Cold War Events PDF

## 2. The most important events during the Cold War The Cold War lasted 40 years and was fueled by the competition of the two military coalitions. The controversy between them were worsening and exacerbated, when they were condescending, when they were manifested in regional conflicts in various pa...

## 2. The most important events during the Cold War The Cold War lasted 40 years and was fueled by the competition of the two military coalitions. The controversy between them were worsening and exacerbated, when they were condescending, when they were manifested in regional conflicts in various parts of the world, where the two camps were indirectly or directly involved, such as the Greek crisis, the crisis in Korea, Vietnam. They were never converted into generalized conflicts that would cause World War III. ### Subjects 2.3 - Cold War ### Concepts keys: - Confrontation at distance, confrontation of forces - "Star Wars" ### Exacerbation and recession The Cold War was actively adhered to due to the competition of the two military coalitions, their efforts to expand the world's influence zones and the division of Europe to the East and the West. Conflicts between military coalitions were often sharpened. However, they never led to a general conflict that would lead to World War III. But when directly and when they were indirectly involved in regional conflicts. Their involvement in the crisis of Berlin, Greece, Korea, Cuba, Vietnam is well known. The two superpowers entered a long race for armaments and the formation of strong military forces. The culmination of this race was the costly doctrine of "Star Wars". Nuclear weapons particularly played a key role. Both sides had colossal nuclear weapons arsenal. They knew, however, that their use would cause total destruction to humanity, which led to forced consent. ### Confrontation The two superpowers competed at a distance without direct confrontation between them. In addition to military competition, the confrontation between the two coalitions occurred in many spheres, including ideological and political, economics and technology. The military competition. The two coalitions carried out military spending of astronomical amounts, prioritizing technological competition. The modernization of their arsenal has led to new inventions such as soil -soil, soil - air, air, small, medium and large and other conventional weapons. Technological competition in the 50's - 60' led, among other things, to the dawn of astronautics (with launch in 1957 of the first artificial satellite in history, Soviet Sputnik) and the Space Era in general. On April 12, 1961, Yuri Gakarin is the first to travel in space. On July 21, 1969, the US sends the first people to the moon. Space competitiveness was the point of reference to demonstration of supremacy, which will be more pronounced in the "Star Wars" race. Developments confirmed that there was no longer a point on the planet that could not be a military target and that the belief of absolute security was seriously shaken. ### At the political level Stalin founded in 1947 the Communist parties' intelligence office as the possibility of controlling not only the communist parties in the eastern bloc, but also of the communist parties in the West and the world. ### On the economic level To strengthen his financial influence, Stalin responded to the Marsal Plan by establishing the Council of Mutual Assistance in 1949 (SAOV - KOMKON), a kind of communist joint market. ### Military confrontation between the two coalitions The confrontation between the two coalitions was particularly exacerbated when the armed forces were used in the treatment of regional crises, such as in the crisis of Greece, Korea, Cuba, and Vietnam. * The Greek crisis. It is considered to be the beginning of the Cold War. After the war in Greece, a coalition government was formed in which the Communist Party abstained. The two factions, the Communists (the left) on the one hand, and the right ones on the other, led to an armed conflict. It was no longer just a matter of power, but also of Greece's geopolitical orientation. Consequently, in the Greek civil war, the and military opposing camps were involved. On the one hand, the US, which since 1946 have set their new post-war strategy against Western Europe and the USSR. On the other hand, it was the Union Union, which undertook to support the Left, whose victory believed that it would secure a new expansion of influence in the West. The civil war in Greece was the war conflict with the biggest losses the country has experienced since 1830. Ended with the defeat of the Communists. * The crisis of Berlin. The three members of divided Germany after the war, under the command of the US, England and France, founded the Federal Republic of West Germany. Its foundation was judged by Moscow as a victory of the West, especially the US. In 1948 S. The Union has been financially excluded from Berlin in order to force the three other western parts of to air refueling the city under their command. From June 1948 to May 1949 275 thousand took place the city. The Western allies decided Flights supplying the city with 2.3 million tonnes of goods. * The Korean crisis. The confrontation between the two superpowers has experienced a new deterioration in the Korean crisis. In June 1950, North Korean military forces with a communist government launched an attack on South Korea with a democratic government. The purpose of the attack is the reunification of the country. The US ruled that behind this energy was S. Union. So much when a communist regime had been established a few months earlier in China. To prevent the expansion of communism, the US has decided to intervene with military forces. Chinese forces were sent in support of the North Koreans. The Cold War was turned here into a war conflict that will expire with a truce signature after three years. * The crisis of Vietnam. After the end of World War II and Vietnam was divided into two states. In the northern part, the Communists took power. A national government formed in the south with the support of the French forces. But a civil war broke out between the North and the South. The departure of the French forces and the advance of the Communists in the South have forced US President Johnson to intervene militarily in Vietnam under the principle of "no territorial concession to communist sovereignty" The US involvement in this conflict was also addressed with reactions within the US. Democratic peaceful forces in the US did not agree with the US president. This war ended in 1973. Two years after Vietnam reunited in a state. ### The Cuban crisis The Cold War will culminate in the confrontation at Cuba's crisis. In 1962 the Soviets installed missiles in Cuba as a demonstration of power. Cuba joined the Soviet sphere of influence. The incident was regarded by Washington as an immediate threat of US security. Soviets retired, thanks to the persistence of Americans.