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## Bacterial Infections ### Table 1: Bacterial Infections Overview | Bacteria | Features | Symptoms | Transmission | Prevention | |---|---|---|---|---| | *Bacillus cereus* | | emetic type: associated with rice; incubation period: 1-6 hrs diarrheal type: associated with meat; incubation period: 1-...

## Bacterial Infections ### Table 1: Bacterial Infections Overview | Bacteria | Features | Symptoms | Transmission | Prevention | |---|---|---|---|---| | *Bacillus cereus* | | emetic type: associated with rice; incubation period: 1-6 hrs diarrheal type: associated with meat; incubation period: 1-24 hrs | Ingestion of spores | Food sanitation | | *Clostridium botulinum* | G(+) bacilli Sporefoming Obligate anaerobe Drumstick bacillus | Classical or food-borne - associated with canned food or smoked fish Infant botulism flaccid paralysis, floppy baby Associated with sudden infant death (SIDS)/ crib death Wound botulism tetanus | Ingestion of contaminated food, entry of spores in an open wound | Food sanitation | | *Clostridium tetani* | | muscular spasms. first area of infection are the muscles of the jaw (masseter) - trismus/lockjaw) | Entry of spores in an open wound | active immunization with toxoids | | *Clostridium perfringens* | | Gas gangrene Risus sardonicus - sardonic smile Opisthotonus- persistent spasms of neck and back Hyperreflexia Seizures Tetanus neonatorum -in newborns S/S: foul-smelling discharge, necrosis, fever, hemolysis, toxemia, shock, and death diarrhea plaques and microabscesses | Entry of spores in an open wound | surgical debridement antitoxins | | *Clostridium difficile* | | Food poisoning Pseudomembrane colitis pimple | Ingestion of spores | Food sanitation | | *Propionibacterium acnes* | G(+) bacilli N flora of the skin Non-sporeformin g | | Ingestion of spores | Food sanitation | | *Corynebacterium diphtheriae* | G(+) bacilli Non-sporeformin g club-shaped appearance) Has metachromatic | Diphtheria formation of adherent pseudomembrane in tonsils and throat Extension of pseudomembrane into the larynx | Respiratory droplet | Vaccination |