Emirati Studies - EMS 101 Lecture 1 (PDF)

EMS 101- Lecture 01 Emirati Studies UAE region early History Lecture By Fall 2024 Dr. Abdu Sadik www.gmu.ac.ae Dear Students, Please note the following instructions. 1) In slides very important lines are marked as red color. 2) Questions...

EMS 101- Lecture 01 Emirati Studies UAE region early History Lecture By Fall 2024 Dr. Abdu Sadik www.gmu.ac.ae Dear Students, Please note the following instructions. 1) In slides very important lines are marked as red color. 2) Questions are mostly asked from important lines. 3) After each lecture MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) should be solved by students as a Learning activity.  Objectivies Geography and Regional History Human Habitation and migration patterns Cultural connections Trade and commerce in region Culture and Customs The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula, or Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian plate. From a geographical perspective, it is considered a subcontinent of Asia. It is the largest peninsula in the world, at 3,237,500 km. The countries : United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, Yemen and Saudi Arabia The Map of Arabian Peninsula United Arab Emirates The UAE is located in Asia. It is situated in the southeastern region of the Asian continent, and in the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. It overlooks the Arabian Gulf on the north and northwest, borders the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to the west and south and the Sultanate of Oman to the southeast. Early settlement Bedouin tribes lived in varied terrain and were self- sufficient with lives built around family values. They moved between the sea for fishing and the desert where they could graze their animals The oasis was vital to survival for the Bedouin as a water source but it was also where they harvested crops such as dates Dates were a vitamin-rich staple in the nomadic diet, portable for long journeys across desert, mountains and sea The camel was central to nomad existence; they provided food and milk as well as transport. Their tough skin and wool was used for household items Ancient trade routes in the Arabian Peninsula As nomadic communities settled, trade routes began to emerge right across the Arabian Peninsula By the early 7th century, trade routes stretched as far as Europe, India and Asia Trade routes were hugely influential in the development of the region and many are still famous today such as the Spice and Silk Routes The main route across Arabia became known as the Incense Route or the Incense Road of Antiquity The Incense Routes were mostly controlled by the Arabs who brought frankincense and myrrh by camel caravan from southern Arabia and for trade with India, Africa and East Asia  Understand the History of the UAE The area's history can be traced back to 6000 B.C. The UAE as a federation did not exist then. The area and the surrounding region were referred to as Arabian Peninsula. For More Reading about Human habitation and Migration in the past: https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/history Area The UAE area is approximately 71,023.6sq km of land, including some islands in the Arab Gulf, in addition to 27,624.9sq km of territorial water. Abu Dhabi accounts for 84 per cent of the country's total landmass. Geographic coordinates The UAE is situated at: Longitude: 51° 35’ - 57°10’ east Latitude: 22°35’ - 26°25’ north Time The UAE is 4 hours ahead of GMT 10,678,556 3,835,651 6,842,905 UAE Population Total UAE nationals: 947,997* According to the Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Authority, the UAE’s Total Population (nationals and expatriate residents) was 10,678,556 (Male: 6,842,905 Female: 3,835,651) in 2023. Indians form the largest foreign community in the UAE, followed by Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, other Asians, Europeans, and Africans. https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/fact-sheet * https://www.mofa.gov.ae/en/the-uae/facts- and-figures https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/the-seven-emirates  Cultural Connections  Cultural Connections Arab and Islamic heritage The UAE is blessed with a rich heritage that encompasses architecture, sports, occupations, traditions, arts, crafts, food, places of historical and archaeological importance, lifestyle and values imbibed in Islam Features of the Arab and Islamic heritage Some of the distinct features of the Arab and Islamic heritage are hospitality, tolerance, family cohesion and solidarity among members of the society along with honor and pride associated with being part of this heritage  Islamic culture and Muslim culture refer to cultural practices common to historically Islamic people. The early forms of Muslim culture, from the Rashidun Caliphate to early Umayyad period, were predominantly Arab, Byzantine, Persian and Levantine. After the expansion of the Islamic Empires, Muslim culture has influenced and assimilated much from the Persian, Egyptian, Caucasian, Turkic, Mongol, One of the oldest buildings in the UAE Jahili Fort in Al Ain, built in 1891. South Asia, Malay, Somali, Berber, Indonesian and Moro cultures. Factors of the cultural renaissance in the UAE The Arabian Peninsula and countries are already created international connection in the past via trade. Economic prosperity in the coast makes intercultural exchanges and developed the culture in the region. The trade from UAE to the world and vice versa makes cultural developments before than.  Important Instruments of Cultural Development Religion: it is a major force moving in the values and norms of behaviour. Education : a key factor of shaping the culture of individuals and groups. Leadership : leaders are having very crucial role to develop the culture through their influencing the people. Child rearing : Transferring the culture from the parents to youngsters is effective mechanism to develop the culture. Media : The influences of Media is helping very effective methods in cultural developments. Arts : The arts are very important to make sustainable community with good culture. Cultural Developments The education is the main key of cultural development in the world. Providing the advanced education makes sustainable society with good cultural. The educational and cultural development remains the main pillars of a country. United Arab Emirates assumed cultural and education to concerns of the community, and developed several strategies to maintain the Arab-Islamic Culture.  Cultural life is experienced by the UAE based on the deep roots in history and its contemporary ingredients is poised to lead the UAE society to new hights in the 21th Century. Cultural developments need to supported by several tools in the community and effect people and their behaviour so that they can create a society with capability of facing challenges. The education is developing the culture.  Model Questions 1) ________ is owned 84 percent of the country's total landmass. A) Abu Dhabi B) Dubai C) Sharjah C) Ajman 2) Which is the Largest Community in UAE among the population? A) Indian Community B) European Community C) American Community D) Pakistan Community 3) What are the major specialties of UAE Culture? A) Hospitality B) Tolerance C) A and B D) none of the above 4) The 5,000-year-old _______ marks the beginning of the Bronze Age in UAE. A) Jebel Hafeet tombs B) Deserts C) Paintings D) Pottery  Watch the videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJIJ-n933-Y Know the UAE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SaETgDmSTA https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/fact-sheet https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IdejM6wCkxA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20eGmjRlsmI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgrU5UPA3Rw References : Dr. Mohammad and Dr Yousef, Emirates Society Originality and Contemporary, Al Falah Books, 2011. https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/the-seven-emirates References Dr. Mohammad and Dr Yousef, Emirates Society Originality and Contemporary, Al Falah Books, 2011. https://www.cpc.gov.ae/en-us/Pages/default.aspx https://www.ecouncil.ae/en/Pages/default.aspx https://www.mof.gov.ae/en/Pages/default.aspx https://gulfnews.com/business/podcast https://www.mckd.gov.ae/en/ https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae https://www.na.ae/en/ Picture of the Day Thank you EMS 101- Lecture 1(Part 2) Emirati Studies – EMS 101 Archaeological Sites in UAE Lecture By Fall 2024 Dr. Abdu Sadik Archaeological Sites in UAE Mleiha 3 – Umm an-Nar Tomb Close to the Mleiha Archaeological Centre lies the Umm an-Nar tomb, which is considered to be the most impressive grave building among the many ancient funeral sites in the Mleiha area. Constructed around 2300 BCE, the burial site was used for approximately 200 years. Virtual Tour: https://saa.shj.ae/en/excav/mleiha- 3-umm-an-nar-tomb/ 1998, March 12: Abu Dhabi Islands Archaeological Survey begins a dig on Marawah island and finds fireplaces used by late Stone Age hunters. Carbon dating indicates this is the earliest inhabited site yet found in the country, which dates back 8,000 years. Bronze Age Tombs at Jebel Faya Journey along the main road towards the Jebel Faya site and you will discover a complex of three Bronze Age tombs. Named FAY-NE 20, 21 and 22, these sites were excavated in 2005 by the expert team at The Sharjah Directorate of Antiquities. Each of the three tombs were constructed during different phases of the Bronze Age. FIVE INTERLOCKED SKELETONS These five interlocked skeletons discovered in the UAE date back to the 6th millennium BC. These skeletons were discovered by the Umm Al Quwain authorities in the neolithic cemetery at Al Shabika. The skeletons date back about 6,000 BC to 5,001 BC. Location: Umm Al Quwain Jebel Hafeet tombs: The 5,000-year-old Jebel Hafeet tombs mark the beginning of the Bronze Age in the UAE. Excavations by Danish archaeologists in 1959 found evidence of ceramic vessels and copper artefacts in the tombs, which indicate the importance of maritime trade across the Arabian Gulf. GOLDEN RING | This is the Saruq Al Hadid gold ring, one of the treasures from the Iron Age found in Dubai's Saruq Al Hadid archaeological site. It was hidden for centuries and millennia by several meters of sand dunes. The ring is currently housed in the Saruq Al-Hadid Museum in Dubai. The ring has inspired the Expo 2020 logo. WORLD'S OLDEST KNOWN NATURAL PEARL | Dubbed the ‘Abu Dhabi Pearl’, this gem was found in layers that have been radiocarbon dated to 5,800-5,600 BCE, during the Neolithic period.  Hili Archaeological Park Hili Archaeological Park is one of the best known archaeological sites in the United Arab Emirates. The park is part of the Hili Cultural Site and part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Al Ain. It contains Bronze Age (3000-1300 BCE) and Iron Age (1300-300 BCE) villages, burial grounds and agricultural infrastructure. In the period between 2500 and 2000 BCE, the settlement at Hili expanded. This period is called the ‘Umm an-Nar’ period after the island off the coast of Abu Dhabi where remains of this culture were first found. The largest collection of tombs and buildings from this period in the United Arab Emirates is at Hili. Some of these Bronze Age structures are accessible within the Hili Archaeological Park. https://abudhabiculture.ae/en/discover/pre-historic-and-palaeontology/hili- archaeological-site The Grand Tomb, which has a carving of two people and an oryx above the entrance. In its day, it stood four meters tall and was 14m in diameter. More than 500 objects, including beads and pottery, were found when the site was excavated Virtual Tour https://saa.shj.ae/en/excav/ https://abudhabiculture.ae/en/Discover/Pre-historic-and- Palaeontology/Jebel-Hafeet-Tombs For More reading https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/heritage/skeletons-give-a- glimpse-into-uae-life-7-500-years-ago-1.1059856 https://gulfnews.com/uae/year-of-the-50th/uae-archaeological-sites- priceless-treasures-of-the-past-1.1606289670467?slide=13 https://www.thenationalnews.com/weekend/2023/09/22/timeframe -when-al-ain-became-the-uaes-first-unesco-world-heritage-site/ https://dct.gov.ae/en/media.centre/news/new.abu.dhabi.archaeologi cal.discoveries.reveal.8500.year.old.buildings..aspx  Watch the videos http://wam.ae/en/details/1395302716146 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-kcE-55M9o Thank you