Building Vocabulary Skills & Strategies Level 5 PDF

HIGH-INTEREST BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS & STRATEGIES – Level 5 S K I L L S & S T R AT E G I E S FOR LEVELS 3 THROUGH 8 Each of the six books in this power-packed n...

HIGH-INTEREST BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS & STRATEGIES – Level 5 S K I L L S & S T R AT E G I E S FOR LEVELS 3 THROUGH 8 Each of the six books in this power-packed new series features: 100+ reproducible exercise pages 900–1,500 vocabulary words S K I L L S & S T R AT E G I E S Antonyms Dual emphasis on unlocking Clear instructions, friendly lesson / s meaning by analyzing word format, and charming illustrations S y n o ny m structure and by using context clues throughout Pr a rts of Spee ec c e P ch SAMPLE LESSON TOPICS is e o i synonyms / antonyms prefixes / suffixes Word C h s / Acro alphabetical order multiple-meaning words ion nym common / proper nouns present / past tense i a t s parts of speech syllabication A b b re v connotation / denotation similes / metaphors ary Skills homophones / homographs contractions / possessives tion abbreviations / acronyms Greek / Latin roots ic d s dictionary entries word origins thesaurus entries spelling demons D o r variant letter sounds words often confused Mu g W shades of meaning pronunciation ltiple-MeanM in idiomatic expressions euphemisms clichés selecting vivid words formal / informal language content area terms LEVEL 5 SADDLEBACK EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING Three Watson Saddlebook eBook Irvine, CA 92618-2767 Website: www.sdlback.com 100 REPRODUCIBLE ACTIVITIES BUILDING V OCABULARY SKILLS & STRATEGIES LEVEL 5 by JOANNE SUTER BUILDING V OCABULARY SKILLS & STRATEGIES LEVEL 3 LEVEL 4 LEVEL 5 ➬ LEVEL 6 LEVEL 7 LEVEL 8 Development and Production: Laurel Associates, Inc. Cover Design: Image Quest, Inc. Three Watson Irvine, CA 92618-2767 Website: www.sdlback.com Copyright © 2004 by Saddleback Educational Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher, with the exception below. Pages labeled with the statement Saddleback Educational Publishing © 2004 are intended for reproduction. Saddleback Publishing, Inc. grants to individual purchasers of this book the right to make sufficient copies of reproducible pages for use by all students of a single teacher. This permission is limited to a single teacher, and does not apply to entire schools or school systems. ISBN-10: 1-56254-723-2 ISBN-13: 978-1-56254-723-3 eBook: 978-1-60291-124-6 Printed in the United States of America 11 10 09 08 07 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2  CONTENTS Introduction.......................5 Prefixes 1........................42 Using Definitions 1.................6 Prefixes 2........................43 Using Definitions 2.................7 Prefixes 3........................44 Using Definitions 3.................8 Practice Page: Prefixes..............45 Using Definitions 4.................9 Suffixes 1........................46 Synonyms 1......................10 Suffixes 2........................47 Synonyms 2......................11 Suffixes 3........................48 Synonyms 3......................12 Suffixes 4........................49 Synonyms 4......................13 Suffixes 5........................50 Antonyms 1......................14 Suffixes and Prefixes...............51 Antonyms 2......................15 Practice Page: Suffixes and Prefixes....52 Antonyms 3......................16 Recognizing Word Parts.............53 Practice Page: Synonyms and Word Workout: More Weird and Antonyms......................17 Wonderful Words 1...............54 There’s English, and Then There’s Word Workout: More Weird and English….......................18 Wonderful Words 2...............55 Homonyms 1.....................19 Compound Words 1................56 Homonyms 2.....................20 Compound Words 2................57 Homonyms 3.....................21 Compound Words 3................58 Homonyms 4.....................22 Practice Page: Compound Words......59 Practice Page: Homonyms...........23 Word Workout....................60 Weird and Wonderful Words..........24 Parts of Speech 1..................61 Words in Context..................25 Parts of Speech 2..................62 Context Clues: Definitions...........26 Parts of Speech 3..................63 Context Clues: Examples............27 Parts of Speech 4..................64 Context Clues: Comparisons and Parts of Speech 5..................65 Contrasts......................28 Parts of Speech: Adverbs............66 Context Clues: Synonyms...........29 Practice Page: Parts of Speech........67 Words in Context..................30 Word Workout: More Weird Words in Context: Putting Words and Wonderful Words.............68 to Work........................31 Commonly Confused Words 1........69 Word Workout....................32 Commonly Confused Words 2........70 Multiple-Meaning Words 1...........33 Practice Page: Commonly Multiple-Meaning Words 2...........34 Confused Words.................71 Multiple-Meaning Words 3...........35 The Dictionary: Finding Your Word 1...72 Multiple-Meaning Words 4...........36 The Dictionary: Finding Your Word 2...73 Multiple-Meaning Words 5...........37 The Dictionary Entry Word: Practice Page: Multiple-Meaning Syllables 1......................74 Words.........................38 The Dictionary Entry Word: Word Workout....................39 Syllables 2......................75 Base Words 1.....................40 The Dictionary Entry Word: Spelling Help....................76 Base Words 2.....................41 The Dictionary Entry: Pronouncing Figures of Speech: Hyperbole 1......109 the Word 1......................77 Figures of Speech: Hyperbole 2......110 The Dictionary Entry: Pronouncing Figures of Speech: Similes the Word 2......................78 and Metaphors.................111 The Dictionary Entry: Pronouncing Figures of Speech: Similes..........112 the Word 3......................79 Levels of Meaning: Words Dictionary Entry: Word Definitions/ and Emotions 1.................113 Parts of Speech 1.................80 Levels of Meaning: Words Dictionary Entry: Word Definitions/ and Emotions 2.................114 Parts of Speech 2.................81 Levels of Meaning: Words Dictionary Entries: Multiple-Meaning and Emotions 3.................115 Words.........................82 Word Workout...................116 Using a Dictionary 1...............83 Choosing Your Words..............117 Using a Dictionary 2...............84 Abbreviations: Reading Labels.......118 Practice Page: Using a Dictionary......85 Word Workout...................119 Word Workout....................86 Words at Work: History 1...........120 The Thesaurus 1..................87 Words at Work: History 2...........121 The Thesaurus 2..................88 Using a Glossary.................122 Foreign Words and Phrases 1.........89 Words at Work: American Foreign Words and Phrases 2.........90 Government 1..................123 Word Origins: Greek Roots 1.........91 Words at Work: American Word Origins: Greek Roots 2.........92 Government 2..................124 Word Origins: Latin Roots 1..........93 Using a Glossary.................125 Word Origins: Latin Roots 2..........94 Words at Work: The Critic 1.........126 Word Origins: Latin Roots 3..........95 Words at Work: The Critic 2.........127 Word Origins.....................96 Words at Work: The Shopper........128 Analogies 1......................97 Word Workout: Some Ups and Analogies 2......................98 Downs of Vocabulary.............129 Analogies 3......................99 Words at Work: Health and Grooming 1....................130 Word Workout: More Weird and Wonderful Words 1..............100 Words at Work: Health and Grooming 2....................131 Word Workout: More Weird and Wonderful Words 2..............101 Words at Work: At the Computer.....132 Informal Language: Slang...........102 Tricky Spellings..................133 Informal Language................103 Practice Page: Tricky Spellings.......134 Standard and Nonstandard Power Workout: Review What Language......................104 You’ve Learned 1................135 Figures of Speech: Idioms 1.........105 Power Workout: Review What You’ve Learned 2................136 Figures of Speech: Idioms 2.........106 Scope and Sequence..............137 Figures of Speech: Idioms 3.........107 Answer Key.....................139 Word Workout...................108  INTRODUCTION Welcome to BUILDING VOCABULARY SKILLS & STRATEGIES! We at Saddleback Publishing, Inc. are proud to introduce this important supplement to your basal language arts curriculum. Our goal in creating this series was twofold: to help on-level and below-level students build their “word power” in short incremental lessons, and to provide you, the teacher, with maximum flexibility in deciding when and how to assign these exercises. All lessons are reproducible. That makes them ideal for homework, extra credit assignments, cooperative learning groups, or focused drill practice for selected ESL or remedial students. A quick review of the book’s Table of Contents will enable you to individualize instruction according to the varied needs of your students. Correlated to the latest research and current language arts standards in most states, the instructional design of Building Vocabulary Skills & Strategies is unusually comprehensive for a supplementary program. All important concepts—ranging from primary-level phonics to the nuances of connotation— are thoroughly presented from the ground up. Traditional word attack strategies and “getting meaning from context clues” are dually emphasized. As all educators know, assessment and evaluation of student understanding and skill attainment is an ongoing process. Here again, reproducible lessons are ideal in that they can be used for both pre- and post-testing. We further suggest that you utilize the blank back of every copied worksheet for extra reinforcement of that lesson’s vocabulary; spelling tests or short writing assignments are two obvious options. You can use the Scope and Sequence chart at the back of each book for recording your ongoing evaluations. Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Publishing, Inc., 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 5  USING DEFINITIONS 1 The definition of a word tells its meaning. Study the definitions below and use them as you complete this worksheet. adapt carnival freight transparent To adapt is to make usable or to change to fit new conditions. A carnival is traveling entertainment that usually includes sideshows, games, amusement rides, and refreshments. Carnival can also mean a time of feasting and merrymaking with parades, dances, and masquerades. Freight is a load of goods shipped by train, truck, ship, airplane, etc. Something transparent can be easily seen through or easily recognized. Use the definitions to decide which word best completes each sentence. Write the word on the line. 1. Mardi Gras is a famous 4. As suburbs grow, cougars have had ____________________ in New Orleans to ____________________ to humans that people celebrate with parades, moving into their environment. costumes, music, and dancing. 5. The clear window was more 2. A ____________________ train carries ____________________ than the goods from the manufacturer to the stained-glass window. marketplace. 6. Although Martha said she broke 3. The fence post is too short, so the the date because she had to study, rancher will ____________________ her real reasons were quite it by welding on more metal. ____________________. 6 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  USING DEFINITIONS 2 Review the definitions from the last worksheet. Then choose words from the box that best complete the paragraph. Write the word or form of the word on the lines. (You may use a word more than once.) adapt carnival freight transparent People saved their money. They ____________________ their regular schedules to make time for fun. With lots of games and thrill rides, the ____________________ had arrived in town! For the past two days, workers had been unloading ____________________ from brightly colored trucks. What an exciting life it must be to go from town to town with a ____________________! It could be hard, however, to ____________________ to the life of a traveler with no permanent roots. Now the gates were ready to open. A Ferris wheel turned high above the town’s tallest building. ____________________ plastic sheeting let light shine in but covered refreshment booths in case of rain. The fun was about to begin! Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 7  USING DEFINITIONS 3 You can often figure out a word’s definition by studying the other words in the sentence. conceited frustrate lavish opponent To be conceited is to have too high of an opinion of yourself. To frustrate someone is to keep that person from doing or getting something desirable. Lavish means very generous in giving or spending; much more than enough. To lavish is to spend or give generously. Opponents are individuals or teams, etc., that work against one another in a fight, contest, election, etc.; they are foes. Write T or F to tell whether each sentence below is true or false. 1. _____ Most celebrities enjoy quite a lavish lifestyle. 2. _____ Even poor parents can lavish their children with love. 3. _____ A cat might frustrate a dog by peering down at him from the top of a bookcase. 4. _____ You can’t be self-confident without being conceited. 5. _____ Opponents always share their game plans before taking the field. 6. _____ People might think a very shy person is aloof or conceited. 7. _____ Lavish banquet meals are always served with catsup and mustard. 8. _____ Opponents in a debate may be teammates in a sport. 9. _____ You can frustrate your own goals if you are too lazy to work hard. 8 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  USING DEFINITIONS 4 Review the definitions from the last worksheet. Then write sentences as instructed in each item below. 1. Write a sentence about a stuck-up person. Give an example of something he or she did. Use the word conceited. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Write a sentence about a time when things didn’t turn out the way you’d hoped. Use a form of the word frustrate. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Write a sentence telling about a very generous person. Use lavish as an adjective. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Now write a different sentence about the same very generous person. This time use lavish as a verb. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. In a sentence, describe a sporting event. Use the word opponent. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 9  SYNONYMS 1 Synonyms are words that have the same or similar meanings. Thinking of synonyms for familiar words can help you stretch your vocabulary. A. Review some words you’ve studied by thinking about their synonyms. Circle the synonym of each boldface word. (Use a dictionary as needed.) 1. adapt adjust refuse confuse 2. carnival zoo festival library 3. freight dock cargo business 4. transparent muddy black clear 5. conceited arrogant calm modest 6. frustrate please resist hinder 7. lavish thrifty ancient extravagant 8. opponent foe comrade assistant B. Write a boldface word from above that is a synonym of each word below. Use a dictionary as needed. You will write two words twice. 1. adversary ____________________ 6. translucent ____________________ 2. fair ____________________ 7. egotistical ____________________ 3. accommodate ____________________ 8. thwart ____________________ 4. shipment ____________________ 9. rival ____________________ 5. generous ____________________ 10. elaborate ____________________ 10 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  SYNONYMS 2 Most words have many synonyms (words with similar meanings). Read each group of words. Circle the one word that is NOT a synonym. Then think of another synonym and add it to the group. Write your synonym on the blank line. Use a dictionary as needed. The first one is done for you. 1. love disdain 8. amend revise fondness affection withdraw modify devotion ______________________ ______________________ 2. vehicle dory 9. alien foreign vessel skiff exotic capable ______________________ ______________________ 3. scheme plan 10. chasm chaos plot dinner confusion tumult ______________________ ______________________ 4. blunder error 11. blunt candid essay goof wild frank ______________________ ______________________ 5. complex complicated 12. sole solitary intricate wide sincere alone ______________________ ______________________ 6. costly bizarre 13. vex vend unique unusual annoy pester ______________________ ______________________ 7. hint clue 14. barter trade suggestion solution swap display ______________________ ______________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 11  SYNONYMS 3 Good writers use synonyms to avoid repeating words. Improve the writing below by eliminating the repeated words. Replace the boldface word with a synonym from the box. Write the new word on the line. favorite wacky spin 5. Television was new, and viewers celebrities crazes films loved the TV characters. Viewers audiences stylish laughed at the freckle-faced puppet Howdy Doody and his horn-honking 1. The 1950s was a decade of fads. Most pal, Clarabelle the Clown. fads of the fifties were crazy and fun. ______________________________ ______________________________ 6. Zany comedians had their own 2. Frontiersman Davy Crockett became TV shows. Lucille Ball, the zany a popular hero. Coonskin caps were star of I Love Lucy, became one of a popular style with kids around the favorite performers of all time. the country. ______________________________ ______________________________ 7. Fashionable girls wore pleated 3. Young people liked to twirl plastic skirts and bobby socks. Fashionable tubes called hula hoops around their boys wore blue jeans and varsity waists. They held contests to see who letter sweaters. could twirl a hoop the longest. ______________________________ ______________________________ 8. Rock and roll stars like Bill Haley 4. Another popular fad was 3D movies. and Buddy Holly rose to the top. At these movies, people wore special The biggest of the stars was glasses that made images look three Elvis Presley, known as the dimensional. “King of Rock and Roll.” ______________________________ ______________________________ 12 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  SYNONYMS 4 In many cases, more than one word will do the job. You get to choose the best one! That’s how synonyms work. Read each synonym pair. Then choose the word you like best and use it in an original sentence. 1. animal / beast ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 2. yell / screech ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. evening / twilight ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. tight / taut ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. exciting / exhilarating ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 13  ANTONYMS 1 Words with opposite meanings are antonyms. The words huge and tiny are examples of antonyms. A. Review some vocabulary words from earlier sheets as you work with antonyms. In each group, draw lines to match the words on the right with their antonyms on the left. 1. conceited a. sensible 2. transparent b. humble 3. opponent c. facilitate 4. zany d. opaque 5. frustrate e. comrade B. Complete each sentence with an antonym of the word in parentheses. Use a dictionary if you need help with word meanings. 1. The sea is usually very (placid) ____________________ during the winter months. 2. (Numerous) ____________________ fishing boats go out during December and January. 3. Arnie Bergstrum is a fisherman who (detests) ____________________ his work. 4. Early most (evenings) ____________________ Arnie steers his boat into the harbor. 5. He (departs) ____________________ at sunset, usually with a boatload of fresh fish. 14 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  ANTONYMS 2 Most words you’ll meet have antonyms! Read each pair of sentences. Find a word in the second sentence that is an antonym of the boldface word in the first sentence. Write the antonym pair on the lines. 1. Animals and humans have some similarities, such as their need for food, water, and sleep. One of the biggest differences between the two is the human’s ability to use language. _____________________ / _____________________ 4. But making a woofing noise and following commands is different 2. Although animals don’t talk, from using language. Animals anyone who owns a domestic spend much of their time in animal can tell you that a pet silence, unable to combine sounds expresses itself. Wild animals, too, into words. communicate ideas with each _____________________ / other. _____________________ _____________________ / _____________________ 5. Yes, fictional animals such as Mickey Mouse and Daffy Duck 3. A dog can make its presence can talk, and parrots can imitate known with a simple bark. It can some human words. There are, also respond to complicated hand however, no actual animals that and voice signals. can carry on a conversation! _____________________ / _____________________ / _____________________ _____________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 15  ANTONYMS 3 Will you stay inside or go outside? Do you prefer dry or wet weather? If you recognize the antonyms in those sentences, you’re ready to complete this worksheet. A. Circle the antonyms (words with opposite meanings) in each sentence. 1. I’ll believe the news when I read it in black and white! 2. Gina stood by her husband Rick through thick and thin. 3. The detectives searched the house from top to bottom. 4. Two wrongs don’t make a right! 5. The TV show airs once in the A.M. and again in the P.M. 6. With youth comes beauty; with age comes wisdom. B. Completely change the meaning of each sentence. Rewrite it, replacing the underlined word with an antonym. 1. The purple polka-dot bow tie is the best gift I’ve ever received. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. The audience was fascinated by Marcus the Magician and his tricks. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. After the hurricane, Barney became known as the town hero. ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Patty’s Pie Pantry serves the freshest desserts in town! ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Mr. and Mrs. Marks forbid their children to stay out past 10:00 P.M. ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. In Bay City, it’s illegal to enter a restaurant barefoot. ______________________________________________________________________________ 16 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  PRACTICE PAGE: SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS Check what you know. Review your work with synonyms and antonyms. A. Write A to identify each antonym pair. Write S to identify a synonym pair. 1. _____ fictional / actual 6. _____ fresh / stale 2. _____ zany / wacky 7. _____ noise / silence 3. _____ viewers / audience 8. _____ spin / twirl 4. _____ transparent / opaque 9. _____ celebrity / star 5. _____ conceited / modest 10. _____ fashionable / stylish B. Write a synonym for each word. 1. love ________________________ 6. barter ________________________ 2. blunder ________________________ 7. fad ________________________ 3. unique ________________________ 8. movie ________________________ 4. chaos ________________________ 9. skiff ________________________ 5. solitary ________________________ 10. exciting ________________________ C. Write an antonym for each word. 1. love ________________________ 6. numerous ________________________ 2. unique ________________________ 7. simple ________________________ 3. chaos ________________________ 8. forbid ________________________ 4. exciting ________________________ 9. illegal ________________________ 5. domestic ________________________ 10. A.M. ________________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 17  THERE’S ENGLISH, AND THEN THERE’S ENGLISH... In both Great Britain and America, you’ll find people speaking English. Let’s explore some differences in the words they use. A. Match each British term on the left with its American equivalent on the right. Draw lines to make the matches. (Use a good, large dictionary for help.) 1. car park a. elevator 2. flat b. subway 3. lorry c. truck 4. underground d. apartment 5. lift e. baby carriage 6. porridge f. oatmeal 7. perambulator (pram) g. parking lot B. Think about “car terms” as you spell the American name for each of these British automobile parts. Take a guess or check a good, large dictionary. 1. petrol tank: _______________________ 2. headlamp: _______________________ 4. tyre: _______________________ 3. bonnet: _______________________ 5. boot: _______________________ 18 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  HOMONYMS 1 There’s a big difference between a rain, a reign, and a rein even though the three words sound the same. We call different words that sound the same homonyms. Read each sentence and notice the homonyms in parentheses. Underline the correct homonym. 1. When the ( rein / rain ) began to fall, I opened my umbrella. 2. Queen Elizabeth I began her ( reign / rain ) over England in1558. 3. The rider used a light ( rein / reign ) to guide her horse. 4. A leather ( bridal / bridle ) fit over the horse’s head. 5. In China, the bride traditionally 9. Aunt Hilda, I ( owe / oh ) you wears a red ( bridal / bridle ) the price of the mug. gown. 10. It seems that just as I get 6. The eagle and the flag are interested in a program, the ( cymbals / symbols ) of our TV station will ( pause / paws ) country. for an ad. 7. With a clang of the ( cymbals / 11. The bear used its ( pause / paws ) symbols ) the band ended the to snatch the fish from the river. anthem. 12. We ( guest / guessed ) which 8. ( Owe / Oh ), my! I’ve broken Aunt ( guest / guessed ) would catch Hilda’s favorite mug! the bride’s bouquet. Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 19  HOMONYMS 2 The letter below is a homonym horror! There are 18 errors you’ll need to correct. Read the following letter. The number at the end of each line tells you how many homonym errors you’ll find in that line. Underline the incorrect homonyms. Then write the correct words below the letter. 2) , (1 ) n e i g h bors? ( net ew Deer Ja a b o u t our kn e big (1 ) u h e r d a g r a t Have yo day du ring (4) la s t S a t u r t h a t s um of oved in ot sew wet 2) They m r n it u r e g n d o ffered ( f u over a l their ye went rein. Aw l a c e d. E o r k ing at (1) r e p w o bee ed up it had t a w h i le. I end h e y gave (2) fo u r km e , t them To than (2) to help l k n ig h t. t o be good a l in g house o we ar e go (2) they’re n ce. I n h e m when r e s e me a t t ral p r you to me seve u s fo u io I’m anx friends. (1) h om e. ou ’r e friend, you get Y ha Samant Correct homonyms: 1. ____________________ 7. ___________________ 13. ____________________ 2. ____________________ 8. ___________________ 14. ____________________ 3. ____________________ 9. ___________________ 15. ____________________ 4. ____________________ 10. ___________________ 16. ____________________ 5. ____________________ 11. ___________________ 17. ____________________ 6. ____________________ 12. ___________________ 18. ____________________ 20 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  HOMONYMS 3 The homonyms you’ll work with on this page all begin with the letter a, b, or c. Complete each rhyme with the correct homonym. Circle the word you choose. 1. This diamond’s mine. 5. Vote for Elle; she’s fair I love to wear it. and thorough. It sparkles ’cause it’s one full She’s running for ( caret / carat / carrot ). office in a New York ( burrow / borough / burro ). 2. At the wedding of Jill and Walter, 6. The spooky ghoul did rave White candles twinkled on the and rant. ( alter / altar ). It spoke its own unusual ( cant / can’t ). 3. Oh, no! Please don’t send Jim to jail! 7. To memorize words I’ll be glad to pay all of his and make your teacher ( bail / bale ). very proud, Try writing them down 4. I love all pies—apple and cherry, and saying them Pecan, peach, and especially ( allowed / aloud ). ( berry / bury ). Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 21  HOMONYMS 4 Review the last worksheet. Write a sentence using each homonym you did not circle. Underline each homonym that you use. 1. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 4. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 6. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 7. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 8. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 9. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 22 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  PRACTICE PAGE: HOMONYMS A. Unscramble the letters to write the homonym of the boldface word. 1. cymbal Y B O M L S ____________________ 2. paws S A U P E ____________________ 3. bury R E R Y B ____________________ 4. aloud L E D O L A W ____________________ 5. sum O S E M ____________________ B. Read each sentence. Write a C on the line if the boldface homonym is correct. Put a check mark (✓ ✓) on the line if the homonym is incorrect. Fix the error by writing the correct homonym after the sentence. 1. _____ King Tobias IV began his reign 5. _____ The invitation said: “Your by freeing all the zoo animals. presents is requested at the _____________________________ June 6 wedding of Marvin Mumford and Maude Melcher.” 2. _____ The rider pulled back on the _____________________________ reign, and the horse stopped. _____________________________ 6. _____ You’re not going to see a wedding like that very often! 3. _____ Some people think that their _____________________________ eyesight can be improved by eating a carat a day. 7. _____ If the tuxedos don’t fit, a _____________________________ seamstress can alter them. _____________________________ 4. _____ All the men in the bridle party wore purple and pink 8. _____ Kernel Kelly will be stationed striped tuxedos. in Hawaii next summer. _____________________________ _____________________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 23  WEIRD AND WONDERFUL WORDS Some words just sound great! They feel good on the tongue and excite the imagination. Read each boldface word aloud. Then circle the letter of its meaning. These words may be unfamiliar, so check a dictionary. 1. banshee a. a nightclub that does not allow women b. in Irish folk tales, a female spirit who wails when someone is about to die c. to be sent away for a long time 2. akimbo 5. catarrh a. a Japanese gown a. a cold-like condition with a runny nose b. extremely thin and unhealthy b. the sound of an automobile c. standing with elbows bent and engine on a freezing day hands on hips c. a valuable metal 3. behemoth 6. caterwaul a. a very large, powerful thing a. a large, round fruit with b. a type of white, wool-eating orange flesh moth b. a difficult problem c. the place where a river runs into the sea c. screeching sound sometimes made by a cat 4. carbuncle 7. foible a. a type of automobile seatbelt a. a small fault or weakness b. a red, boil-like swelling of character beneath the skin b. a story with a moral c. a relative living in a distant place c. a long metal strip 24 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  WORDS IN CONTEXT Remember that the other words in a phrase, sentence, or paragraph are a word’s context. The context helps you understand the new word’s meaning. Read each sentence. Guess the meaning of the boldface words from their context. Circle the letter of the word’s meaning. During the cold winter, the forest The crocus is a harbinger of spring, animals had to forage in the usually blooming in February. underbrush to survive. 4. A crocus is a: 1. To forage is to: a. small plant with white, purple, a. look about for food or yellow flowers b. starve b. common bird much like a robin c. plant crops c. warm breeze that blows from the south The glutton pushed away his empty plate, closed his eyes, and burped. 5. A harbinger is a: a. thing that indicates what’s 2. A glutton is a: to come a. silly clown b. thing of value or great b. kindly gentleman importance c. greedy eater c. strange or unexpected thing Cindy gagged and turned her head Noah can’t really fix cars, but he likes away when she saw the odious pile to tinker with engines. of rotted food. 6. To tinker is to: 3. Odious means: a. buy things in large quantities a. tempting, inviting b. look at for long periods of time b. very unpleasant, disgusting c. busy oneself without c. artistically arranged accomplishing much Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 25  CONTEXT CLUES: DEFINITIONS Clues can help you get word meanings from context. Sometimes you’ll find a new word’s definition within a sentence. A. Read each sentence. Look for a definition of the boldface word in the context. Underline that definition. Use the first item as an example. 1. Some superstitious people believe the number 13 is a jinx—a thing that brings bad luck. 2. Because the class was too noisy, the teacher had to reiterate, or repeat herself over and over. 3. Spiders are the most common arachnids, eight-legged insects with 6. Mr. Melnichuck, the neighborhood bodies that are divided into two grouch, called us hoodlums, or sections. people who have no respect for the law. 4. When Byron the bully pushes kids around on the playground, 7. Blake thinks that his goatee, a he shows his belligerence, or small pointed beard, makes him eagerness to fight. look older. 5. Belladonna, a poisonous plant 8. Ryan hopes to become an with black berries, is used to orthodontist—a dentist who make a number of medicines. specializes in straightening teeth. B. Review the sentences above. Then circle words and symbols below that were used to let you know a word will be defined. 1. — 3. that is 5. afterwards 7. or 9. ! 2. in other words 4. “ 6. thus 8. because 10. , 26 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  CONTEXT CLUES: EXAMPLES A word’s context will sometimes contain examples. These can give you a clue to meaning. Underline the examples that help explain the meaning of the boldface word. Then circle the letter that gives the word’s definition. The first one has been done for you. 1. Marshall High School has introduced a new 5. Sara is a very inept seamstress curriculum that includes the study who, for example, sewed the of economics, health, and business math. sleeves on a jacket inside out. Curriculum means: Inept means: a. the courses of study in a school a. experienced b. after-school activities b. unskillful, bungling 2. Marva has become rather apathetic 6. Garth enjoys contact sports about her studies, daydreaming in such as football and rugby. class and skipping school. Contact sports: Apathetic means: a. involve impact and a. uninterested, indifferent touching b. overly concerned, worried b. take place indoors 3. Maria is bilingual, speaking both 7. When in Washington D.C. English and Spanish. we visited several Bilingual means: monuments, such as a. worldly, well-traveled the Lincoln Memorial and the Vietnam War b. able to use two languages Memorial. 4. The menu includes several mollusks, Monuments are: such as clams, oysters, and mussels. a. theme parks with Mollusks are: thrill rides a. soft-bodied animals with shells b. structures created in b. meal starters such as salads and soups memory of a person or happening Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 27  CONTEXT CLUES: COMPARISONS AND CONTRASTS Sometimes a writer will compare or contrast things to provide a clue to understanding. Use the comparison or contrast in each item to figure out the meaning of the boldface word. Then circle the words that best complete the definition. 1. Monica prefers bland foods to spicy 5. Robert’s rental house turned out to or strongly flavored dishes. be a hovel rather than the mansion he’d imagined. Bland means ( mild / healthy ). A hovel is ( a small, broken-down house / an apartment building ). 2. His vision was keen, like a hawk that spots a mouse from the air. 6. When Jake had influenza he felt Keen means ( very sharp / worse than when he had a cold. extremely poor ). Influenza is a ( viral disease / broken bone ). 3. Michelle’s dress is subdued, unlike Sara’s, which is flashy and a bit gaudy. Subdued means ( tight-fitting / modest, simple ). 4. Blakely Shampoo makes my hair shimmer, but City Girl Shampoo leaves it looking dull. To shimmer is to ( shine / break off ). 28 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  CONTEXT CLUES: SYNONYMS By providing a synonym (word with a similar meaning), a writer can help readers understand an unfamiliar term. Read each item. Circle the synonym of the boldface word. 1. Many of us have some sort of phobia, or unreasonable fear. 2. Because some people are afraid of reptiles, they tremble at the thought of snakes. 3. During his last run of the day, 7. When the hospital needs extra the skier fell and fractured his power, a generator serves as clavicle, or collarbone. an auxiliary energy source. 4. Some cold medicines make people 8. Margaret sometimes uses lethargic, so they feel drowsy blandishments to get what until the dose wears off. she wants, but her flattery seldom wins true friends. 5. The city council asked the mayor to present some rationale, or 9. The femur, or thighbone, is reasons, for her decision. the largest bone in the body. 6. The musical piece changed 10. Because Stanley’s greatest fault cadence when the rhythm is greed, his avarice finally drove gradually switched tempo him to a life of crime. from slow to quick. Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 29  WORDS IN CONTEXT Read the passage. Use context clues to decide the meaning of each boldface word. Write your definitions on the lines below the passage. The Magic Wand “It’s just sixteen bucks,” said the however, want to be a baseball star. man at the resale store. “This baton Conductor Diego Ramero wielded a once belonged to the renowned stick, and I held a bat. Good enough! maestro, Diego Ramero. The famous The magic ought to work. genius conducted a grand symphony. The baton became my talisman— Some say Ramero’s stick has mystical my good luck charm. Suddenly, I powers. To own this wand is to excelled in everything! I passed tests. possess almost magical greatness.” I hit home runs. I swaggered around I didn’t care much about leading school, walking tall, and holding my musicians in an orchestra. I did, head high. I owned the magic wand! 1. baton: _____________________________________________________________________ 2. renowned: _________________________________________________________________ 3. maestro: __________________________________________________________________ 4. conducted: ________________________________________________________________ 5. symphony: ________________________________________________________________ 6. mystical: __________________________________________________________________ 7. wielded: ___________________________________________________________________ 8. talisman: __________________________________________________________________ 9. excelled: ___________________________________________________________________ 10. swaggered: ________________________________________________________________ 30 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  WORDS IN CONTEXT: PUTTING WORDS TO WORK Reread the story from the last worksheet. Then answer the following questions. Use at least one word from the box in each answer. Underline the words where you use them. excelled inept jinx mystical superstition talisman 1. Do you swagger when you feel good or bad about yoursel f ? Explain your answer. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Do you think a good luck charm could really help a person succeed? Explain your answer. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Carrying a good luck charm is one type of superstition. Define the word superstition. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Have you heard of any superstitions about good or bad luck? This might be an item—like Diego Ramero’s baton—or an action, like throwing spilled salt over your shoulder. Tell about the superstition. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 31  WORD WORKOUT Can you recognize word groups? In each group below, all the words but one have something in common. Cross out the word in each group that does not fit in with the others in the group. On the blank line, write another word that would fit in the group. Then explain what each group is. Use the first one as an example, and use a dictionary as needed. 1. gardener teenager 5. New Jersey India electrician detective Russia Canada salesperson mechanic ___________________ Peru ___________________ All these are jobs. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 2. cockroach cicada 6. jazz blues beetle mosquito reggae stereo swan ___________________ rock ___________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 3. notorious illustrious 7. witness attorney strong well-known defendant prosecutor renowned ___________________ waiter ___________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 4. smirk sneer 8. headache nausea frown laugh sore throat cramps grimace ___________________ tea bag ___________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 32 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  MULTIPLE-MEANING WORDS 1 Many words have more than one meaning, depending on how they are used. The following story should prove that point! Read the conversation below. Then answer the questions. A Mouse in the House Felicia overheard Kate and Doug talking. She listened closely. “I just bought a new mouse,” Doug said, “and it’s a lot better than my old one! It moves much more quickly. I really love it!” Felicia shivered at the thought of having a rodent for a pet. She heard Kate reply, “That sounds great. I’d like to get one too. Was it very expensive?” Felicia couldn’t believe her ears! How could her friend Kate think of bringing a creature like a mouse into her house? She shuddered and left the room. “This mouse was worth every penny,” Doug continued the conversation. “Now I find it much easier to work with my computer.” 1. Explain the misunderstanding. Define the thing Felicia believed that Doug had purchased. ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Explain what Doug had actually bought. ___________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. What does it mean when a person is described as a “mouse”? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 33  MULTIPLE MEANING WORDS 2 Upon hearing a word, different people might think of different things. That’s because many words have more than one meaning. Explain the meaning each boldface item would most likely have to the following people. Use a dictionary if you need one. snake 1. to a zoologist: ______________________________________________________________ 2. to a plumber: ______________________________________________________________ fence 3. to a gardener: ______________________________________________________________ 4. to a thief: __________________________________________________________________ 5. to a swordsman: ___________________________________________________________ brush 6. to a hair stylist: ____________________________________________________________ 7. to a forest fire fighter: ______________________________________________________ 8. to a painter: _______________________________________________________________ fault 9. to a geologist: ______________________________________________________________ 10. to a lawyer: ________________________________________________________________ 11. to a tennis player: __________________________________________________________ bulb 12. to an electrician: ___________________________________________________________ 13. to a landscaper: ____________________________________________________________ 34 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  MULTIPLE-MEANING WORDS 3 It’s a fact: Words can mean different things in different situations! Here’s some further practice with multiple-meaning words. Explain the meaning each boldface item would most likely have to the following people. Use a dictionary as needed. canvas 1. to a tent maker: ____________________________________________________________ 2. to an artist: ________________________________________________________________ bug 3. to a detective: ______________________________________________________________ 4. to an exterminator: _________________________________________________________ 5. to a mechanic: _____________________________________________________________ 6. to a babysitter: _____________________________________________________________ deliver 7. to a postal worker: _________________________________________________________ 8. to an obstetrician: __________________________________________________________ 9. to a spokesperson: _________________________________________________________ buck 10. to a rodeo rider: ____________________________________________________________ 11. to a banker: ________________________________________________________________ 12. to a hunter: ________________________________________________________________ Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com 35  MULTIPLE-MEANING WORDS 4 Study the multiple-meaning words in the box. Think about the different ways each word can be used. pool check hood gulf build Write the word from the box that completes each sentence. 1. When the rainstorm began, Sarah 8. People who __________________ homes was glad that her jacket had a in an earthquake zone should take __________________ to protect her hair. special precautions. 2. As the rain fell, water began to 9. When the car engine stalled, Gretchen __________________ in the gutters. didn’t know how to open the __________________. 3. It seemed to Sarah that the puddles she crossed were as wide 10. “If we __________________ our ideas,” as the __________________ of Mexico! Gretchen said to her passengers, “maybe we can figure out how to 4. After stepping in a puddle, Sarah get the car started again.” stopped to __________________ the condition of her shoes. 11. Gretchen didn’t have enough cash to pay for a tow truck, so she wrote a 5. When the teacher returned __________________ on her bank account. Damon’s exam, he was sorry to see __________________ marks 12. Juan works out in the local gym, so he showing wrong answers. has a muscular ______________. 6. Clearly, he’d spent more time 13. Juan and his parents come from swimming at the neighborhood different generations, and there’s a __________________ than studying __________________ between their in the library. ways of thinking. 7. During the earthquake, buildings 14. Still, Juan and his parents continue to trembled, and a _________________ __________________ a good relationship opened up in the earth. based on trust and respect. 36 Building Vocabulary Skills and Strategies, Level 5 Saddleback Educational Publishing ©2004 3 Watson, Irvine, CA 92618 Phone (888) SDL-BACK www.sdlback.com  MULTIPLE-MEANING WORDS 5 It’s time to take this multiple-meaning challenge! A. Think of a word that has all the following definitions. Write that word here: _______________________ headdress of gold, jewels, etc. worn by a king or queen first place in a contest; the championship the top part of the head the top part of anything the part of a tooth that sticks out from the gum [slang] to hit over the head B. Now write sentences. Use the multiple-meaning word you wrote above in each of the six ways it’s defined. 1. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________