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# The Brain The brain is comprised of three main parts: * **Brain Stem** * **Reticular** - Regulates sleep and wakefulness * **Periphery Sensory** - Connects sensory organs from the environment. Signals go through thalamus & appropriate cortical areas. * **Autonomic Sensory** - Respon...

# The Brain The brain is comprised of three main parts: * **Brain Stem** * **Reticular** - Regulates sleep and wakefulness * **Periphery Sensory** - Connects sensory organs from the environment. Signals go through thalamus & appropriate cortical areas. * **Autonomic Sensory** - Responsible for perception of sensations. * **Periphery Reward** - Regulates memory and behavior. Midbrain connects to the nucleus accumbens, the ventral tegmental area, the amygdala, and the frontal cortex. * **Limbic** - Regulates emotions. Communicates with the nucleus accumbens and the frontal cortex to strengthen drug-seeking behavior. * **Learning** - Responsible for learning and memory formation. The sensory organs connect to thalamus, travels to the hippocampus, and finally the frontal cortex. * **Cerebellum** - Controls coordination and balance. * **Cerebrum** - The cerebrum is comprised of 4 lobes: * **Frontal lobe** - Controls movement, attention, short-term memory, planning and speech. * **Parietal lobe** - Involved in processing information including touch, spatial awareness, and sensory inputs. * **Temporal lobe** - Decodes sensory inputs, including visual and auditory information. Also involves memory formation and language comprehension. * **Occipital lobe** - Primarily responsible for processing visual information. * **Cerebellum** - Involved in emotion, motivation, and memory formation. ## The Meninges The meninges are three layers of tissue that protect the brain and spinal cord: * **Dura Mater** - Provides support for blood vessels and delivers blood to the CNS. * **Arachnoid** - Allows for the exchange of nutrients and waste. * **Pia Mater** - Supplies the cerebral and spinal cord with oxygen and nutrients. It also contains cerebrospinal fluid, which protects the spinal cord. ## Neuron Anatomy * **Dendrites** - Receive information. * **Nucleus/Soma** - Where DNA is made. * **Axone** - Sends signals. * **Myelon Sheath** - Insulates axon, allowing for faster signal transmission. * **Axon Terminals** - Sends signals to other neurons.