Hypertension and Heart Failure Guide PDF

Assessment Signs/Symptoms Risk factors: smoking, age, diabetes, ethnicity, Na+ intake, stress Manifestations:...

Assessment Signs/Symptoms Risk factors: smoking, age, diabetes, ethnicity, Na+ intake, stress Manifestations: Slient Killer or fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, angina, and dyspnea. Nursing Interventions Gather H&P, education on HTN complication (stroke, vision loss, kidney disease, sexual dysfunction, - HTN can result in an increase HF) in CO, SVR, or both Recomendation: Monitoring (QD Primary: elevated BP w/o an morning positioning higher arm), identified caused nutrition therapy (sat trans fat, red meat), exercise (walking 30min Secondary: Elevated BP w a moderate excercise), alcohol use, specific cause stress managment Diagnostic Testing Prescribed Lab values: GFR,BUN, Medications creatinine Antihypertensive 12-lead EKG medications side effect: orthostatic hypotension, change & notify for side effects SVR = force opposing the movement of blood within the blood vessels. The radius of the small arteries and arterioles is the principal factor determining SVR. As arteries narrow, resistance to blood flow increases.  Assessment Signs/Symptoms Headache, blurred vision, vomitting, confusion, nosebleeds, bounding pulse, chest pain Nursing Interventions Diagnostic Hypertensive Blood pressure monitoring, Testing Crisis ECG monitoring, Labs: troponin, CMP, 180/120+ Auscultation cardiac and ECG monitoring, BP respiratory, insert IV monitoring normal MAP: antihypertensives, O2 as 70-100 prescribed Prescribed Medications With antihypertensives the goal is to Decrease MAP by no more than 20-25% or to decrease MAP to 110 or 115 mmHg Precaustion: Bedrest and cardiac, lung, neuro, renal assessment  MAP to evaluate therapy Goal: Decrease MAP by no more than 20-25% or to decrease MAP to 110 or 115 mmHg. Assessment Medications are effective? Findings Bedrest Systolic BP >180mmHg and/or diastolic BP >120mmHg Cardiac, lung, neuro and renal assessment Blurred vision Causes Chest pain Confusion Dyspnea Acute aortic dissection Drug use (cocaine, amphetamines) Headache Exacerbation of chronic htn Nausea/vomiting Head injury Nosebleeds Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are taken w/tyramine- Seizures containing foods Pheochromocytoma Preeclampsia, eclampsia Rebound htn (from abrupt withdrawal of some antihtn Interventions drugs Obtain baseline VS, including O2 saturation Start continuous BP and ECG monitoring Auscultate heart and breath sounds Ongoing Insert IV Monitor VS, LOC, heart and breath sounds, neurologic Admin IV antihypertensives function, heart rhythm, and O2 saturation Obtain baseline blood work Titrate the drug according to MAP or SBP as ordered Give O2 per agency protocol Assess and record response to drugs Measure urine output hourly Maintain the pt on bedrest Provide reassurance and emotional support to pt and caregiver Explain all interventions to patient and caregiver The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle stroke volume Force opposing the movement of blood within the blood vessels systemic vascular resistance Peak pressure against arteries with ventricular contraction systolic blood pressure The process by which blood is delivered to the tissues and organs of the body. perfusion Residual pressure against arteries with ventricular relaxation diastolic blood pressure An elevated blood pressure over 120/80 over multiple instances. Also known as the "silent killer". hypertension Condition where systolic BP >180mmHg and/or diastolic BP is >120 mmHg hypertensive crisis 130/85 (100) What does the "100" represent? mean arterial pressure Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in 1 minute cardiac output The difference between SBP and DBP pulse pressure