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### The Indian Constitution **Let’s learn about…** * The Indian Constitution * The framing of The Constitution * The nature of the Indian Constitution * The need for a constitution * The preamble to the Indian Constitution * The guiding principles of the Indian Constitution **Key Terms:** * Co...

### The Indian Constitution **Let’s learn about…** * The Indian Constitution * The framing of The Constitution * The nature of the Indian Constitution * The need for a constitution * The preamble to the Indian Constitution * The guiding principles of the Indian Constitution **Key Terms:** * Constitution * Equality * Liberty * Fraternity * Sovereign * Socialist * Secular * Democratic * Republic * Justice * Parliament * Preamble * Constituent Assembly * Central Government **Reflect** Where do you think the powers of a government come from? **Need for a Constitution** Imagine a school without any fixed rules. There would be no punctuality and anyone would come or leave whenever they want. Would you like school then? No, you would not, and this is why we need rules. We follow rules in school, at home, on the road, in a restaurant and even in movie theaters. An absence of rules causes confusion and chaos. Therefore, it is important that a country has rules too, so that law and order is maintained. India was ruled by the British till it gained independence on 15 August, 1947. The British imposed certain rules on the Indians when they came to India. Indians had no say in matters relating to their own country and were forced to follow these rules. As the situation in India deteriorated, protests against the British rule started all over the country. Some of these protests were violent. However, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, a non-violent movement for independence began in India. The struggle to freedom was long and difficult. When India attained freedom, it was faced with many socio-economic issues. Many people were uneducated and they were divided by the caste system. Equality among the people could be achieved only by making it a law, so that everybody would get the same opportunities and benefits. **chaos**: a complete state of disorder; **deteriorate**: to make or become worse