphasis is placed on large, multigenerational families 1) Family networks of sharing and reciprocity continue as crucial aspect of Indigenous society. 2) Sharing responsibility of raising children. 3) Valuing communities. 2. People should live in harmony with the natural world and all it contained. 1) They express this respect from song, dance, festivals and ceremonies in their daily life. 2) They believe that their values and traditions are gifts from the Creator. Source from:Textbook Working with Families 7th Edition-Rena Shimoni Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  3. Culture of Indigenous peoples and their families continued 3. They have different rituals and traditions throughout a year. 1) The Smudging Ceremony– to wash away impurities, sadness, anxieties or unwanted energies or emotions. 2) The Sweat Lodge Ceremony— The Sweat lodge is used either to deal with family or community problems or to handle health problems. 3) The Baby-Naming Ceremony– They believe that after the name is announced, the spirit world can accept the name and recognize the as the living thing for the first time. 4) The medicine wheel– It is perhaps the Indigenous symbol. It is used for health and healing, and it embodies the Four Directions, Father Sky, Mother Earth, and Spirit Tree. Source from:Textbook Working with Families 7th Edition-Rena Shimoni Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  3. Culture of Indigenous peoples and their families continued Source from: Textbook Working with Families 7th Edition-Rena Shimoni P.155 Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  3. Pedagogy of Indigenous peoples and their families 1. Experiential and hands-on learning is integral to the learning process of Indigenous children. 2. Holism is the central vision. Indigenous learning incorporate the sprit, heart, mind and body, as well as the belief through circular and relationship-based connections. 3. Every child is unique in his or her learning journey and knowledge construction. 4. Ceremonies, traditions and daily observations are all understood as a way of learning. Source from:Textbook Working with Families 7th Edition-Rena Shimoni Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  4. Some challenges faced by Indigenous families in the Windsor- Essex area 1. The issues of Indigenous people are neglected. 2. They aren’t respected as a part in the land. They think their voices are not heard and they are treated as a problem or inanimate objects. 3. The loss of their language and custom is happening, which makes them feel worried and anxious. 4. Their culture is not respected and children aren’t taught in their pedagogy. 5. There aren’t enough psychological support. Indigenous generations are suffering to some degree more mental conditions. source from : CBC News · Posted: Oct 15, 2019 4:00 AM EDT / Last Updated: October 15, 2019 https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/indigenous-windsor-election- 1.5320427#:~:text=We%20have%20to%20look%20more,this%20area%2C%22%20said%20Lockhart. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  5. Strategies for Engaging with Indigenous Children and Families Examine Your Own Attitudes Be aware of myths and stereotypes about Indigenous people in Canadian culture. Continuously question your own views. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Strategies for Engaging with Indigenous Children and Families Seek Indigenous guidance Find Indigenous people to help ensure authenticity in your program. Look for local resources to answer questions from the community. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Strategies for Engaging with Indigenous Children and Families Consult Indigenous families With permission, invite Indigenous people to share their daily activities to foster appreciation of traditional ways. Including outdoor play and nature-based activities. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Strategies for Engaging with Indigenous Children and Families Avoid Assumptions – Ask Questions Always ask questions to clarify understanding. Be open to learning through dialogue. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Strategies for Engaging with Indigenous Children and Families Learn the "Do's and Don'ts" Use available resources like Bob Joseph’s guidelines to improve with Indigenous people. Build respectful and culturally appropriate relationships. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Strategies for Engaging with Indigenous Children and Families Support Indigenous language learning Recognize the importance of language revival. Incorporate key Indigenous words and phrases into daily interactions, in consultation with families. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  6. Local Resources Indigenous EarlyON Programming is available at the Ska:Na Family Learning Centre Open to all families who have a desire to learn, along with their children, a holistic way of life based on the Indigenous cultures of North America. Ska:Na Family Learning Centre has evening and weekend hours to accommodate parent schedules and offers interesting and fun projects, programs, guests and events to share the culture and teachings of the many First Nations cultures in and around Essex County. Call (519) 948-8115 or visit their website at www.skanaflc.com for more information. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Local Resources Can-Am Indian Friendship Centre The Can-Am Indian Friendship Centre helps Indigenous peoples within the areas of Windsor and Essex County to become a self- sufficient, self-determining, self-governing community. Historically, the Friendship Centre has been the focal point for Indigenous peoples within the urban environment. Contact information: Phone: 519-253-3243 Fax: 519-253-7876， E-mail: [email protected] Address: 2929 Howard Ave Windsor, ON N8X 4W4 Mon-Fri: 9am-5pm Website: www.caifc.ca Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Local Resources Southwest Ontario Aboriginal Health Access Centre (SOAHAC) SOAHAC offers wholistic health and wellness services to Indigenous families, including traditional healing, primary care, mental health services, and programs for children, youth, and seniors. Their Windsor location is part of their commitment to improving physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual well-being​. Address: 1405 Tecumseh Road West Tel: 1-877-454-0753, Email: [email protected] Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Local Resources Aboriginal Child Resource Centre in Windsor N'Amerind (Windsor) Native Friendship Centre Population Served: Aboriginal/Metis/Inuit，Low Income, Single Parents, Teen, Pregnancy/Parent Programs/Services Child development delays, Collective food preparation and/or purchasing Family Support, Family violence prevention/support Father involvement, Food security assistance, Outreach activities Healthy living activities/physical activities, Positive parenting Provision of resources (e.g., toy lending, resource library, chothing, baby equipment), Transportation service N'Amerind (Windsor) Native Friendship Centre, Address: 763 Giles BLVD E Windsor, ONTARIO, N9A 4E5 Telephone: (519) 252-9183 Fax: (519) 252-9233 Email: [email protected] Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Think and Share 1. What is one of the major impacts of colonization on Indigenous peoples in Canada? A. Increased economic prosperity B. Loss of language, culture, and land C. Expansion of Indigenous political power D. Enhanced educational opportunities Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Think and Share 2. Which statement best reflects the role of family in Indigenous cultures? A. Families are structured around rigid hierarchies. B. Families are essential social units where children are nurtured through community and traditional teachings. C. Families have little influence on the upbringing of children. D. Family decisions are primarily based on financial gain. Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Think and Share 3. What is one common challenge faced by Indigenous families in the Windsor-Essex area? A. Language barriers B. Lack of cultural resources and support systems C. Overrepresentation in political leadership D. Easy access to specialized services Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Think and Share 4. Which of the following is an effective strategy for engaging with Indigenous children and their families? A. Assuming their cultural traditions are the same as mainstream Canadian practices B. Building trust through consistent, respectful communication C. Imposing external beliefs on their lifestyle D. Ignoring traditional practices when working with Indigenous families Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Think and Share 5. Based on the introduction to Indigenous peoples that was shared, what strategies do you have for teaching Indigenous children? As early childhood educators, what should we be mindful of when interacting with them? Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Summary 1.Three Groups of Indigenous peoples in Canada: First Nations Métis Inuit 2. Key Impacts of Colonization on Indigenous Peoples: Loss of Land and Resources Loss of Culture and Language Loss of Autonomy and Governance Residential Schools and Intergenerational Trauma that still affect Indigenous peoples today. 3. Pedagogy and Culture of Indigenous Peoples and Their Families: The importance of multigenerational families and communities Living in harmony with natural world Different rituals and traditionss Experiential and hands-on learning Holism is the central vision Every child is unique Ceremonies, traditions are understood as a way of learning Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary  Summary 4. Challenges Faced by Indigenous Families: Being neglected The loss of language and culture Lack of psychological support 5. Strategies for Engaging with Indigenous Children and Families: Examine personal attitudes Consult Indigenous guidance Avoid assumptions Support language learning Build respectful relationships 6. Local Resources for Supporting Indigenous Families: Ska:Na Family Learning Centre Can-Am Indian Friendship Centre Southwest Ontario Aboriginal Health Access Centre (SOAHAC) Aboriginal Child Resource Centre Bridge-In Objective Pre-Assessment Participation Post-Assessment Summary Refugee Families By: Danieyla Yousif, Lainey Ronson, Vania Rubio 10/20/2024 1 What Are Refugee Families? -Refugee families go through a process of leaving their country due to conflict and safety of their families. -Most refugees are children and their parents going through a hard time trying to adapt to the new challenges as well new environment. - - - Education for Refugee Children - Refugee families often leave their home countries to give their children an opportunity to a better education. 10/20/2024 3  What do refugee families experience? Many refugees' families experienced trauma related to war or persecution that may affect their mental and physical health long after the events have occurred. These traumatic events might occur while the refugees are in their country of origin, during displacement for in the resettlement process here in the Canada. Some events that refugee families many experience are: Violence (as witnesses, victims, and/or perpetrators) War Lack of food, water, and shelter Physical injuries, infections, and diseases Torture Forced labor Sexual assault Lack of medical care Loss of loved ones Disruption in or lack of access to schooling 10/20/2024 4  Some statistics The number of displaced people in the world increased from just 64 million in 2017 to 117.3 million in 2023. By the end of 2023, of the 117.3 million refugees, an estimated 47 million (Approximately 40 percent) are children under 18 years of age. Between 2018 and 2023, an average of 339,000 children were born as refugees per year 10/20/2024 5 What about Canada? The number of asylum claimants arriving in Canada has increased by 54% in 2023, compared to pre-pandemic levels. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Canadian Council for Refugees only expect these numbers to increase. An increasing number of people are seeking a place of safety where they can rebuild their lives… 10/20/2024 6 Windsor Some of the social service centers and organizations that help refugees in Winsdor are:: Matthew House Refugee Centre in the Glade Refugee Office Windsor Windsor Women Working With Immigrant Women 10/20/2024 7 Challenges challenges several refugee families go through.. Needing to learn a new language to be able to communicate Being able to find a stabled job that can help provide for their families. Feelings of loneliness and loss of social support network. Discrimination. Feelings of not fitting in with others. Loss of social status. Cultural Adjustment Cultural adjustment for refugees is a process of feeling that you don’t fit in and can be very stressful. Struggling with cultural adjustment can make refugees feel : Isolated Pressured Depressed Intimidated Finding new jobs Finding a job for refugees can be a very difficult process. Due to lack of language barrier, finding an affordable home, needing to complete immigration paperwork and more can be very overwhelming to the families. Some of the most common difficulties refugees face in finding work can be: Rejection of their degrees or credentials obtained in their countries of origin, restricting access to better paying jobs The refusal of employers to consider refugee job applicants due to the challenges of verifying internationally obtained qualifications and experience Feelings of exclusion, isolation and undervaluation in the workplace Mental health challenges at the time of arrival making workforce integration more difficult failure to secure work matching their skills and experience Refrences https://www.nctsn.org/what-is-child-trauma/trauma-types/refugee-trauma/about-refugees https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/ https://matthewhousewindsor.org/ https://carleton.ca/criw/research-2/solutions-to-refugee-workforce-integration-hindered-by-lack-of-insight-into- complex-systemic-barriers/ 10/20/2024 11  SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES MEAGHAN S, SARA S, This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-ND AMBER S  Bridge In Just by a show of hands… How many of you know someone raised by a single parent? Imagine this: You're a single parent, balancing work, taking care of your child, and managing a household—all without the immediate help of a partner. What do you think your daily routine would look like? SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES 2  Objectives Throughout our presentation today we hope that you can get a better understanding of what exactly single parent families are and what comes alongside being a single parent. Today we will touch base on topics such as: What is a single parent family? The day-to-day life of a single parent The effects it has on the child/children Statistics The challenges Strategies Resources By the end of this presentation, we hope that you are able to answer questions, identify, and understand all the challenges that come with single parent families. SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES 3  IMAGINE A CHILD NAMED LUCAS, WHO LIVES WITH HIS MOTHER, THAT WORKS TWO JOBS TO SUPPORT THE FAMILY. EVERY MORNING, SHE DROPS HIM OFF AT SCHOOL, BUT BY EVENING, SHE’S STILL AT WORK, LEAVING JAKE TO COMPLETE HIS HOMEWORK AND PREPARE DINNER ON HIS OWN. THIS IS THE REALITY FOR MANY CHILDREN IN SINGLE- PARENT HOUSEHOLDS. SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES 4  Meet Sarah and her 6-year-old daughter, Emily. After Sarah’s divorce, she became the sole provider for her family, juggling a full-time job while trying to be present for Emily’s school activities and emotional needs. Every night, after Sarah tucks Emily in, she stays up late preparing for the next day, battling the exhaustion that comes with being a single parent. Despite the challenges, Sarah is determined to give Emily the best life possible, but she often wonders if she’s doing enough. Sarah’s story is one of resilience, but also highlights the struggles many single parents face — balancing work, financial pressures, and their children's needs. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 5  In today’s presentation, we’ll explore the prevalence of single-family households, their unique challenges, and the strategies educators can use to support children from these families. By the end, you’ll have a clearer understanding of how we can make a positive difference in their lives. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 6  Now that we’ve discussed some initial thoughts on single- family households, l e t ’s s e e h o w m u c h Please Log into Kahoot.it we already know about this topic with Once everyone is on, I will give you a fun, interactive quiz the class pin and we will begin the using Kahoot! quiz! 7  What is a Single - Parent Family? A SINGLE-PARENT FAMILY IS A FAMILY STRUCTURE IN WHICH ONE PARENT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR RAISING ONE OR MORE CHILDREN. THIS CAN OCCUR DUE TO VARIOUS REASONS. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 8  Reasons for Single Parent Families The primary reasons for single- parent households include divorce, separation, the death of a partner, and unplanned pregnancies. Some individuals also choose to become single parents through adoption. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 9  Statistics According to Statistics Canada using data compiled from the 2021 census: Over 1.5 million (16.4%) families were one-parent families. In Nunavut one parent families represent 1/3 families- this is equivalent to 33.2% of all cenus families in Nunavut Whereas in British Columbia one in seven families were one parent families or the equivalent t of 14.9% of all census families. The majority of single-parent families in Canada are led by mothers, with about 81% of single-parent households being mother-led. SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES 10  Impacts On Children C H I L D R E N F R O M S I N G L E - PA R E N T FA M I L I E S M AY FA C E U N I Q U E CHALLENGES, INCLUDING E M O T I O N A L , B E H AV I O R A L I S S U E S A N D A C A D E M I C D I F F I C U LT I E S ,. HOWEVER, MANY STUDIES SHOW T H AT C H I L D R E N I N S U P P O RT I V E S I N G L E - PA R E N T H O U S E H O L D S C A N THRIVE AND DEVELOP RESILIENCE. C O M M U N I T Y A N D FA M I LY S U P P O RT ARE CRUCIAL FOR THE WELL- BEING OF CHILDREN IN THESE FA M I L I E S , A N D P O S I T I V E O U T C O M E S C A N B E A S S O C I AT E D W I T H S T R O N G PA R E N TA L I N V O LV E M E N T A N D A C C E S S T O RESOURCES. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 11  Impacts on Children Some of the behavioural impacts on children include: They may show increased aggression or have difficulty concentrating in school. They also might engage in attention-seeking behaviors, as they may feel they're not receiving enough attention at home. Emotional Effects: Increased Stress and Anxiety: Children may feel a sense of loss or stress due to the absence of one parent, especially if the separation was due to divorce or the death of a parent. Feelings of Loneliness or Insecurity: Children might feel different from peers who live in two-parent households and may experience feelings of abandonment, guilt, or insecurity about their family situation. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 12 Challenges faced by single-parent families Financial Strain: Single parents often bear the full burden of financial responsibilities which can lead to financial distress. Emotional Stress: Single parents may experience feelings of isolation and stress, affecting their mental health and parenting ability. Work-Life Balance: Balancing work responsibilities with parenting can be extremely challenging for single parents, leading to time constraints and exhaustion. SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES 13  Interesting Facts 1.Growing Trend: Single-parent families are one of the fastest- growing family structures in many parts of the world, including Canada. The number of single- parent households has increased due to factors like rising divorce rates, more people choosing to parent alone, and changing societal norms. 2. Higher Levels of Independence: Many children raised in single-parent families often develop strong independence and problem- solving skills. Because single parents are often juggling multiple responsibilities, children in these households sometimes take on more chores or decision-making roles at a young age. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 14  Interesting facts 3. Fathers as Single Parents: While single-parent families are typically associated with mothers, single fathers are a growing demographic. In Canada, 1 in 5 single- parent households is headed by a father. These fathers often face unique challenges, including social expectations around gender roles and caregiving. 4.Impact on academics:.Research shows that children from single-parent families are just as likely to succeed academically as children from two-parent families, particularly when they have supportive relationships with their parent and access to educational resources. 5.Financial Struggles and Resilience: Single-parent households are often financially strained, but many single parents develop remarkable financial resilience by seeking out community resources, budgeting creatively, and finding flexible work arrangements that allow them to balance caregiving with earning a living. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 15  Considerations and strategies Strategies for parents: Seek a strong support system Establish routines Prioritize family time Take advantage of the small moments 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 16  Strategies for ECE’s Positive communication- Comminate to both children and families' recourses when needed. Also provide the support for both parties when they need but do not push for either to talk about it. Use inclusive language- For example; say things such as “make sure this paper goes home to your guardian” instead of “hand this paper to Mom or Dad tonight” Provide a diverse number of resources in your classroom library - Offering a classroom library with a diverse number of resources is a fantastic way to raise awareness about different types of families. The books can appeal to any of your students’ family situations, whether they have single parents, divorced parents, two mothers or two fathers. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 17  Resources Government Assistance: Canada offers several financial programs that help single parents, including: Canada Child Benefit (CCB): Monthly payments to help with the costs of raising children. Subsidized Childcare: Many provinces offer programs to reduce childcare costs, making it more affordable for single parents to work or pursue education. Employment Insurance (EI) Benefits: EI offers financial support for single parents who may lose their jobs or need to take parental leave. Windsor Essex Families to Success (WEFtoS) WEFtoS is a program designed to support single parent families in non-profit and cooperative housing developments using the Sustainable Livelihood Model. The objective is to prevent homelessness by empowering families to respond to known shocks and stressors. Single Women In Motherhood Single women in motherhood is a non-profit organization that offers hope, support, and guidance to single mothers. They assist in finding both a safe and secure environment for both themselves and their family. 2/1/20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 18  Post Assessment Questions Now that we are nearing the end of our presentation, we would like to ask the class a few questions about our presentation: What information did you find most useful to your everyday practice as an ECE? Which resource do you think you would be most likely to recommend to parents? What did you find most interesting about single parent families? Are there any strategies that we didn’t cover that you think would be helpful for single parent families? SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES 19  Summary In summary, we’ve explored what defines a single-parent family and the various reasons for its formation, whether through divorce, separation, or other life circumstances. Single parents often face significant challenges, from managing financial burdens to navigating emotional and social pressures that can affect both them and their children. Despite these hurdles, support systems—whether through extended family, friends, or community resources—play a crucial role in helping these families thrive. Key Takeaways: Understanding: A clear definition of what a single-parent family is and the reasons behind its formation. Challenges: Acknowledging the struggles single parents face, from financial strains to emotional and social pressures on both parents and children. Support Systems: Recognizing the importance of community and family involvement in helping single-parent families overcome obstacles. SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES 20 THANK YOU SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES 21 References One Parent – Help Single Parents! Families (statcan.gc.ca) Families and marital status | 2016 census highlights | ontario.ca https://teachersfirst.com/blog/2021/04/supporting-single-parents/ https://singlewomeninmotherhood.com/ 22 Families and Poverty Sama Khokha Manal Al Zouhouri Sarah Al Mansury Noor Dahlan Nafisa Ohi Bridge in Did you know that more than 10% of Windsor is facing poverty? This indicates that over 20,000 people are having a hard time finding a meal every day. Almost 9 million people die of hunger and other diseases related to it every year. This is more people dying because of hunger than AIDS, malaria, and TB altogether. In 2020, 1 in 4 children in Canada were living in poverty. Learning Objectives Identify what causes poverty in Canada. Identify the struggles that indigenous people go through due to poverty. Identify how poverty affects families and children. Identify and describe steps to support families within childcare settings. Identify and describe strategies to support families in poverty in the community. Identify and describe community resources available in Windsor.  https://create.kahoot.it/share/families-and- poverty-pre-assessment/3598b91f-8405- Pre–assessment: 4940-848e-2d06738d3db1 Myth or Fact? What Causes Poverty in Canada? Poverty in Canada is caused by many factors, some factors include: o Lack of accessible clean water sources o Lack of food that supports a balanced diet o Lack of access to a safe and supportive space o Discriminations against gender, race, sexuality, visible minorities etc. o Lack of support from the government. Ex. Social assistance, child support, child tax, etc. o Lack of access to good education o Little to no job opportunities  Indigenous People in Poverty Almost 40% of Indigenous children live below the poverty line. Indigenous people's income is 30% less than an average Canadian citizen. Being a part of the indigenous community increases your chance of experiencing poverty. When it comes to social and economic injustices, Canada's northern Indigenous communities have been the most impacted.  Poor physical health: Effects of Poverty People living in poverty often get sick more because they can’t afford healthy on Families food or healthcare due to lack of resources. Poor mental health: Poverty causes a lot of worry and stress, which can make people feel sad or anxious. Sometimes, it can even lead to depression or thoughts of suicide. Stress: Families always worry about paying bills or having enough food, which leads to them being stressed.  Challenges faced by low- income communities: Effects of Poverty Low-income areas often lack public services like parks, libraries, and health clinics. on Families Schools may be underfunded, and less effective. High poverty areas often have more crime and violence, reducing safety. Poverty can lead to social disorders, affecting community safety and connection. Cycle of Poverty: Poverty can be passed down generations. If families don’t get help, like better education or job opportunities, they may stay in poverty for generations. Children who grow up in poverty are more likely to remain poor as adults. The Effects of Poverty on Children Poverty can cause children to be o More likely born underweight, increasing their lifetime risk of developing health issues o Exposed to respiratory infections like pneumonia and airborne diseases like tuberculosis o Stunted in their physical growth o Delayed in their socio-emotional development The Effects of Poverty on Children Poverty has an extremely negative impact on the academic achievement of children. Children from low-income families have less responsive parents and less social support. Supporting Families in Poverty in a Childcare Create an inclusive Provide basic Connect families Support emotional environment needs to resources well-being Ensure the classroom is Ensure that children have Provide families in need Consider that children welcoming and avoid the access to nutritious meals with resources that are coming from poverty activities that may and provide snacks that authentic and helpful in might experience trauma. highlight economic are easily accessible the community. Show comfort and differences. without needing understanding; be patient permission, to reduce any and responsive to their feelings of shame or needs. embarrassment. Tips for Providing a Sense of Security to Young Children 01 02 03 04 Never use food as Develop a relationship Assure children that Provide open-ended a reward, punishment, with children by there is plenty of food materials and a variety or play item. helping them to feel at mealtimes. of toys. welcome, appreciated and safe. Strategies to Support Families in Poverty Donations to community groups/institutions. Volunteering at charitable organizations. Use your social media to share information and advocate. Stay informed about your community. Shopping at charitable platforms. Reducing Poverty Creating jobs that have livable wages and increasing the minimum wage. Increase the child support for single parents, and families under the poverty line. Working to make the early education system more effective and focused on the children's healthy development. Making more community resources that work towards ending homelessness and help parents raise their children in an adequate environment. Community Resources Children’s Aid Society United Way The Salvation Army The Welcome Centre Shelter for Women and Families Manage assessments Invest in programs that Practical assistance for Emergency shelter and and provide crisis provide food, promote children and families; support for women and prevention. food literacy and tend to necessities for families that experience Preventative services for transitional supports. life. homelessness in a safe vulnerable families Offer job training, Provide shelter for and inclusive through early financial literacy and homeless people, and environment. intervention and connect overcome obstacles for rehabilitation for those them to counselling employment. that need support for an services and parenting addiction. programs. Post- assessment https://create.kahoot.it/share/post- assessment-families-and- poverty/60e0f5c7-ff0f-4d31-8e2c- 26666f12fc17  Summary Canadians face poverty that is caused by a variety of different factors. Indigenous people earn less than Canadians and are at higher risk of facing poverty. Effects of poverty on family include physical and mental health, stress, challenges faced by low-income communities, and the cycle of poverty. Children who live in poverty may be unhealthy, have delayed development, and suffer in their academic performance. Supporting families in poverty in childcare includes creating an inclusive environment, providing basic needs, connecting families to resources, and supporting their emotional well-being. Strategies to support families in poverty include donating, volunteering, and staying informed. Focus on creating livable wages, increasing child support, improving early education, and expanding community resources to reduce homelessness and support families facing poverty. References https://www.compassion.com/poverty/effects-of-poverty-on-children.htm#:~:text=Poverty%2C%20and%20all%20the%20ills,the%20school%20drop%2Dout%20rates. https://www.naeyc.org/sites/default/files/globally-shared/downloads/PDFs/resources/position-statements/PSDAP.pdf https://oacas.libguides.com/c.php?g=702168&p=4992460 https://theartofeducation.edu/2018/09/5-concrete-ways-to-help-students-living-in-poverty/ https://windsor.ctvnews.ca/windsor-poverty-at-10-8-per-cent-stats-canada-report-1.6512543#:~:text=Of%20202%2C110%20residents%20in%20Windsor%2C%20Ont. https://windsor.ctvnews.ca/food-bank-usage-up-11-in-windsor-essex-as-poverty-rates-climb-across-nation-1.6896846 Shimoni, R., & Baxter, J. (2019a). Working with families (7th ed.). Pearson. https://ww2.welcomecentreshelter.com/ https://salvationarmywindsor.ca/ https://www.wecaf.on.ca/ https://truenorthaid.ca/understanding-poverty-in-indigenous-communities/#:~:text=Northern%20Indigenous%20communities%20in%20Canada,that%20of%20non%2DIndigenous%20women. https://www.healthpovertyaction.org/news-events/key-facts-poverty-and-poor-health/#:~:text=Poverty%20is%20both%20a%20cause,most%20vulnerable%20people%20each%20year https://www.worldvision.ca/stories/child-sponsorship/major-causes-of-poverty#clean%20water%20and%20nutritious%20food https://www.compassion.com/poverty/effects-of-poverty-on-children.htm#:~:text=Poverty%20negatively%20affects%20a%20child's,Poverty%20destroy%20children's%20dreams.  GENDER DIVERSE FAMILIES BY: Diya suman Neeru Sehaj preet Kaur Rama This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA 1  OVERVIEW 1 2 3 4 5 Introduction Gender About LGBTQ Why is gender Benefits of diverse families equality gender terminology important equality 2  6 7 8 9 10 Navigating Considerations Strategies for Approach to How to the for supporting supporting working with promote LGBT challenges of gender gender families families families diversity diversity 3  Introduction to gender diversity trans care bc illustration of gender creative and gender diverse people looking healthy and happy Gender diversity in families refers to the inclusion and recognition of various gender identities and expressions within the family structures. Gender diversity means understanding and respecting that people can identify in ways beyond just male or female. It is not about seeking attention or special treatment, but about living authentically. While knowing every gender identity is not necessary, what truly matters is respecting gender-diverse individuals and their choices. Using the correct names, pronouns, gender-neutral language is a simple and inclusive environment benefits everyone, not just gender-diverse people. 4 Types of genders? GENDER DIVERSE TERMINOLOGY Different-gender Same-gender couple Transgender couple Non-binary couple couple (cisgender) (cisgender) Refers to couple Refers to couple Refers to couple Refers to couple families in which families in which families in which at families in which at members are cisgender members are cisgender least one member is least one member is and of different and of the same transgender and non-binary. genders (one man and gender (two men or neither member is non- one woman) two women) binary. 6 A screenshot of a computer screen Description automatically generated ❖ It is estimated that between 5&15% of the Canadian population identify as LGBTQ. However, this estimate may be low because many people don’t disclose their sexual identity for fear of negative consequences. ❖ Statistics on the actual number of gay and lesbian parents have only recently been gathered. Canadian census data didn’t begin to officially capture statistics on gay and lesbian families until 2006, one year after gay marriage was legalized in Canada. ❖ The 2006 census reported that 45,345 couples in Canada identified as same-sex couples, of which 7465 (16.5%) were married couples. The number of same-sex couples surged by 32.6% between 2001 & 2006, five times the pace of opposite-sex couples. ❖ Approximately, 9% of same-sex couples had children aged 24 years and under living in the home. It’s important to note that in both Canada and the United State, statistics on same household are not accurate, as many same-sex families don’t report their sexuality. ❖ Notably, over the past several years there has been a dramatic increase in the number of the planned same-sex families through adoption or artificial insemination in both Canada and United States. 8 Gender equality empowers individuals to break free from harmful stereotypes and pursue their dreams, regardless of societal expectations. It fosters an environment where everyone feels safe, respected, and valued and where diverse perspectives and talents contribute to innovation and progress.  BENEFITS OF GENDER EQUALITY ECONOMIC EQUALITY IMPROVED EDUCATION BETTER HEALTH Society gains when there are equal Every child in the school system gains Research indicates that gender employment opportunities for both from gender equality in education. disparity has an adverse effect on genders. Research indicates that a Education increases the chances that various health outcomes, such as workplace that is diverse, including girls will be healthier and more family planning, nutrition, maternity in terms of gender representation, is productive, making more money and and child health, pandemic illness, and more productive. This success at creating better futures for their families. other related issues. Studies revealed work has an impact on the economy UNICEF reports that a girl’s lifetime improved health outcomes decreased as well. Equal employment earnings increase significantly, child rates of PTSD and depression, opportunities for men and women marriage rates decrease, child mortality improved self-rated health, and lowers poverty rates, strengthens rate declines & mother mortality rates decreased alcohol consumption when communities, and boosts country decline when she completes her systems are designed to give equal gross domestic product. education. access to healthcare for all genders. 10  Navigating the Challenges of LGBTQ Families The path of parenthood involves love, nurturing and development. LGBTQ parents encounter additional difficulties in their quest to build devoted and encouraging families, even though parenting presents its own set of difficulties. 11  The legal and social obstacles that can make it difficult for LGBT parents to start a family are among their biggest obstacles. Adoption and foster care agencies in certain areas may discriminate against same-sex couples, which makes it more challenging for them to give needy children a loving home. Different jurisdictions may have different laws recognizing LGBT families, including those that grant parental rights and acknowledge both parents as legitimate guardians. Parents who identify as LGBT frequently face discrimination and stigma from the public, friends and even relatives. From hurtful remarks to explicit anger, there are many ways in which this discrimination can appear. Parental and child wellbeing can be negatively impacted by the emotional strain of continuously defending their family structure. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY 12  LGBT parents could have particular difficultis in explaining to their kids the diversity of the family. Although many LGBT children grow up to be accepting and open-minded adults, they may face misunderstanding or interest from peers who are not familiar with different family types. It can be difficult to guide discussions about various family structures, but it also offers a chance to impart tolerance, compassion, and understanding to kids. Legal parental rights can be difficult to obtain for some-sex couples, especially if the child is only biologically related to one of the parents. To guarantee that both parents have equal rights and obligations with regard to their child, further legal measures, such as second-parent adoption, might be necessary. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA 13  Bullying and discrimination at school and in their communities may be experienced by children of immigrants. In order to confront and manage such issues, LGBT families need to build a solid support system and maintain open lines of communication with their children. LGBT parents frequently work to provide a supportive atmosphere in which their children can grow to love who they are. Encouraging a sense of pride in their family structure, culture and heritage is crucial but it’s also important to recognize and values the differences among other families. 14  Considerations for supporting gender diversity Understanding gender Awareness of bias: Inclusive polices: diversity: Recognize that gender diversity Be aware of unconscious biases Ensure that company policies are goes beyond the binary concept of that can affect decision-making inclusive and supportive of all male and female. processes, from hiring to gender identities. This includes promotions. anti-discrimination policies and benefits. 15  Education and training Implement regular training sessions on gender diversity and inclusion to educate employees and management about the importance of these issues Fair compensation: Strategies for Conduct regular surveys to ensure fair and equitable compensation practices across all genders. supporting Analyze and adjust recruitment processes to eliminate biases and gender ensure a diverse pool of candidates. diversity Inclusive leadership: Encourage leaders to practice inclusive leadership by creating a safe and supportive environment for all team members. Data-driven decisions: Use data to track progress and identity areas for improvement in gender diversity initiatives.  The risk of being open “ Verna and Amira are a lesbian couple who have lived together with Verna’s daughter, Janne, for more than five years. As Janne began to approach her teen years, they were experiencing a far bit of tension at home. Amira suggested that the three of them see a family counsellor. Verna replied that she was reluctant to do so, since it could be interpreted as an admission of failure. “I always feel as if we’re on trial,” she said, “and if anything goes wrong, I may lose custody of my daughter,”. “ 17  Helping families “when I put my head on the pillow at night, I think about my daughter and just Scenario 1 hope she’s safe. I don’t know where she is. I haven’t heard from her since I threw Monica, mother of 16-year old lesbian youth her out of the house when she told me she was lesbian. I didn’t know what to do. I wish I had acted differently. I would give anything to be able to change that now.” I didn’t know how hurtful it was to tell my son that being bisexual was just a fad. I Scenario 2 pushed him away when he was trying to share an important part of himself with Ben, father of 14-year old me. I didn’t understand about sexual orientation- I thought I could pressure him to bisexual youth be straight. But instead, I made him think I was rejecting him. I’ve spent a lot of time listening to him now – and learning.” 18  A chart of people with text Description automatically generated with medium confidence 19  Approach to working with families Engage, approach Give families Educate families and connect with respectful on how supportive families and language to talk and accepting caregivers by meeting them and about sexual behaviors affect view each family as orientation and their LGBT child an ally. gender identity Let parents Educate families on how and family rejecting caregivers behaviors tell their story affect their LGBT child  How staff help and promote LGBTQ Enable meaningful partnerships by starting with attitudes and practices that focus on families’ strengths. Get to know parents who identify as LGBT and recognize that each family is unique. Understand that parents who identify as LGBT will have individual preferences about the openness of their family Create a welcoming environment for parents/guardians who identify as LGBT Develop an affirming and welcoming environment for children Offer professional development activities that help staff learn more about LGBT- headed families. Practice addressing discomfort about LGBT-headed families in your program. Foster a safe environment in which staff members feel free to ask questions, discuss values, examine bias and evaluate attitudes. Explore your own beliefs and practices. 21  Local resources Windsor pride community: Trans wellness Ontario: Family services Windsor-Essex: School resources (GSAs): What they do: support and What they do: focused support What they do: provides mental What they are: Gay-Straight advocacy for LGBTQ + for transgender and gender- health support for the Alliances in local schools. individuals in Windsor. diverse people. community, including LGBTQ + What they offer: Services: Services: individuals. - Safe spaces for gender- - support groups for gender- - Counseling and peer Services: diverse students to diverse youth and adults. support groups. - Private counselling for connect. - Workshops on gender - Help with gender-affirming gender-diverse people. - Education companions inclusivity for schools and healthcare - Workshops on against bullying. businesses. - Education and advocacy in understanding gender - Collaboration with local - Community events like the community. diversity. organizations for events pride month. - Programs for LGBTQ + and support. youth 22  A video https://youtu.be/4yRY2CJvdxg?si=s_OXNm662_VamMrp 23  Post assessment True false 1. Gender equality in the work force does not influence a country’s economic growth. FALSE 2. The term “cisgender” describes someone whose gender identity matches the sex assigned at birth. TRUE 3. Over the past several years there has been a dramatic decrease in the number of planned same-sex families through adoption. FALSE 4. Families who does not accept being a happy LGBT adult at all during adolescence are 92%. FALSE 5. We should understand that gender diversity goes beyond the binary concept of male TRUE and female. 24  Match A. A family formed when one partner has children from previous relationships. 1. Same-sex couples B. A family that includes individuals who identify outside the traditional 2. genderqueer male/female binary. C. a couple where both partners are of same sex. 3. Blended family D. Individuals who embrace a gender identity that may not conform to 4. Non-binary family member traditional gender roles. 25 Presentation title 20XX  summary Despite its reputation as a kind and accepting nation, many misconceptions exist around LGBTQ individuals and their families in Canada. LGBTQ people who wish to have children frequently struggle with unfounded worries that their offspring won’t succeed, despite the fact that research has refuted these worries. LGBTQ parents frequently experience a strong sense of parental duty as a result of these difficulties. Research shows that children with LGBTQ parents are typically more accepting and understanding of diverse families. Early childhood educators can support by implementing tactics that promote a sense of inclusivity and welcome for each and every family. 26 Presentation title 20XX  References Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. (2022, June 14). Gender diversity status of couples: New information in the 2021 Census. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/ref/98-20- 0001/982000012021002-eng.cfm Roherty, J. (2024, April 24). Navigating the Challenges of LGBT Parenting - Behavioral Health Clinic | Counseling & Therapy Services. Behavioral Health Clinic | Counseling & Therapy Services. https://wibehavioralhealth.com/navigating-the-challenges-of-lgbt-parenting/ Symonds, C. (2023, March 10). 7 ways to promote gender diversity in the workplace. Factorial. https://factorialhr.com/blog/gender- diversity/ Ryan, C., PhD & Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2014). A practitioner’s resource guide: Helping Families to support their LGBT children. In Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Report No. PEP14-LGBTKIDS). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/pep14-lgbtkids.pdf United Way of the National Capital Area. (2024, September 25). What Is Gender Equality? Learn the Definition with Examples. United Way NCA. https://unitedwaynca.org/blog/what-is-gender- equality/#:~:text=Gender%20equality%20empowers%20individuals%20to,contribute%20to%20innovation%20and%20prog ress. Unknown. (n.d.). Creating a Welcoming Early Childhood Program for LGBT-Headed Families: Partnering with Parents Who Identify as LGBT. https://static.virtuallabschool.org/atmt/gender-safe/FT.gender- safe_4.Families_A1.LGBTQParentPartnering.pdf 27 Thank you  ECE 319 TEENAGE PARENTS Faith Ayuyao Ma. Michiella Michaela Raynera Jiyue Yang A. Bridge In Statistics: The World Health Organization reported that in 2021, there were 42 births for every 1,000 girls aged 15 to 19 globally. Life Canada estimates that approximately 13,000 infants are born to teenage parents in Canada annually. B. Objectives This report provides an in-depth look at the challenges and risks associated with teenage parenting, as well as the support systems available. We aim to identify the following: 1. Prevalence of Teenage Parents 2. Risks for Teenage Parents 3. Teenage Mothers 4. Teenage Fathers 5. Risks for Children of Teenage Parents 6. Role of Grandparents 7. Support Systems for Teenage Parents 8. Agencies in Windsor-Essex County C. Pre-Assessment Mentimeter D. Teenage Parents  1. Prevalence of Teenage Parents Teenage Parents Teenage Parents are individuals aged 13 to 19 who give birth to and choose to raise a child. Teenage parents take on the responsibilities of raising a child while navigating adolescence. Teenage Parents in Canada There has been a steady decline in teen pregnancy rates since the mid-1970s. In 2022, Canada had 4.4 births per 1,000 females aged 15 to 19, with a decreasing teenage fertility rate. Why is it declining? Access to information on Social Media Shift of face-to-face interactions to online interactions Windsor-Essex County According to the Windsor-Essex Health Unit, the rate of teen pregnancies in Windsor-Essex in 2020 was 6.8 per 1,000 females aged 15-19. This is significantly higher than Ontario's overall rate of 4.8. Why do teens become pregnant? 2. Contraceptive Use 1. Sex Education Awareness of contraception Lack of access to sex exists, but usage declines in education unplanned situations. 3. Socioeconomic Disparities 4. Cultural Perspectives Inequities and lack of In some cultures, early opportunities due to childbearing is normalized and socioeconomic status supported by families. 2. Risks for Teenage Parents General Risks (Shimoni & Baxter, 2018) Teen parents are often socio-economically disadvantaged Teen parents often don’t complete their education and are less likely to find a job with high wages Teen parents are likely to be single parents or have marital differences Teen parents have limited knowledge about child- rearing Physical Risks of Teenage Pregnancy Lack of High blood prenatal pressure Preeclampsia care Premature Sexually Postpartum birth and Transmitted depression low-birth Diseases weight baby (STDs) 3. Teenage Mothers What are some stigmas associated with teenage mothers? Stigmas Associated with Teenage Mothers Viewed as irresponsible or promiscuous Not following traditional timelines for education and family Primary caregiver role Not mature and responsible enough Not prepared for parenthood Developmental Perspective 1.Psychosocial Change Identity vs. Role Confusion (Erikson’s Stages of Development) Adolescents seek to establish their identity, reflecting on their past, present, and future. Seeking independence and autonomy Developmental Perspective 2. Puberty Teens navigate the challenges of puberty, including hormonal and body changes, which are intensified by pregnancy. Concerns about body image and self-identity can be particularly challenging for teen mothers Developmental Perspective 3. Demands of the Maternal Role Pregnancy can disrupt the development of individual identity, forcing dependence on parents. Physical changes during pregnancy complicate the development of sexual identity and self-perception. 4. Teenage Fathers What are some stigmas associated with teenage fathers? Stigmas Associated with Teenage Fathers Absent or disengaged from parenting responsibilities. Less visible stigma (more on the teenage mother) Pressure to conform Need to mature early Take on the breadwinner role (finding job/s) Should be tough all the time (Patriarchal society & toxic masculinity) Role of Teenage Fathers Only gaining attention in recent years Likely to give up involvement with baby after birth due to high expectations 30-50% of children born to teen mothers have an acknowledged teen father (Mollborn & Lovegrove, 2011) Teen fathers are often excluded from abortion or adoption decisions. Many teen fathers maintain relationships with the mothers, but few lead to marriage or long-term cohabitation. Challenges of Teenage Parents Adjusting to a new role Lack of knowledge of child development Lack of knowledge on parenting Negative stereotypes Balancing parental responsibilities, education, and work Isolation from peers and disruption of social interactions during pregnancy Changes in the body (teenage mothers) Lack of support for teenage fathers (most support is oriented towards teenage mothers) 5. Risks for Children of Teenage Parents Developmental Risks for Children Growth Issues: Higher Cognitive Delays: Children often experience delays in cognitive likelihood of low birth development (speech and weight and infant mortality language delay). Behavioral and Medical Academic Struggles: Lower Issues: Increased incidence academic achievement and a of behavioral problems and higher risk of not completing chronic medical conditions. high school. Factors Contributing to Physical Risks 1. Delayed Pregnancy 2. Nutritional Deficiencies: Recognition: Doesn’t realize Poor nutrition during critical they're pregnant until well fetal development stages into the second trimester. can lead to complications. 3. Substance Abuse: Increased 4. Lack of Awareness: incidence of smoking, drug, Unaware of the risks and and alcohol use among teens complications associated affects fetal health. with pregnancy The Cycle of Teen Parenthood: Children of teenage parents have a greater likelihood of becoming teen parents themselves. Child Welfare Concerns: Young children are more frequently placed in foster care and are nearly twice as likely to be reported for abuse or neglect.  6. Role of Grandparents Role of Grandparents Teenage mothers often live with their parents post-birth Grandparents provide: Housing Food Educational Support Parenting Guidance Child care Risk of Over-involvement “Built-in babysitters” Grandparents’ financial support may hinder the teenage parents’ independence and development of responsibility as a parent 7. Support Systems for Teenage Parents Ecological Perspective Urie Bronfenbrenner Other systems such as extended family, community, school, peers, and employers can help in supporting the teenage parent. Source: SimplyPsychology Role of Educators for Teenage Parents Practice Reflexivity Practice Professionalism Promote Inclusivity Provide Support (when asked) Family-Centered and Strengths-Based Approach Role of Educators for Children Providing high-quality childcare Developmentally appropriate learning opportunities Secure and responsive environment Serves as a protective factor while teen parents develop their parenting skills Monitors health and development Support from Community Providing Parenting Programs Providing social, psychological, and educational support May include on-site child care, flexible hours, child-care classes, child development classes, prenatal care, social workers, etc.  8. Agencies in Windsor-Essex County Windsor-Essex Children’s Aid Society (WECAS) Provides support services for parents, including parenting classes, counseling, and resources for child development Example: Family Well-being Program delivers 16 different groups/workshops throughout the year Locations & Website: 1671 Riverside Dr. E. (Windsor) 33 Princess St. (Leamington) https://www.wecas.on.ca/ Source: WECAS Connections Early Years Family Centre Offers a variety of programs and services for children and their families, with a focus on early childhood development, including parenting support, resources, and workshops Example: Be Back Soon Program offers free, short-term child care for young children of qualifying parents attending job interviews, training, or appointments. Locations & Website: 795 Giles Blvd E., Windsor On. https://www.connectwithus.ca/ Source: Connections Early Years Unemployed Help Centre of Windsor Provides job training and employment services, which can be beneficial for teen parents seeking work while raising children Locations & Website: 6955 Cantelon Dr., Windsor On. https://www.uhc.ca/ Source: UHC Windsor-Essex County Health Unit Offers programs related to maternal and child health, including nutrition and health education Examples: Breastfeeding Support, Prenatal Course Locations & Website: 1005 Ouellette Ave., Windsor On. https://www.wechu.org/ Source: WECHU Maternity Services at Windsor Regional Hospital Provides prenatal and postnatal care, along with support services for new parents Locations & Website: 1995 Lens Ave., Windsor On. 1030 Ouellette Ave., Windsor On. https://www.wrh.on.ca/MaternalNew born Source: WRH Melo Clinic & Pregnancy Centre Provides free resources and counseling for young parents, helping them navigate pregnancy and parenting challenges Offers pregnancy testing, ultrasounds, and health education Locations & Website: 1214 Ottawa St., Windsor On. https://pregnancycentre.net/ Source: Melo Clinic Family Services Windsor-Essex Offers counseling and support services, including programs for teen parents Locations & Website: 1770 Langlois Ave, Windsor On. https://fswe.ca/ Source: Family Services E. Post-Assessment  1. Support systems for teenage parents include community resources and educational programs True or False  1. Support systems for teenage parents include community resources and educational programs Answer: True 2. Children of teenage parents are at a higher risk for behavioral problems True or False 2. Children of teenage parents are at a higher risk for behavioral problems Answer: True 3. Children of teenage parents are least likely to be sent to foster homes True or False 3. Children of teenage parents are least likely to be sent to foster homes Answer: False 4. Teenage mothers are likely to experience feelings of isolation True or False 4. Teenage mothers are likely to experience feelings of isolation Answer: True 5. About 14,000 infants are born to teenage parents each year in Canada? True or False 5. About 14,000 infants are born to teenage parents each year in Canada? Answer: False (13,000)  6. Name some risks associated with teenage pregnancy Lack of Prenatal Care High blood pressure Preeclampsia Premature birth and low-birth weight baby Sexually Transmitted Diseases Postpartum depression  7. Grandparents often help teenage parents by providing career counselling True or False  7. Grandparents often help teenage parents by providing career counselling Answer: False (Housing, Food, Financial Help, Parenting Support, Educational Support)  8. Name some agencies in Windsor-Essex County that support teenage parents Windsor-Essex Children’s Aid Society (WECAS) Unemployed Help Centre of Windsor Connections Early Years Family Centre Windsor-Essex County Health Unit Maternity Services at Windsor Regional Hospital Melo Clinic & Pregnancy Centre Family Services Windsor-Essex 9. What type of approach can educators use to engage with families? 9. What type of approach can educators use to engage with families? Answer: Family-Centered and Strengths-Based Approach F. Summary The overall prevalence of teen mothers in Canada has been declining steadily since the mid-1970s. Teenage parents often face socioeconomic disadvantages, are less likely to complete their education, and may encounter physical and mental health issues due to delayed prenatal care and high stress. Teenage mothers frequently face societal judgment as irresponsible, while teenage fathers are often perceived as absent or disengaged from parenting responsibilities. Community agencies offer vital resources, parenting classes, and educational support to help teenage parents succeed. Any Questions? References 1. About us. (2024, October 16). Melo Clinic & Pregnancy Centre. https://pregnancycentre.net/about-us/ 2. Adolescent and young adult health. (2023, April 28). World Health Organization (WHO). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescents-health-risks-and-solutions 3. Adolescent parenthood. (n.d.). Encyclopedia.com | Free Online Encyclopedia. https://www.encyclopedia.com/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and- maps/adolescent-parenthood 4. Birth control. (n.d.). Local, relevant, and timely public health information | The Windsor-Essex County Health Unit. https://www.wechu.org/school-health/human-development- sexual-health/birth-control 5. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory. (2023, September 14). Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/bronfenbrenner.html 6. Brown, J. D., Harris, S. K., Woods, E. R., Buman, M. P., & Cox, J. E. (2011). Longitudinal study of depressive symptoms and social support in adolescent mothers. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 16(4), 894-901. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-011-0814-9 7. Canadian Paediatric Society. (2022, September 12). Meeting the needs of young moms, then and now. A home for pediatricians. A voice for children and youth. | Canadian Paediatric Society. https://cps.ca/en/blog-blogue/meeting-the-needs-of-young-moms 8. (2024, June 10). Connections Early Years Family Centre. https://www.connectwithus.ca/ 9. (2017, November 21). Family Services Windsor-Essex. https://fswe.ca/ 10. Hodgkinson, S., Beers, L., Southammakosane, C., & Lewin, A. (2014). Addressing the mental health needs of pregnant and parenting adolescents. Pediatrics, 133(1), 114-122. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-0927 11. Maternal Newborn. (n.d.). Windsor Regional Hospital. https://www.wrh.on.ca/MaternalNewborn 12. Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health: Adolescent pregnancy. (2012). World Health Organization (WHO). https://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/topics/maternal/adolescent_pregnancy/en/index.html 13. Mollborn, S., & Lovegrove, P. J. (2011). How teenage fathers matter for children: Evidence from the ECLS-B. Journal of Family Issues, 32(1), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X10370110 14. Reaching the vast North American teen audience. (2024, August 1). Life Canada. https://lifecanada.org/reaching-the-vast-north-american-teen-audience/ 15. Reid, V., & Meadows-Oliver, M. (2007). Postpartum depression in adolescent mothers: An integrative review of the literature. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 21(5), 289-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2006.05.010 16. Spindel, P. (2020). Working with families: A guide for health and human services professionals. 17. Taylor, R. B. (2008, May 26). Teen pregnancy: Medical risks and realities. WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/baby/teen-pregnancy-medical-risks-and-realities 18. Teenage fertility rate Canada 2014-2022. (2023, December 6). Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/937516/teenage-fertility-rate-canada/ 19. (2024, October 3). Unemployed Help Centre of Windsor Inc. https://www.uhc.ca/ 20. What is a children’s aid society? (n.d.). Windsor-Essex Children's Aid Society – Dedicated to the well-being and safety of every child by advocating for, and partnering with, our children, families and communities. https://www.wecas.on.ca/about/what-is-a-childrens-aid-society/ Thank you!  Blended Family Supporting Diversity and Unity Ayat, Xinyun, Shifa, Shade 01. Video Bridge-in 02. Objectives  What we will learn… - The Definition of a Blended Family - Three Types of Blended Families - Statistics on Blended Families - Benefits of Blended Families - Challenges of Blended Families - Strategies for Creating a Blended Family - Local Resources to Support Blended Families  What is a Blended Family? - A blended family, also known as a stepfamily, is a family formed when two people come together and bring a child or children from previous relationships. - When a blended family is formed, your children might be of the same age group or have major age differences, and you might also have a child together. - Blended families present unique challenges and opportunities, requiring tailored support from educators, parents, and the community.  3 Types of Blended Families: #1 Married Parents - One or both partners bring children from previous relationships. - The new family includes biological and stepchildren. - Stepparents are often referred to as “bonus parent(s).”  3 Types of Blended Families: #2 Adopted Parents - Families formed through adoption. - Adopted children are raised alongside biological children. - Creates a fulfilling and loving family dynamic.  3 Types of Blended Families: #3 Unmarried partners - living together with children from previous relationships. - Blending families while dating can present unique challenges. - Establishing clear boundaries and expectations is crucial for stability.  Related demographic statistics: - In 2021, just over 1 in 10 couples with children (12%) were stepfamilies, meaning that their family included at least one biological or adopted child whose birth preceded the current union. - This proportion has been stable since data on stepfamilies were first collected in the 2011 Census. - Among couples with children, those living common law were more than four times as likely to be stepfamilies (31%) as their married counterparts with children (7%). - This suggests that individuals may have a preference for living common law when they re-partner after having children.  - This map distinguishes the proportions of stepfamilies in married couples and common-law couples with children across Canada’s provinces and territories. - The light blue bars represent the proportion of married couples with children that are stepfamilies. - Nationally, 7% of married couples with children were stepfamilies in 2021. - The dark blue bars represent the proportion of common-law couples with children that are stepfamilies. - Nationally, 31% of common-law couples with children were stepfamilies in 2021. - The proportion of married couples with children that were stepfamilies in 2021 ranged between 6% and 9% across provinces and territories. - The proportion of common-law couples with children that were stepfamilies was significantly higher, ranging from 20% to 43%.  Benefits of a Blended Family: - Healthier parental dynamics: Single parents who have gone through divorce or the loss of a spouse may find comfort and reduced stress by having a partner. A successful blended family often depends on the quality of the new relationship, and children benefit from seeing their parents happy. - Financial stability: Blended families allow parents to pool resources, leading to improved financial security. The additional income can ease financial pressures and create more opportunities for growth.  Benefits of a Blended Family: - Expanded support system: Children in blended families can enjoy the presence of more caring and responsible adults in their lives. This can foster flexibility and tolerance, while extended family members may assist with childcare. A larger family also means a stronger support network and more love. - Enhanced problem-solving skills: Growing up in a blended family helps children develop conflict resolution skills and learn how to interact with various personalities. Additionally, having more role models in an extended family can positively influence their development.  Challenges of a Blended Family: - Different parenting styles: Step-parents may face disagreements with their stepchildren, leading to frustration and confusion. - Competition for attention: After blending families, parents may have more children vying for their attention, and children might struggle with adjusting to the new family dynamic.  Challenges of a Blended Family: - Conflicts between children: Sibling conflicts may arise, especially if children have not previously shared a parent. - Grief and loss after divorce or death: Both parents and children may grieve the loss of their previous family structure, homes, and relationships. Children might experience emotional and behavioral issues, such as anger, defiance, or trouble at school.  Planning a Blended Family: - When forming a blended family, it’s crucial to think about all members involved. Allowing both yourself and your children enough time to get ready for the changes is essential. - Keep in mind that it might take longer than expected for everyone to adapt and build good relationships. - Patience is key, as children may need more time to feel comfortable with the new family dynamic. - Seeking support from a family therapist can be helpful in managing the emotional and practical adjustments that come with blending different personalities. 03. Case Study  David and Sarah got married and moved in together with their children from previous relationships. David has a 12-year-old son, Mike, and Sarah has two children, 8-year-old Emily and 5-year-old Jack. Mike struggles to accept Sarah as his stepmother and feels that David is spending more time and attention on Sarah and her children. Meanwhile, Emily and Jack are also adjusting, sometimes feeling confused or hurt by Mike's attitude. David and Sarah realize they need to establish clearer boundaries and improve communication. However, they are concerned that making too many changes at once might increase resistance from the children. Question: As an early childhood educator, how could you guide David and Sarah in supporting Mike’s emotional needs and help he build a better relationship with Sarah and his step-siblings? 04. Summary  Strategies for Creating a Blended Family: - Effective Communication: Open, clear communication is essential for resolving conflicts and building understanding in blended families. Although family members may initially struggle due to differing backgrounds, with patience and practice, a unique communication style can be developed. - Flexibility: Successful blended families are flexible and willing to compromise. This might involve adjusting schedules, adapting to different communication styles, and sometimes prioritizing the needs of others.  Strategies for Creating a Blended Family: - Mutual Respect: While disagreements are normal, respecting each family member’s opinions, privacy, and belongings is crucial. Parents should set a strong example and make it clear that disrespect is unacceptable. - Honesty: Honesty builds trust in a blended family. Having family discussions about the value of honesty, and leading by example, can help establish a strong foundation for relationships.  Strategies for Creating a Blended Family: - Patience: Building relationships in a blended family takes time. Each family member will adjust at their own pace, and some children may be more accepting than others. Understanding different dynamics and personalities can help set realistic expectations for how relationships will grow. - Sense of Humor: Humor can ease tension and bring family members closer together. However, it should never be used to hurt or belittle others.  Strategies for Creating a Blended Family: - Allow Time: Building a blended family doesn’t happen quickly. It’s okay to feel frustrated at times, but remember you have support from your family and friends. Take breaks when needed and lean on your support system.  Local resources to support: - Family Service Windsor-Essex https://fswe.ca/  Local resources to support: - Windsor-Essex Children’s Aid Society https://www.wecas.on.ca/ Both Family Service and Children’s Aid Society of Windsor-Essex provide counseling, family mediation, and support services that can help blended families navigate challenges like communication, relationship dynamics, and parenting issues.  Local resources to support: - Windsor-Essex County Health Unit https://www.wechu.org/ The Windsor-Essex County Health Unit offers parenting programs like Circle of Security and Triple P, which can help blended families build healthy relationships and manage parenting challenges. 05. Kahoot https://play.kahoot.it/v2/?quizId=eaacbe29-3c90-4716-a086- c374b89bba94&hostId=03b2930a-06f7-4a5e-84c6- e32f5688114a  References Alli, R. A. (2024, June 2). Blended family: What is it?. WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/parenting/what-is-a- blended-family Government of Canada, S. C. (2022, December 21). State of the union: Canada leads the G7 with nearly one- quarter of couples living common law, driven by Quebec. The Daily -. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily- quotidien/220713/dq220713b-eng.htm?indid=32986-4&indgeo=0 Guarnotta, E., & Saleh, N. (2023, July 5). Blended family: Definition, issues, & tips for Success. ChoosingTherapy.com. https://www.choosingtherapy.com/blended-family/ Kim. (2021, August 4). KidsFirst of Florida. https://kidsfirstofflorida.org/creating-a-blended-family/ PARENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS  INTRODUCTION In this presentation we will explore some of the challenges faced by parents with special needs. This presentation will examine how these factors impact both parents and their children. By understanding these challenges, we can try to find ways to best support them and their families. This presentation will hopefully broaden your perspectives and help breakdown some of the misconceptions that people may have. We will also be providing some resources that may be shared to any families you may encounter at your workplace. OBJECTIVES In this presentation we will discuss: 1. What is Mentally Disabled and Special Needs 2. Home Life 3. How having a parent with disabilities affects the child 4. What services can be provided 5. What support can the ECE, or teacher provide 6. Family Dynamics 7. Housing options 8. How they become a family unit 9. Abuse 10. Employment 11. Government Initiatives 12. Addiction PRE-ASSESSMENT Kahoot! https://play.kahoot.it/v2/?quizId=31082280-645f-42bc- b4d5-22407d1ef77c&hostId=a7d9da53-5b61-4724- 86f6-e014efb871d7  MENTALLY DISABLED These are limitations in intellectual functioning, which include: Problems with reasoning skills Difficulty with learning Problem solving There are also limitations with adaptive behavior which include: skills necessary for independent living. People with mental disabilities may have difficulties with: Communication Social Interaction Self-Care Academic or Vocational Skills  SPECIAL NEEDS People with special needs have variety of conditions that may affect intellectual, physical, social, emotional, and behavioral development. Can include: o Communication delays and disorder o Physical disabilities o Neurodevelopmental disabilities o Acquired brain injuries o Chronic conditions o ASD, Cerebral Palsy, Down Syndrome, and Spina Bifida  HOME LIFE Need for support at home: It depends on level of independence of the parent, their health and psychological condi