Phase 8 Hydrology in Water Resources Planning and Management in the Philippines PDF

School of Engineering and Architecture Department of Civil Engineering Phase 8 Hydrology Role of Hydrology in Water Resources Planning and Management in the Philippines...

School of Engineering and Architecture Department of Civil Engineering Phase 8 Hydrology Role of Hydrology in Water Resources Planning and Management in the Philippines After this chapter, the student should be able to Objective  Determine the Concepts of Probability and Statistics Hydrology  Solve the Return Period, Design Storms and Design Turn-Off Agencies Involved in the Collection of Hydrologic Data. Content Problems of Watershed Management and Watershed Protection Related  https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/hydrology/ Readings J. E. Gribbin, P.E., (2014). Introduction to Hydraulics and Hydrology with References Applications for Stormwater Management. New York, USA: Delmar, Cengage Learning W. Brustsaert, (2005). Hydrology an Introduction. Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK: Cambridge University Press, New York Hydrology  Phase 8 Role of Hydrology in Water Resources Planning and Management in the Philippines Role of Hydrology in Water Resources Planning and Management in the Philippines Agencies Involved in the Collection of Hydrologic Data According to Madrazo in her paper entitled “Water Issues in the context of Sustainable Development”, at the national level, the NWRB is responsible for policy formulation, administration and enforcement of the Water Code of the Philippines. In this paper, it was observed that other agencies perform policy formulation as it relates to their mandates. She then identifies the following eight agencies that have water related mandates: Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) for flood control and drainage (this responsibility has recently been transferred to the Metro Manila Development Authority) Department of Health (DOH) for sanitation Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) for watershed protection and water quality Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) for LGU-managed water supply, and sewerage and sanitation systems and capability building National Power Corporation (NPC) for hydropower development National Irrigation Administration (NIA) and Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) for irrigation development Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) for water supply, sewerage, and sanitation in Metro Manila and, partially, in its neighboring provinces; and Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA) for the Water Districts which manage water supply and sewerage systems. Madrazo also mentions that the existing regulatory set-up in the Philippines is quite complicated and poses problems on conflicts of interests and possible overlapping of responsibilities that hinders effective water resources management. Instructor: Instructor’s Name Page 1 of 2  Phase 8 Role of Hydrology in Water Resources Planning and Management in the Philippines Problems of Watershed Management and Watershed Protection 1. Flooding - Flood problems are caused by many different factors. Hydrologic and hydraulic modeling helps analyze effects of land cover, floodplain geometry, and rainfall intensity. - Flood scores reflect threats to public safety and property, as well as flood severity. For large creeks and waterway systems, flood problem scores are calculated for structures and street crossings. Floodplain models calculate predicted flooding depths and flow velocities for storm events. For flooding outside of the creek’s floodplain, modeling and citizen complaint data is used to identify and prioritize problem areas, which are mostly associated with poor or outdated storm drain systems. 2. Erosion - Erosion problems can stem from changing land use conditions that increase the quantity and velocity of storm water runoff. Stream channels react to these changes by widening and deepening, which can cause creek bank failures, threaten Creekside structures, and degrade water quality. Other problems occur due to improper placement of buildings, parking lots, and utilities. - Erosion problem scores are based on the number, type, and severity of the threat to structures, infrastructure, and other valued features located along stream banks. The scoring system takes into account factors such as distance of resources from the steam bank, bank stability, vegetative cover, and stream meandering. Areas or structures located near creek bends, steep slopes, high banks, and/or poor vegetative cover are expected to have high problem severity scores. 3. Water Quality - Water quality problems are multifaceted and complex to study and control. Key concerns include increases in runoff and degradation of aquatic and riparian habitat. Problems are measured using the Environmental Integrity Index (EII). - The Environmental Integrity Index scoring system assesses water quality using 6 categories. Each factor is based on numerous field measurements. Healthy creeks have high Environmental Integrity Index scores. Streams with more urbanization have excessive sediment, nutrients, toxics, bacteria, and other concerns, and have lower Environmental Integrity Index scores. References: GREENPEACE: The State of Water Resources in the Philippines https://www.austintexas.gov/department/watershed-problems Instructor: Instructor’s Name Page 2 of 2