Palate Anatomy PDF

THE PALATE HARD PALATE SOFT PALATE  SOFT PALATE Hangs down the back of hard palate Mobile fold that fuses with lateral wall of pharynx Closes off nasopharynx during swallowing Covered with stratified epithelium SOFT PALATE… MUSC...

THE PALATE HARD PALATE SOFT PALATE  SOFT PALATE Hangs down the back of hard palate Mobile fold that fuses with lateral wall of pharynx Closes off nasopharynx during swallowing Covered with stratified epithelium SOFT PALATE… MUSCLES 5 PAIRED MUSCLES Tensor veli Palatini Palatopharyngeus Palatoglossus Uvula Levator veli Palatini SOFT PALATE… MUSCLES Muscle Origin Insertion Innervation Function Tensor veli palatini Scaphoid fossa of sphenoid Palatine Mandibular nerve Tenses the soft bone; fibrous part of aponeurosis [V3] via the branch palate; opens the pharyngotympanic tube; to medial pterygoid pharyngotympanic spine of sphenoid muscle tube Levator veli palatini Petrous part of temporal Superior surface of Vagus nerve [X] via Only muscle to bone anterior to opening palatine pharyngeal branch elevate the soft for carotid canal aponeurosis to pharyngeal palate above the plexus neutral position Palatopharyngeus Superior surface of Pharyngeal wall Vagus nerve [X] via Depresses soft palatine aponeurosis pharyngeal branch palate; moves to pharyngeal palatopharyngeal plexus arch toward midline; elevates pharynx Palatoglossus Inferior surface of palatine Lateral margin of Vagus nerve [X] via Depresses palate; aponeurosis tongue pharyngeal branch moves palatoglossal to pharyngeal arch toward plexus midline; elevates back of the tongue Musculus uvulae Posterior nasal spine of Connective tissue of Vagus nerve [X] via Elevates and hard palate uvula pharyngeal branch retracts uvula; to pharyngeal thickens central plexus region of soft palate SOFT PALATE… Blood Supply Greater and lesser palatine branches of maxillary artery Ascending palatine branch of facial artery Palatine branches of ascending pharyngeal SOFT PALATE… Nerve Supply General sensory Lesser palatine nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve Special sensory (Taste) Lesser palatine nerve Secretomotor nerves Lesser palatine nerve HARD PALATE… Partition between nasal & oral cavities Ant 2/3 – palatine process of maxilla Post 1/3 – horizontal plate of palatine bone Anterolateral margins- continuous with alveolar arches & gums Posterior margin- gives attachment to soft palate Superior surface- forms floor of nose Inferior surface- forms roof of oral cavity HARD PALATE… Made up of palatine processes of the maxilla & horizontal plate of palatine bone Midline of hard palate lies the incisive fossa which opens into the incisive foramen Greater palatine foramen lies between palatine bone & maxilla Lesser palatine foramen lies just behind it. HARD PALATE… Blood Supply Greater palatine artery which emerges from greater palatine foramen – enters incisive foramen – passes up to nose HARD PALATE… Venous drainage Drain into pterygoid plexus of veins  PALATE… Innervation Mucous membrane hard palate – GREATER PALATINE NERVES Mucous membrane soft palate – LESSER PALATINE NERVES NASOPALATINE NERVE – gingiva & mucosa adjacent to canine & incisors