HMD101 Lecture 1- Introduction to Dental Anatomy (Terms) PDF

 DENTAL ANATOMY (Human Dentition /Tooth Anatomy and physiology) Teeth Morphology  DENTAL ANATOMY Terminology Description Oral physiology (Morphology) (Anatomy) TEACHING METHODS Lectures Lab Carving Drawing Identif...

 DENTAL ANATOMY (Human Dentition /Tooth Anatomy and physiology) Teeth Morphology  DENTAL ANATOMY Terminology Description Oral physiology (Morphology) (Anatomy) TEACHING METHODS Lectures Lab Carving Drawing Identification  EVALUATION Written Exam: Practical Exam: Oral Exam: - Quizzes - Final - Final - Midterm - continuous evaluation - Final *DENTITION I- SETS OF DENTITION  II- DENTAL ARCHES EACH SET OF DENTITION HAS 2 ARCHES 1- UPPER (MAXILLARY) ARCH: CONTAINS: 10 DECIDUOUS TEETH 16 PERMANENT TEETH 2- LOWER (MANDIBULAR) ARCH: CONTAINS: 10 DECIDUOUS TEETH 16 PERMANENT TEETH  III- QUADRANTS Each dental arch has 2 quadrants (each set of dentition has 4 quadrants) 1- UPPER RIGHT 2 QUADRANT 1 2- UPPER LEFT QUADRANT 1 2 3- LOWER LEFT 4 3 QUADRANT 4 3 4- LOWER RIGHT QUADRANT Each quadrant contains: 1 2 5 deciduous teeth 8 permanent teeth 4 3  IV- TYPES OF TEETH 1- INCISORS: 2- Canines: 3- Premolars: 4- Molars: Each quadrant of deciduous dentition contains: 5 teeth: Central incisor 2 incisors Lateral incisor 1 canine 2 molars Canine First molar Second molar Each quadrant of permanent dentition contains: 8 Teeth: 2 incisors 1 canine Lateral incisor Central incisor 2 Premolars 3 molars Canine First premolar Second premolar First molar Second molar Third molar EACH DECIDUOUS TOOTH WILL BE REPLACED BY A PERMANENT TOOTH THE 5 DECIDUOUS TEETH ARE ALSO CALLED (PREDECESSORS) AND THE 5 SUCCEEDING PERMANENT TEETH ARE CALLED (SUCCEDANEOUS OR PERMANENT SUCCESSORS) THE REMAINING 3 PERMANENT TEETH (MOLARS)ARE CALLED PERMANENT (NOT CALLED SUCCESSOR BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT PRECEDED BY DECIDUOUS TEETH) 1- Permanent central incisors (replacing the deciduous central incisor) 2- Permanent lateral incisor (replacing the deciduous lateral incisor) 3- Permanent canine (replacing deciduous canine) 4- First premolar (replacing the deciduous first molar) 5- Second premolar (replacing the deciduous second molar) The first, second and third molars erupt directly and not preceded by deciduous. So, they are called permanent (not successor)  Deciduous central incisor 3 permanent successors Deciduous lateral incisor replacing deciduous teeth of same type Deciduous canine permanent canine Deciduous first molar Permanent lateral incisor Deciduous second molar permanent central incisor 2 permanent successors First premolar replacing deciduous teeth Second premolar of different type 3 permanent not Permanent first molar replacing Permanent second molar deciduous teeth (not successors) Permanent third molar  GROUPING OF TEETH INCISORS AND CANINES ARE TOGETHER CALLED ANTERIOR TEETH PREMOLARS AND MOLARS ARE TOGETHER CALLED POSTERIOR TEETH  I- SETS OF DENTITION 1- DECIDUOUS 2- PERMANENT  II- DENTAL ARCHES 1- UPPER (MAXILLARY) ARCH: 2- LOWER (MANDIBULAR) ARCH: III- QUADRANTS IV- TYPES OF TEETH NOMENCLATURE OF TEETH The tooth name includes 4 items: I- Permanent or deciduous II- Upper or lower III- Right or left IV- the tooth type  DECIDUOUS Lower Right Central incisor  PERMANENT upper Left Central incisor  DECIDUOUS Lower left second molar  PERMANENT Lower Right Canine  PERMANENT Upper Right First molar  ‫رانيا‬.‫الزميلة العزيزة د‬ PERMANENT UPPER RIGHT CENTRAL INCISOR (CARIES) PERMANENT LOWER LEFT CANINE (EXTRACTION) PERMANENT UPPER RIGHT FIRST MOLAR (CROWN) PERMANENT LOWER LEFT SECOND PREMOLAR (ENDO) PERMANENT LOWER LEFT LATERAL AND CENTRAL INCISORS (MISSING) PERMANENT UPPER RIGHT THIRD MOLAR (CARIES) PERMANENT UPPER LEFT THIRD MOLAR (FILLING) PERMANENT LOWER RIGHT THIRD MOLAR (CROWN) PERMANENT UPPER LEFT LATERAL INCISOR (FRACTURED) …………………………………………………. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ‫الزميل العزيز د‪...‬‬ ‫‪8 3 1‬‬ ‫‪2 5 8‬‬ ‫‪8 6 1‬‬ ‫‪1 8‬‬  ‫الزميل العزيز د‪...‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪F M F M C‬‬ ‫‪8 3 1 2 5 8‬‬ ‫‪8 6 11 8‬‬ ‫‪M C M‬‬ ‫‪E F‬‬ NUMBERING SYSTEMS  NUMBERING SYSTEMS Universal Palmer 2 digit system system notation Federation Dentaire International (American) system system(FDI)  1) Universal system #(American system) The permanent teeth are represented by numbers (from 1 to 32) The tooth number #1 is : upper right third molar The tooth number #32 is : Lower right third molar 1 32 The deciduous teeth are represented by letters (from A to T) 2) PALMER NOTATION SYSTEM 1- Draw a horizontal line separating upper and lower arches 2- Draw a vertical line separating right and left quadrants 3- write the number of the tooth (if the tooth is permanent) in the corresponding quadrant N.B. there is 8 teeth in the quadrant and the numbering starts from central incisor : 1- central incisor 2- lateral incisor 3- canine 1 4- first premolar 5- second premolar 6- first molar 7- second molar 8- third molar 2 2 4 4  The deciduous teeth are represented by the same method but the teeth are represented by letters (from A to E) not numbers 3) FDI system (2 digit system) (binomial system) - EACH TOOTH IS REPRESENTED BY 2 NUMBERS (2 DIGITS) (NO LETTERS) - the left digit represents the quadrant. -the right digit represents the number of tooth in the quadrant There are 4 permanent and 4 deciduous quadrants numbered 1 2 as follows: 5 6 1- permanent upper right quadrant 4 3 2- permanent upper left quadrant 3- permanent lower left quadrant 8 7 4- permanent lower right quadrant 5- Deciduous upper right quadrant 6- Deciduous upper left quadrant 7- Deciduous lower left quadrant 8- Deciduous lower right quadrant 3) FDI system (2 digit system) (binomial system) For example: 12 1 2 4 3 7 1 22 6 34 20 56 * ANATOMICAL PARTS OF THE ORAL CAVITY Upper lip palate Cheek tongue vestibule Lower lip Floor of the mouth  WE HAVE FINISHED TOOTH NAME AND NUMBER Tooth description: For better tooth description.. The tooth will be viewed from 5 aspects (surfaces).  LINGUAL SURFACE (TOWARDS THE TONGUE) PALATAL SURFACE (TOWARDS THE PALATE) CAN BE CALLED LINGUAL ALSO FACIAL SURFACE (OUTER SURFACE OF THE TOOTH TOWARDS THE FACE) In anterior teeth called (Labial) In posterior teeth called (buccal)  OCCLUSAL SURFACE (MASTICATORY SURFACE OF POSTERIOR TEETH) INCISAL SURFACE (EDGE) (MASTICATORY SURFACE OF ANTERIOR TEETH)  Proximal surface: the surface of the tooth facing the neighboring tooth DISTAL SURFACE: FACING THE NEIGHBORING TOOTH AWAY FROM MIDLINE MESIAL SURFACE: FACING THE NEIGHBORING TOOTH CLOSER TO MIDLINE  Division of surfaces Into Thirds For descriptive purposes ( to locate the anatomical landmarks ): - Crown surfaces could be divided horizontally or vertically into three portions or thirds, - The root also could be divided horizontally and vertically into thirds. Horizontal division Root Cervical line crown Vertical division  Apical third Middle third Occlusal third Cervical third Cervical third Middle third Incisal third  Apical third Middle third Cervical third Cervical third Middle third Incisal third Occlusal third Vertical division of facial or lingual surfaces Middle third Mesial third Distal third Vertical division of facial or lingual surfaces Labial third Middle third lingual third Buccal third