Immunity: Your Body's Defense System PDF
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This document explains the immune system and how it protects the body from harmful microorganisms like bacteria and viruses. It describes the role of different types of white blood cells and the processes involved in an immune response, such as inflammation and antibody production.
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Immunity: Your Body's Defense System What is Immunity? Immunity is your body's natural defense system that protects you from harmful microorganisms like bacteria and viruses. It helps your body fight off infections and keep you healthy. The Role of White Blood Cells White blood cells, also known...
Immunity: Your Body's Defense System What is Immunity? Immunity is your body's natural defense system that protects you from harmful microorganisms like bacteria and viruses. It helps your body fight off infections and keep you healthy. The Role of White Blood Cells White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are the soldiers of your immune system. They are constantly patrolling your body, looking for invaders. Here are the main types of white blood cells and their roles: 1. Neutrophils: These are the most common type of white blood cell. They are like the first responders, rushing to the site of infection to engulf and destroy bacteria and fungi. 2. Lymphocytes: These cells are involved in specific immunity. ○ B lymphocytes: They produce antibodies, which are proteins that bind to specific antigens on the surface of invaders, marking them for destruction. ○ T lymphocytes: They directly attack infected cells and help regulate the immune response. How Immunity Works When a foreign invader enters your body, your immune system recognizes it as a threat. It then triggers a series of responses to eliminate the invader: 1. Inflammation: This is a localized response characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain. It helps to isolate the infection and attract immune cells to the site. 2. Antibody Production: B lymphocytes produce antibodies that bind to the invader, neutralizing it or marking it for destruction by other immune cells. 3. Cellular Immunity: T lymphocytes directly attack infected cells and coordinate the immune response. By understanding how your immune system works, you can take steps to boost your immunity, such as eating a healthy diet, getting enough sleep, and exercising regularly.
