Humanidades PDF

# Humanidades ## 1. Ideas Externas - Type of ideas that can be acquired consciously or unconsciously through influence from other people. - Accepted without critical examination or questioning. ## 2. Ideas Innatas - Considered part of the knowledge that the individual has since birth. - Fundam...

# Humanidades ## 1. Ideas Externas - Type of ideas that can be acquired consciously or unconsciously through influence from other people. - Accepted without critical examination or questioning. ## 2. Ideas Innatas - Considered part of the knowledge that the individual has since birth. - Fundamental to the individual's knowledge. ## 3. Ideas Internas - Arise from introspection, personal experience, and individual reflection. - Unique to each individual and formed from personal experiences, thoughts, and emotions. ## 4. Ideas Inducidas - Originate from external sources but are reinterpreted or modified by the individual's own criteria. ## 5. Necesidades - Essential conditions that must be met to ensure basic necessities and personal development. ## 6. Deseos - Refers to the feeling of lack, whether personal or collective, that provides pleasure, satisfaction, or a sense of happiness. - It is necessary for survival. ## 7. Obligaciones - Ethic, moral, or social characteristics that establish norms that guide how individuals should act in different contexts. ## 8. Dilema Ético - Complicated situations that require choosing between different values or principles that contradict each other. ## 9. Autonomía - The ability of an individual to make decisions based on careful reflection. ## 10. Libertad - The ability to define one's identity and the course of their life. ## 11. Autenticidad - The quality of genuineness, truthfulness, or self-realization. - It means being true to oneself, consistently aligning one's thoughts and actions. ## 12. Reflexionar e Interrogarse - Defined as the ability that distinguishes human beings from other forms of life. ## 13. Preguntar - A term that comes from the Latin "tantear" (to feel). - Over time, its meaning has become synonymous with inquiring or questioning. ## 14. Preguntas Cerradas - Type of questions that are limited to a single response, allowing for direct and concise information. ## 15. Preguntas Abiertas - Questions that do not have a predetermined answer. - They encourage detailed explanations and the sharing of opinions and thoughts. ## 16. De Exploración - Indispensable questions for delving into a subject or a response. ## 17. Preguntas Retóricas - Questions that are considered a resource for provoking an opinion or making a statement. ## 18. Hipotéticas - Present situations or imaginary scenarios to better understand opinions, reactions, values, or decision-making. ## 19. Reflexivas - Questions that prompt deep consideration of experiences, beliefs, values, and behaviors. ## 20. Bealidad - Everything that exists and surrounds us, for example, nature, society, etc. ## 21. Asombro - The awe and surprise that something evokes in us, such as the surrounding reality. ## 22. Investigación - The exploration and search for information carried out through established methods. - It answers a posed question. ## 23. Conocimiento - Understanding, comprehension, and clear perception of the causes behind a specific phenomenon. ## 24. Verdadero/Falso ### Verdadero - Circumstances act as catalysts for our ability to question or ask questions. ### Falso - Questioning who we are doesn't define our way of living, which, in turn, would prevent us from creating ideas about who we are and our aspirations. ## 25. Verdadero/Falso ### Verdadero - Ideas are mental constructions that allow us to understand, comprehend, and interpret certain aspects of the world. ### Falso - Ideas are not simply the result of thinking, feeling, and imagining. ## 26. Verdadero/Falso ### Verdadero - Plato popularized the term "idea" as a conceptual abstraction through the development of a theory. ### Falso - Ideas are not perfect and eternal realities, but rather representations of reality. ## 27. Verdadero/Falso ### Verdadero - Plato proposes that the world of the senses is real, and the world of ideas is an imperfect copy of the real world. ### Falso - Ideas are not just an imperfect reflection of the real world. # Temario 2do ## Contingency - Many aspects of life are not secure and do not follow a predictable or fixed path. ## Vinculos e Interacciones Humanas - Personal family relationships are called *panentes*, while human relationships encompass humanity in its entirety. - Both share crucial elements for understanding interpersonal relationships and our interactions in the world. ## Human Bonds - These are dynamic relationships that we establish with other people throughout our lives. ## Pasado Reciente - Ancient history refers to historical periods that occurred several centuries or millennia ago. - Recent history refers to events that occurred in more recent times. ## Ser Histórico - Understanding that our existence is connected to the past and the future. - Our actions have an impact on history. ## Antropocentrismo - Ideas result from human curiosity and wonder about the unknown and different fields of knowledge. - Antropocentrism is one such idea that shaped historical knowledge. ## Ecocentrismo - Environmental philosophy seeks answers to environmental problems. - It strives to understand the root of these issues and find solutions. - It focuses on moral norms regarding nature and explores how we experience and value the natural world. ## Examples of Ecocentrism - Ecosophy, Earth Ethics, Biocentrism, Ecofeminism, Ecology, Deep Ecology, and Conservationism. ## La Expresion Humana - The history of human expression is a testament to our constant pursuit of identity and meaning in a changing world. - It defines what is good, constructs personal identity and awareness, and explains how we find our place in the world. ## Examples of Human Expression - Architecture and design, gastronomy, fashion, sports, rituals, and ceremonies. ## Systems of Communication - Human communication systems act as crucial tools for connecting and sharing information. ## Examples of Communication - Verbal, nonverbal, visual, mass, and digital communication. ## Discourse - The way ideas, beliefs, values, emotions, and ideologies are communicated and expressed, whether verbally or nonverbally. ## Examples of Discourse - Media discourse, political discourse, social discourse, academic discourse, and cultural discourse. - It is shaped by social practices, power structures, etc.