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WEEK: 10 LESSON TITLE: Communication Technology TOPIC PRESENTED BY: DAVID KELVIN M. BANAAG III PPT UPDATED BY: Learning Outcomes At the end of the lesson the student should be able to: ü Understand the uses of Internet ü Define the functionality of different social medi...

WEEK: 10 LESSON TITLE: Communication Technology TOPIC PRESENTED BY: DAVID KELVIN M. BANAAG III PPT UPDATED BY: Learning Outcomes At the end of the lesson the student should be able to: ü Understand the uses of Internet ü Define the functionality of different social media application ü Evaluate the effect of social media About INTERNET  WHAT IS A NETWORK? A network is a set of devices (often referred to as nodes) connected by communication links.  WHAT IS THE INTERNET? A network of networks, joining many government, university, and private computers together and providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext documents, databases, and other computational resources. The vast collection of computer networks form and act as a single huge network for transporting data and messages across distances, which can be anywhere from the same office to anywhere in the world. A Brief History of the Internet The Internet started in the 1960s as a way for government researchers to share information. Computers in the '60s were large and immobile. To use information stored in any one computer, one had to either travel to the site of the computer or have magnetic computer tapes sent through the conventional postal system. Another catalyst in the formation of the Internet was the heating up of the Cold War. The Soviet Union's launch of the Sputnik satellite spurred the U.S. Defense Department to consider ways information could still be disseminated even after a nuclear attack. This eventually led to the formation of the ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), the network that ultimately evolved into what we now know as the Internet. ARPANET was a great success, but membership was limited to certain academic and research organizations with contracts with the Defense Department. In response to this, other networks were created to share information. January 1, 1983, is considered the official birthday of the Internet. Prior to this, the various computer networks did not have a standard way to communicate with each other. A new communications protocol called Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Work Protocol (TCP/IP) was established. This allowed different kinds of computers on different networks to "talk" to each other. ARPANET and the Defense Data Network officially changed to the TCP/IP standard on January 1, 1983, hence the birth of the Internet. A universal language could now connect all networks.  WHAT IS THE WEB? The Web (World Wide Web) consists of information organized into Web pages containing text and graphic images. It contains hypertext links, or highlighted keywords and images that lead to related information. A collection of linked Web pages that has a common theme or focus is called a Web site. The main page that all of the pages on a particular Web site are organized around and link back to is called the site’s home page.  HOW TO ACCESS THE INTERNET? Many schools and businesses have direct access to the Internet using special high-speed communication lines and equipment. Students and employees can access the organization's local area networks (LAN) or personal computers. Another way to access the Internet is through an Internet Service Provider (I.S.P.). To access the Internet, an existing network needs to pay a small registration fee and agree to certain standards based on the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) reference model. Each organization pays for its own networks and its own telephone bills, but those costs usually exist independent of the Internet. The regional Internet companies route, and forward all traffic and the cost is still only that of a local telephone call.  INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP) A commercial organization with a permanent connection to the Internet that sells temporary connections to subscribers. Top Internet Service Providers in the Philippines (from Grit PH) 1. PLDT Home 2. Globe Fiber 3. Converge ICT Solutions 4. SKY Fiber 5. Starlink 6. Smart Bro Home Wifi 7. DITO Telecommunity 8. Red Fiber  CLIENT/SERVER STRUCTURE OF THE WEB Web is a collection of files that reside on computers, called Web servers, that are located all over the world and are connected to each other through the Internet. When you use your Internet connection to become part of the Web, your computer becomes a Web client in a worldwide client/server network. A Web browser is the software you run on your computer to make it work as a web client.  ADDRESSES ON THE WEB: I.P. ADDRESSING Each computer on the Internet has a unique identification number called an I.P. (Internet Protocol) address. The I.P. addressing system currently used on the Internet uses a four- part number. Each part of the address is a number ranging from 0 to 255, and each part is separated from the previous part by period, For example, 106.29.242.17  DOMAIN NAME ADDRESSING Most web browsers do not use the I.P. address to locate Websites and individual pages. They use domain name addressing. A domain name is a unique name associated with a specific I.P. address by a program that runs on an Internet host computer. This program, which coordinates the I.P. addresses and domain names for all computers attached to it, is called DNS (Domain Name System ) software. The host computer that runs this software is called a domain name server.  UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATORS The I.P. address and the domain name each identify a particular computer on the Internet. However, they do not indicate where a Web page's HTML document resides on that computer. Web browsers rely on the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) to identify a Web page's exact location. URL is a four-part addressing scheme that tells the Web browser: o What transfer protocol to use for transporting the file o The domain name of the computer on which the file resides o The pathname of the folder or directory on the computer on which the file resides o The name of the file  HYPERTEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL The transfer protocol is the set of rules that the computers use to move files from one computer to another on the Internet. The most common transfer protocol used on the Internet is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Two other protocols that you can use on the Internet are the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and the Telnet Protocol About SOCIAL MEDIA  HOW PEOPLE USE SOCIAL MEDIA: for self-expression (sharing posts that portray who you are and what you care about); for relational interactions (messaging and connecting with family, friends, and romantic interests); For exploration (searching areas of interest); and for browsing (general scrolling through feeds and apps). SOME NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO STUDENTS 1. Multitasking 2. Time Wastage 3. Reduction in real - life contact SOME NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO STUDENTS 4. Reduced learning 5. Addiction and Distraction 6. Poor grammar 7. Dependency on spell-check features BENEFITS OF SOCIAL MEDIA FOR STUDENTS -emertxe.com 1. Learning & Networking 2. For Creative Expression 3. Experience Global Exposure 4. Employment Opportunities 5. Social Media Marketing  SOCIAL MEDIA RISKS being exposed to inappropriate or upsetting content, like mean, aggressive, violent, or sexual comments or images uploading inappropriate content, like embarrassing or provocative photos or videos of themselves or others sharing personal information with strangers – for example, images, date of birth, location or address cyberbullying being exposed to too much-targeted advertising and marketing being exposed to data breaches, like having their data sold to other organizations. internet addiction CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN ADOLESCENT HEALTH AND SOCIAL MEDIA The rise of social media presents challenges and opportunities in adolescent health. A major area of concern is the influence of social media on adolescent health behaviors. Social media combines the influence of two traditional areas of influence on adolescent health: Peer influence and media influence. Adolescents are thus uniquely vulnerable to the effects and influence of social media: they are early adopters, nearly ubiquitous users, and highly susceptible to peer influences. Technological solutions Internet providers must continue working with parents and policymakers to create awareness and opportunities for youth privacy protection and to develop technologies that can assist adolescents in staying safe. Parental Controls Privacy Settings Content Filtering Digital Literacy Education Cybersecurity Tools Health providers Medical and mental health providers/ health care professionals need to include routine screenings to assess the risk for depression and consider an adolescent's social media use. THANK YOU! WEEK: 8 & 9 LESSON TITLE: Business Intelligence TOPIC PRESENTED BY: DAVID KELVIN M. BANAAG III PPT UPDATED BY: Learning Outcomes At the end of the lesson the student should be able to: 1. Define what is Business Intelligence (BI) and Analytics 2. Enumerate the different BI/Analytics systems and tools 3. Know the BI evolution and trend  WHAT IS BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) Business Intelligence is a set of methods, processes, architectures, applications, and technologies that gather and transform raw data into meaningful and useful information used to enable more effective strategic, tactical, and operational insights and decision-making.  1. Data Collection Key Aspects of 2. Data Analysis Business Intelligence 3. Data Visualization  DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA IN BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) 1. Numeric vs. Textual 2. Structured vs. Unstructured 3. Standard Format vs. Proprietary Format 4. Internal vs. External Data, System Stored vs. File-Based Data 5. Raw Fact Data vs. Simulated/Forecast/Estimated Data 6. Simple Fact Data vs. Calculated Metrics Data  COMMON DATA PROBLEMS IN BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) 1. Structured, Unstructured, Semi-structured 2. Information Overloading 3. Big Data 4. Data Everywhere 5. Difficulty of Access 6. Lack of Data  DECISION MAKING IN BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) 1. Decisions can be made based on Facts or data Simulation (models) Intuition, perception, sense Group negotiation 2. Traditionally, BI has also been understood as a Decision Support System (DSS) – known as data-driven DSS (data directly contributes to decisions without intensive and advanced analytical techniques). 3. Problems in decision-making A gap between data and knowledge (useful information leading to a decision). Management/operation by intuition Lack of effective feedback and alignment systems, no improvement cycles Need good analytical processing and models 4. Evolving analytical needs in decision support Real-time, most recent data Business user-driven, agile, instant Exploratory and interactive EVOLUTION OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) Executive Information Systems (EIS), Decision Support Systems 1980s (DSS) 1990s Data Warehousing (DW), Business Intelligence (BI) 2000s Dashboards and Scorecards, Performance Management Analytics, Big Data, Data Science, Augmented Business 2010 + Intelligence  ANALYTICS IN BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) Analytics has emerged as a catch-all term for a variety of different business intelligence (BI) and application- related initiatives. … Whatever the use cases, “analytics” has moved deeper Depending on perspectives, Analytics into the business vernacular. is part of BI Analytics refers to a more includes BI systematical, automated, and flexible goes beyond (the traditional) BI data analysis process for revealing = (the new) BI insights and decision support in more extensive application areas (beyond organizational contexts), e.g. sports, disease, network traffic, etc. ANALYTICS OR BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) We tend to call analytics rather than BI in the following scenarios. But their processes and technologies are very similar. Non-business activities such as – Learning analytics – Talent analytics – Web analytics – Sports analytics Non-organizational contexts are mainly used by individuals or groups for public communication.  BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) AND OTHER RELATED TERMS Big data o Big Data is not a system; it is simply a way to say that you have a lot of data. o Big data covers non-structure and various data formats, including text, blob, multimedia, etc. Data Science o An interdisciplinary field about processes and systems to extract knowledge or insights from data in various forms o Focus on advanced analytics and presentation models and methods o Using autonomous or semi-autonomous techniques and tools, typically beyond traditional BI, to discover deeper insights, make predictions, or generate recommendations. o A good data scientist = data hacker + programmer+ analyst+ coach+ story teller+ artist o “In some ways, data science is an evolution of BI.” BI/ANALYTICS: A GENERAL PROCESS  BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) SYSTEMS AND PLATFORMS A BI system is a computer information system that implements (part or whole) BI capabilities and processes The values of BI Systems o Provide an integrated data (analytical) processing platform o Enable easy and fast access to data and information at all levels (raw data, analysis results, metrics, etc.) o Streamline a controlled and managed process of data-driven decision-making. Enterprise level vs. personal level o An enterprise-level BI system emphasizes control and performance more. o A more user-oriented analytics platform enables nontechnical users to autonomously execute full-spectrum analytic workflows from data access and preparation to interactive analysis and the collaborative sharing of insights.  CRITICAL CAPABILITIES OF A BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE (BI) AND ANALYTICS PLATFORM Infrastructure o BI Platform Administration o Cloud BI o Data Source Connectivity Data Management o Governance and Metadata Management o Self-contained ETL and Data Storage o Self-Service Data Preparation o Scalability and Data Model Complexity  Analysis and Content Creation o Advanced Analytics o Analytic Dashboards o Interactive Visual Exploration o Augmented Data Discovery o Mobile Exploration and Authoring Sharing and Findings o Embedding Analytic Content o Publish and Collaborate Analytic Content Overall o Ease of use o Visual appeal and workflow integration  DATA MANAGEMENT / STORAGE In traditional BI, a special database system called a data warehouse or data mart is often used to store enterprise data. Traditional (operational) relational databases facilitate data management and transaction processing. They have two limitations for data analysis and decision support. o Performance o Heterogeneity The data warehouse approach is a centralized and structured approach for analytical data management. For more recent personal BI/analytics, data is also kept locally for easy access and manipulation without much technical support.  DATA GATHERING AND INTEGRATION Enterprise-level data are coming from multiple different sources but need to be combined and associated o Operational databases o Spreadsheets o Text, CSV o PDF, Paper The need to bring together different data/information o Autonomous (may not have the control and management of data) o Distributed (from different systems and places) o Different (in data model, format, or platform) General processing steps - ETL o Extraction o Transformation o Loading Traditional BI focuses on upfront separate ETL processes that load the data in a centralized storage. In modern BI and analytics, data cleansing and transformation may happen in time with analysis.  ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES/TECHNOLOGIES Descriptive reporting OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) Business Analytics Advanced and computation intensive: data mining, deep learning, etc. BASIC TECHNIQUES IN BUSINESS ANALYTICS Regression – Reasoning, estimating the relationships among variables Forecasting – Trend analysis, based on extrapolation of historical data Correlation – Relationship discovery between factors (but not causal relationship) Factor analysis – Determine impacting variables and their variability  DATA VISUALIZATION Data Visualization - Data visualization is the graphical representation and presentation of data for the purpose of perception and understanding. Data visualization in BI - Data visualization is an important part of data exploration and decision-making. Given the power of visualization, it is only natural to apply the rich communication techniques in the field of BI and analytics.  REPORTS A report is the presentation of detailed data arranged in defined layouts and formats. Traditional reports contain detailed data in a tabular format and typically display numbers and text only. Modern reports can be interactive and visual, but the focus is still on detailed data. Sometimes, the distinction is a bit blurred with dashboards in some practical cases.  DASHBOARD A dashboard is a visual-oriented display of the most important data and information needed to achieve defined goals and objectives, consolidated and arranged on a single screen so the information can be viewed at a glance. Elements of a dashboard – Data/information: the most important element – Visual: data visuals (charts, etc.) provides a high-level, at-a-glance view – User interface a clean UI that unifies all elements to work together as a whole supporting interactions as needed  THE MODERN/NEW BI A modern BI platform supports IT-enabled analytic content development. By contrast, traditional BI platforms are designed to support the modular development of IT-produced analytic content, and specialized tools and skills and significant upfront data modelling, coupled with a predefined metadata layer, are required to access their analytic capabilities. THANK YOU!