I- INTRODUCTION TO CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY.pptx

INTRODUCTION TO CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PRELIMS- LECTURE 1 TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. Review the cellular basis of life; 2. Examine the characteristics of the different cell types; 3. Summarize the importance water as the aqueous environment of the cell; and 4. Review the different b...

INTRODUCTION TO CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PRELIMS- LECTURE 1 TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. Review the cellular basis of life; 2. Examine the characteristics of the different cell types; 3. Summarize the importance water as the aqueous environment of the cell; and 4. Review the different biomolecules in the cell. CONTENT A. Overview 1. Cellular Basis of Life 2. Different Cell Types B. Biochemistry of the Cell 1. Water, the Aqueous Environment 2. Biomolecules and their Properties a. Nucleic Acids b. Proteins c. Lipids d. Carbohydrates A. OVERVIEW- Cellular Basis of Life What is a cell?  A. OVERVIEW- Cellular Basis of Life How were cells discovered? CELL THEORY HISTORICAL A. OVERVIEW- Cellular Basis of Life A. OVERVIEW- Cellular Basis of Life CHARACTERISTICS OF CELLS (CHARACTERISTIC OF LIFE) A. OVERVIEW- Different Cell Types What are the different types of cells according to: A. size and internal structures B. biochemical component? A. OVERVIEW- Different Cell Types A. OVERVIEW- Different Cell Types  5 4 3 2 1 6 7 10 9 8 MODEL ORGANISMS FOR STUDYING CELLS MODEL ORGANISMS FOR STUDYING CELLS VIROID SELF CHECK B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Water, The Aqueous Environment B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Water, The Aqueous Environment B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Water, The Aqueous Environment B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Water, The Aqueous Environment B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Water, The Aqueous Environment B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Water, The Aqueous Environment SELF CHECK 1. Water is a polar molecule because one end is positive, and the other is negative. 2. The three forms of water on Earth are liquid, solid (ice), and gas (water vapor). 3. When water freezes, it contracts and becomes denser. 4. Cohesion refers to when a substance sticks to itself. 5. Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it heats up and cools down quickly. 6. Water is usually called the universal solvent because of its ability to dissolve many substances. BIOMOLECULES REVIEW CARBON CHEMICAL BONDS CHEMICAL BONDS (INTERMOLECULAR FORCES) MONOMERS POLYMERS B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Nucleic Acids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Nucleic Acids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Nucleic Acids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Nucleic Acids  B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Proteins Amino Acid Structure Protein Synthesis B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Proteins B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Proteins B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Proteins B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Proteins B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Proteins B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Proteins B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids Triglycerides: Function as a long-term energy source in animals (fats) and plants (oils) Phospholipids: Structural component of cell membranes Steroids: Act as hormones in plants and animals, and is a structural component of animal cell membranes (cholesterol) Waxes: Act as a protective layer against water loss in plant leaves and animal skin Carotenoids: Light-absorbing accessory pigment in plants (involved in photosynthesis) Glycolipids: Complexes of carbohydrate and lipid that function as cell receptor and cell recognition molecules B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids Anabolic steroids are synthetic variants of testosterone, can cause a buildup of muscle and bone mass, and are often prescribed to treat general anemia and some diseases that destroy body muscle. May have adverse effects if abused B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Lipids B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Carbohydrates B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Carbohydrates B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Carbohydrates B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Carbohydrates “Multiple studies have shown various side effects associated with the use of these sweeteners. These side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms, neurologic and taste perception changes , allergic reactions, insulin and metabolic effects, and cardiovascular effects. In addition, ASs have been shown to affect the gut microbiota that may mediate certain side effects. Most importantly, many researchers have assessed the potential effect of ASs on the cancer risk of people who consume these products B. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE CELL- Biomolecules and their Properties- Carbohydrates END