Summary

These notes cover the pathophysiology, etiology, classification, compensatory mechanisms, and assessment of heart failure. It discusses various aspects of the condition, including neurohormonal responses, ventricular adaptations, and counterregulatory mechanisms.

Full Transcript

HEART FAILURE Heart is unable to pushoxygen rich blood to tissues organs EIYreal.intEn s iaiaamissionoveras Footfall 8Fit.lt anything that makes the heartwork 1Ii dssithiimitilasons manageBP tgh...

HEART FAILURE Heart is unable to pushoxygen rich blood to tissues organs EIYreal.intEn s iaiaamissionoveras Footfall 8Fit.lt anything that makes the heartwork 1Ii dssithiimitilasons manageBP tghrstage c inhibiting ADus other comorbidities that risk Thletabolic sundrome eggeigns Anemia fluid retention Dysrhythmias a fib a flutter A by Hyper hypothyroidism iris ti itaiiiiin initiation at Et Blood hasto go somewhere So it backsup intothe lungs affectsright spsnlkougn.VE ali sFacsny'pIehat aifle fan pressure E tdca.FIpushedthrough the heart 3 1 pt InseraPedaiEad.at testEiukIYabdlmsethKepato splenomegaly stf 1 Neuronormonal respofsesm satorymechagjsm.org Hypertrophy RAAS system kidneysnotbeing perfused kidneysactivate RAAStoretain water salt Leadsto BP 2 Ventricular Adaptations Dilation ventricular Remodeling Muscles stretch to allow morebloodflow Both hypertrophy and dilated Permanentchange geththe etasitf.tltsttfatblood risk MI dysrhythmias Hypertrophy Mass of walls r toworkharder Eventuallytheventriclesbecomeextremelysmall 3 Counterregulatory Mechanisms ANPReleased when atriaare stretched BNfjhfggdjff.fm jjfag takestressoffofheart Causes body to diuresetotry toIast whenhigh rBNP worsening HF very pulmonary soweneedto ruleoutother sisofHI'tongfontook EgIEggmpftfty.Diag.no yumptoms can be worsened by anemiafatigue DyspneaStarting symptoms Dyspnea Assessment Respiratory 18Intgnif.fi nemswnterne'impinging.it Orthopnea Proxismal nocturnaldyspneawaking up toPtsleeps w multiplepillows gasping for air toPtneedsto sleep inrecliner chronicnonproductivecough can do exray to see any Gets worsewhenlaying down pulmonary congestion dltblood Pum congestion w pinkfrothy sputum backup Sleepapnea a.psatfaIon dusr nutnmias 1587ftfor abnormal Mostcommondysrhythmia is a fib heartsoundsdo12leadEKG 4aijntgq.tt s ECGwilltell us Ef Mayalsohave lightheadednessdizzinesssyncope Edema G minute walktestcardiac stresstest p Drivingfactorlabsfordiagnosis2 Cardiacmarkers CKMB Troponin FluidImbalances Énnididmaging rpressureinveins that supply 1 311 5 7for hepatomegaly Hepato splenomegalytheseorgans canleadto cirrhosis Hepatomegaly My Ascites Weightgain indicatesretention Weighdailyinsameclothes weightr 73lbin 2days or Don'tfeellikeeatingdlt retention 3 5lb in 3 5daysfluidover to Ietleresittgtaaneus dd monitorBunter Jen durineoutput Nocturiafrequenturination atnight Hgb anemia OthfuroitdMEnctionbetausethypot Other Diagnostic hyperthyroidism can causeHe Factors Lipid panel because Hf is linked to CAD MajorclinicalProblems ftp.ng Education these are the northstar of Teach Sts of Hf when to call Dr signs 1 Fluidimbalance offluid overload 2 I perfusion wRapidweightgainorthopheaproxismal nocturnaldyspneaswollenfeetpantstighterIfat No bed rest Mustexercise to rendurance tirefsprimary way to controlfluidoverload Avoidemotionalupsetstempextremes HTNcardiacmeds vasodilate Learn to take Hrt BP at home a positionsslowly Diet Take meds as prescribed tosodiumrestriction of 2000mg Betablockersmeds to d HR Don'tgiveif under50 tofluidnotusuallyrestricted Parameterslowerfor HFwewantgoalHRBP alittle lower Iftheyhave a fib Ariskclots usually on anticoagulant ftp.t 1auentntheHospita add at sit them up HighFowler's placed Monitor 02 sats very severe LVAD to dowork of keepfeet on bednotdangling dependentedema left ventriclefrom theoutside No bedrest Monitor Ito mentn It aimweights I reason for Hfhospital admission ftp.t Good oxygenation n m

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