History of Medical Technology.pdf

HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY PROFESSION WILSON R. DELOS REYES JR., RMT, MLS (ASCPi), MSMT, MD OBJECTIVES 1. Discuss the history of Medical Technology in a global context 2. Identify the important personalities that played significant roles in the progress of M...

HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY PROFESSION WILSON R. DELOS REYES JR., RMT, MLS (ASCPi), MSMT, MD OBJECTIVES 1. Discuss the history of Medical Technology in a global context 2. Identify the important personalities that played significant roles in the progress of MT profession. 3. Cite inventions and innovations in MT field 2 MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY/MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE ▪ (HEINEMANN) – The application of principles of natural, physical and biological sciences to the performance of laboratory procedures which aids in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. ▪ (ANNE FAGELSON) – the branch of medicine concerned with the performance of laboratory determinations and analyses used in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and the maintenance of health 3 MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY/MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE ▪ Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969 (R.A 5527) ▪ An auxiliary branch of laboratory medicine which deals with the examination by various chemical, microscopic, bacteriologic, and other medical procedures, techniques which will aid the physician in the diagnosis, study of disease and in the promotion of health in general. 4 Hippocrates ▪ 300 BC to 180 AD ▪ Father of Medicine ▪ Hippocratic oath ▪ Four Humors: ▪ 1. blood ▪ 2. phlegm ▪ 3. yellow bile ▪ 4. black bile 5 Galen ▪ Greek Physician and Philosopher ▪ Assessment of disorder through measurement of Body fluids 6 Contributions… Hippocrates Galen - Advocate testing of urine - Described diabetes as “diarrhea of - Listening to the lungs urine” - Observing appearance - Established the relationship between fluid intake and urine CONCLUSION: volume - Appearance of bubbles, blood and pus in urine  KIDNEY DISEASE and CHRONIC ILLNESS ▪ 900 AD: Book detailing the characteristics of urine was written 7 EARLY BEGINNINGS.. Hindu Physician (600 B.C.) - Polyuria in Diabetes was noted - Sweet taste of diabetic urine Vivian Herrick (1500 B.C.) - Identified Taenia and Ascaris Georg Moritz Ebers (1550 B.C.) - Ebers papyrus - Identified 3 stages of Hookworm infection and the disease cause to human - Oldest and most important medical papyri of Ancient Egypt Ruth Williams (1096 – 1438) - Urinalysis is a fad During MEDIEVAL PERIOD - Urine attract ants and has sweetish taste Anne Fagelson (14th Century) - Prominent Italian physician at Univeristy of Bologna employed “Alessandra Giliani” as laboratory assistant 8 EARLY BEGINNINGS.. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - Invented and improved compound microscope - First to describe RBC, protozoa and classify bacteria according to shape Marcelo Malphigi (1628-1694) - Greatest of early microscopist. - Father of Physiology and Embryology - Contribute to Embryology and Anatomy Rudolph Virchow (1847) - Father of Modern Pathology - Founder of Archives of Pathology in Berlin Herman Fehling (1848) - 1st quantitative test for urine sugar 9  11th Century 18th Century 19th Century Medical practitioners Mechanical techniques Physician began using were not allowed to and cadaver were used machines for conduct examination to understand human diagnosis and of the patient’s body body. therapeutics. 10 Device… John Hutchinson - Spirometer Jules Herisson - Sphygmomanometer 11 12 13 Summary Year Device Contributor 1861 Stethoscope Rene Laennec 1840 Microscope Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1850 Ophthalmoscope Hermann von Helmholz 1855 Laryngoscope Manuel Garcia 1859 X-ray Wilhelm Roentgen 1903 Electrocardiograph William Einthoven 1910 Kenny Method (Polio) Elizabeth Kenny 1927 Drinker respirator Philip Drinker 14 Summary Year Device Contributor 1929 First to operate Cardiac catheterization and Forsmann Angiography 1930-1940 Further developed Cardiac catheterization Moniz, Reboui and Rousthoi and Angiography 1941 Safest Method for Human Cournand 1939 Heart-lung machine Hermann von Helmholz 15 History of Medical Technology in the United States  1895: University of Pennsylvania’s William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine was opened 1918: John Kolmer - Development of a method that would certify medical technologist -Published: The Demand for and Training of Laboratory Technician 1920: Administrative units of clinical laboratories directed by chief physician 5 divisions: Clinical pathology, Bacteriology, Microbiology, Serology and Radiology 1922: American Society for Clinical Pathology was founded. Objective: cooperation between physicians and clinical pathologists as well as maintaining the status of clinical pathologists. 1950: medical technologist in the United States sought professional recognition form government 17 History of Medical Technology in the Philippines SPANISH ERA.. 1578: San Lazaro Hospital 1565: Hospital Real in Cebu 1596: Hospital de San Juan de Dios 1641: Hospital de San 19 Jose University of Santo Tomas, 1611 ▪ 1871 established the first faculties of pharmacy and medicine. 20 Laboratorio Municipal de Manila ▪ Established by Spanish authorities in 1887 for laboratory examinations of food, water and clinical samples 21  Converted to FIRST RESERVE HOSPITAL in 1898 by Lt. Col. Henry Spanish Military Hospital Lipincott (Chief Surgeon of the Division of the Pacific and Eighth Army Corps. 22 Bureau of Government Laboratories… ▪ Established by US government, through Philippine commission. ▪ Under Philippine Commission Act No. 156 ▪ Location: Ermita, Manila. ▪ First Director: Paul Freer ▪ Destroyed during 23 WWII. World War II ▪ First clinical laboratory in the Philippines was established by 26th Medical Infantry of 6th Division of the US army ▪ Location: Quiricada St., Sta. Cruz, Manila ▪ Now known as: Manila 24 Public Health Laboratory Manila Public Health Laboratory.. ▪ February 1944 ▪ October 1, 1945 ▫ laboratory (MPHL) offered ▫ Dr. Alfredo Pio de Roda training program to high school organized the Medical graduates. laboratory now known as ▪ June 1945 Manila Public Health ▫ US Army left the Clinical Laboratory Laboratory. and endorsed it to the National Department of Health. ▫ He was assisted by Dr. ▫ The Department rendered the Mariano Icasiano who was laboratory non-functional for then the Manila City Health sometime. officer. 25 Training Program ▪ Dr. Pio de Roda and Prudencia Sta. Ana ▫ Conducted training program for aspiring laboratory workers. ▫ Sta. Ana: prepare a six-month formal syllabus for the training program with certificate for the trainees upon completion 26 Medical Technology Education ▪ 1954 ▫ Bureau of Private Education approved a four- year course in Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology. ▪ Manila Sanitarium and Hospital (MSH) ▫ Opened first school of Medical Technology under Mrs. Willa Hedrick. ▫ Internship: Loma Linda University in California 27 Medical Technology Education Adventist Medical Center Manila 28 Medical Technology Education ▪ 1954 ▫ Philippine Union College (PUC) in Baesa, Caloocan city (Now Adventist University of the Philippines) absorbed MSH School of Medical Technology. ▫ First graduate: Dr. Jesse Umali ▫ Successful OB-gynecologist in the US 29 ▫ Studied Doctor of Medicine in FEU Medical Technology Education ▪ 1957-58 ▫ UST Pharmacy Dept. faculty Dr. Antonio and Dr. Gustavo Reyes offered Medtech as elective subject to 4th and 5th year pharmacy students ▫ Rev. Fr. Lorenzo Rodriguez (President of UST) offered it as full course in 1961. ▪ June 1957 ▫ DepEd issued temporary permit for 1st to 3rd year in UST ▪ June 1960 ▫ Internship permit program was issued to UST ▪ June 1961: Medtech Fully recognized in UST 30 Medical Technology Education ▪ 1962 ▫ CEU produced its 1st batch of BSMT graduates. Thru the effort of Mrs. Purificacion Sunico-Suaco and approved by CEU President Carmen de Luna. ▪ July 5, 1962 ▫ Bureau of Education approved the BSMT course in FEU thru the efforts of Dr. Horacio A. Ylagan and Dr. Serafin Juliano ▪ U.P. Manila ▫ Offers similar course but the degree being conferred is B.S. Public Health. 31 Medical Technology Education ▪ Postgraduate studies for B.S. Medical Technology ▪ Among the schools that offered the course were the following: ▫ UST Graduate School ▫ Philippine Women’s University ▫ Manila Central University ▪ U.P. Manila offered 1 year, non-thesis degree in Masters in Public Health 32 Thanks! Any questions? You can find me at: ▪ [email protected] 33