Introduction to ICT PDF

Introduction to ICT Ms. Zarmeena Hassan 1 Outline This Lecture covers: Characteristics of application software in general A look at the most widely used types of application software, including: Word processing Spreadsheet Databas...

Introduction to ICT Ms. Zarmeena Hassan 1 Outline This Lecture covers: Characteristics of application software in general A look at the most widely used types of application software, including: Word processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation graphics Graphics and multimedia software Other types of application software 2 Application Software 3 Application Software Application software consists of programs designed to perform specific tasks or applications. Individuals and businesses use software to perform hundreds of tasks, including to write letters, keep track of their finances, participate in videoconferences, watch videos etc 4 The Basics of Application Software Software Ownership Rights Specify the allowable use of the program Software license Specifies the conditions under which a buyer of the software can use it Commercial Software Copyrighted software that is developed and sold for profit Typically comes with a single-user license 5 The Basics of Application Software Shareware Copyrighted software distributed on the honor system Consumers should either pay for it or uninstall it after the trial period Freeware Copyrighted software programs that are given away by the author for others to use free of charge Public Domain Software Software that is not copyrighted and ownership rights have been donated to the public domain Open Source Software Programs with source code made available to the general public 6 The Basics of Application Software 7 The Basics of Application Software Desktop vs. Mobile Software Mobile phones and mobile devices typically require mobile software called apps Specifically designed for a specific type of device Wide range of software available 8 The Basics of Application Software Installed vs. Web-Based Software Installed Software Must be installed on the computer before it can be run Can be purchased in physical form Can be downloaded from the Internet 9 The Basics of Application Software Web-based Software Is delivered on-demand via the Web Also called Software as a Service (SaaS) and cloudware Includes free software and fee-based software Advantages Files can be accessed from any computer with an Internet connection Ease of implementation Improved collaboration capabilities Always working with the most current version of software 10 The Basics of Application Software Potential Disadvantages Online applications tend to run more slowly Have file size limits Cost may eventually exceed the cost of purchasing a similar installed version of the software 11 The Basics of Application Software 12 The Basics of Application Software Software Suites Collection of software programs bundled together and sold as a single software package Office suites are used by most businesses/individuals to produce documents and typically include: Word processing software Spreadsheet software Database software Presentation graphics software Additional productivity tools like calendars, messaging programs, or collaboration tools 13 The Basics of Application Software Provide a common interface among programs in the suite Office suites include Microsoft Office (most widely used) WordPerfect Office (Corel) iWork (Apple) Most suites available in variety of versions Not all suites available for all operating systems Cost is lower than buying each program separately 14 The Basics of Application Software 15 The Basics of Application Software Common Software Commands Toolbars, Menus, Keyboard Shortcuts, and the Ribbon Provide access to most commands in application programs 16  Types of Application Software 17 Word Processing Concepts What Is Word Processing? Using a computer and word processing software to create, edit, save, and print written documents such as letters, contracts, and manuscripts Common Word Processing Software Programs Microsoft Word Corel WordPerfect Apple Pages 18 Spreadsheet Concepts What is a Spreadsheet? Documents containing a group of numbers and other data organized into rows and columns Spreadsheet software is used to create electronic spreadsheets Formulas Data analysis tools Charts and graphs Most widely used spreadsheet programs: Microsoft Excel Corel Quattro Pro Apple Numbers 19 Database Concepts What Is a Database? A collection of related data that is stored in a manner enabling information to be retrieved as needed Database Management System (DBMS) Software that allows the creation and manipulation of an electronic database Most widely used relational database programs Microsoft Access Oracle Database IBM DB2 20 Database Concepts Most PC-based databases are relational databases and organized into fields (columns), records (rows), and tables Field (column) A single type of data to be stored in a database Record (row) A collection of related fields Table A collection of related records Database file Collection of related tables 21 Database Concepts 22 Database Concepts Databases contain a variety of objects (such as tables, queries, forms, reports) 23 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Graphics Graphical images, such as digital photographs, clip art, scanned drawings, and original images created using a software program Multimedia Technically refers to any application that contains more than one type of media Often used to refer to audio or video content Large variety of graphics and multimedia software used to: Edit digital audio or video Play multimedia files 24 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Graphics Software (Digital Imaging Software) Used to create or modify images Painting Programs Typically used to create bitmap images (Microsoft Paint) Drawing Programs (Illustration programs) Typically create images using mathematical formulas—vector graphics (Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW ) 25 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Image Editing or Photo Editing Programs Designed for touching up or modifying images Correcting brightness/contrast Cropping/eliminating red eye Optimize file size for the Web Adobe Photoshop, Apple iPhoto, etc. 26 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts 27 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Audio Capture and Editing Software Used to create and edit audio files (narrations, podcasts, etc.) Sound recorder software captures sound from a microphone Edits and applies special effects Common consumer products Windows Sound Recorder, Apple GarageBand, Audacity 28 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Video Editing Software Video Editing Software Modifies existing videos Prepares video clips for presentations or Web sites Common consumer video editing programs include Roxio Creator, Apple iMovie/iDVD, etc. 29 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts 30 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Media Players Programs designed to play audio and video files Music CDs, downloaded music, online audio Downloaded and online video RealPlayer, Apple QuickTime, Windows Media Player, etc. 31 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Graphics, Multimedia, and the Web Often used by individuals and businesses to create Web sites or content to be shared via the Web Company logos Web site banners Games Tutorials Videos Other multimedia content 32 Other Types of Application Software Desktop and Personal Publishing Software Educational, Entertainment, and Reference Software Note Taking Software and Web Netbooks 33 Other Types of Application Software CAD and Other Types of Design Software Accounting and Personal Finance Software Project Management, Collaboration, and Remote Access Software 34 Summary The Basics of Application Software Word Processing Concepts Spreadsheet Concepts Database Concepts Presentation Graphics Content Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Other Types of Application Software 35 Acknowledgement Various contents in this presentation have been taken from different books, lecture notes, and the web. These solely belong to their owners, and are here used only for clarifying various educational concepts. Any copyright infringement is not intended. 36