Summary

These are notes on vocabulary and grammar, covering units 1, 2, and 3. The notes explain different concepts such as necessity and obligation, existence, mission, and different grammatical tenses.

Full Transcript

# Aim High ## Vocab Unit 3 - Consciousless - Bandage - Crutches - Stand out (noticable) - All-round - Impressive - Fees - Socialize (friends) - Shatter (damage) - Transform (Change) - Pump (v)(n) - Elite (thought to be the best) - Compatriots (people of the same country) - Hyperactive (more energy...

# Aim High ## Vocab Unit 3 - Consciousless - Bandage - Crutches - Stand out (noticable) - All-round - Impressive - Fees - Socialize (friends) - Shatter (damage) - Transform (Change) - Pump (v)(n) - Elite (thought to be the best) - Compatriots (people of the same country) - Hyperactive (more energy) - Background - Overcome - Mainstream - Achieve - Ambitious - Incentive - Inspire - Motivation - Persevere - Stimulate ### Necessity and Obligation - **Must + inf** - Internal obligation - Rules, law - Strong advice - It is necessary - **Have to + inf** - External obligation - **Must Negative** - (needn't - doesn't have to) - Don't - **Mustn't + in** - Prohibition/منع - → It is not allowed - Build on - Pay off - Fall through - Pull off - Keep up - Lose out ## Vocab Unit 1 - Existence - Indispensable/important - Dependence - Carry out (do task) - Insistence - Browse - Preference - Diverse (different) - Residence - Archive (documents) - Achieve - Achievement - Conventional (traditional) - Acknowledgement - Fields - Entertainment - Time consuming (takes time) - Involvement - Evolving (gradually) - Combination - Revolutionized (completely) - Streamed (live) - Continually (all time) - Blogs - Recommendations - Organisation - Management - Criteria (standards) - Copyright - Encyclopedia - Format - Decline (less good) - Profound (important) - Catalogue (list) - Carry out - Perform a task - Create an opportunity - Increase - Have - Prices - Compare - Fees - Break up - Keep - Grant - Health - Blog - Cram - Write - Marks - Enroll - Tasks - Sit for exams - Meet - Establish criteria - Agree with - Accept recommendations - Watch - record - Carry out - I do - Research - Programme ## Vocab Unit 2 - Mission - task - Unlike (contrast) - Scorching (hot) - Dense - Self-esteem - Solo (alone) - Hardships - Civil war - Kidnapped - Fled free - Put off - Valuable - Waterways - Unexplored - Jungle - Clearing - Follage - Undergrowth - Mountain - Range - Pass - Summit - Desert - Dunes - Stand storm - Oasis - Sea - Shore - Tide - Wave - Accomplished (high skilled) - Well: successfully done - Hyper (more than normal) - Self: refers to individual person - Half: unfinished - Multi: large number of (sth) - Past simple! - Action completed in a specific time - Backpack - Kayak - Compass - Camping stove - First aid kit - Paddle - GPS system - Water proof - Tent - Flask - Sleeping bag - Life jacket - Matches - Past continuous! - Shorter past action interrupted along a longer action. - Long past action interrupted by a shorter one. - Action continuous in a period in the past. ## Grammar Unit 1 - *Back up* (make a copy) - *Cut out* (remove from text) - *Charge up* - *Find out* (discover) - *Sum up* (summarize) - *Set out* (organize) - *Turn up* (increase) - *Turn down* (reduce) - *Drop out of* - *Copy in* (send a copy) - *Workout* (solve) - *Hand in* - *Plug in* - *Switch* (on-off) ### Present Perfect - Describe activities that started in the past and have a connection with the present (describe recently action) - Describe an action mentioning with a specific time. (no number) ### Present Perfect Continuous - Describe an action started in the past and are unfinished and still going on now. ### Present Simple - Habits and repeated actions. - Facts. - Timetables. - **Since** point in the past / past simple - **For** period of time - **P.P.C** - **Since** - **For** - I've studied English for 12 years (since I was...) - It (is) has been 12 years since I've studied English. ### Present Continuous - Happening at the moment of speaking. - Temporary or changing activities. ## Grammar Unit 2 - **Had + p.p.** - **Had been + p.p.** (passive) #### Past Perfect - To describe the first action that took place before another action in the past. - **By 2020** - Past perfect in 2020: past simple #### Past Perfect Continuous - To describe an uncompleted action that took place before a second past action. - **Would + inf** - **Used to + inf** - Refers to typical past behavior - **Used to + inf** - A habit or routine that no longer happens. - **Be used to + inf**

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