Health System in Egypt PDF

HEALTH SYSTEM IN EGYPT Dr. Mohamed Raafat Motawea DEFINITION OF HEALTH:  Complete physical, mental, social wellbeing not merely the absence of disease. HEALTH SYSTEM IN EGYPT: LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE Preventive Curative  1ry  1ry  2ry  2ry  3ry  3ry...

HEALTH SYSTEM IN EGYPT Dr. Mohamed Raafat Motawea DEFINITION OF HEALTH:  Complete physical, mental, social wellbeing not merely the absence of disease. HEALTH SYSTEM IN EGYPT: LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE Preventive Curative  1ry  1ry  2ry  2ry  3ry  3ry PRIMARY PREVENTION Non-specific prevention Specific prevention  Health education  Immunization (active and  Environmental sanitation passive)  Chemoprophylaxis  Nutrition care  Nutrient supplementation  Healthy lifestyle  SECONDARY PREVENTION Early detection of disease Prompt appropriate ttt  Periodic examination  To prevent complications  Screening tests TERTIARY PREVENTION Rehabilitation (↓↓ disability)  Medical  Social  Psychological CURATIVE CARE 1ry (care provided by G.P.) 2ry ( by specialist) 3ry (Hospitalization) PRIMARY HEALTH CARE DEFINITION:  The essential health care made accessible to individuals and families at a cost that the community and the country can afford.  It is the first contact between the health system and the population.  4 PRINCIPLES OF PHC Affordable ($) Acceptable (people feel the importance of PHC &measured by utilization) Accessible (geographic, social, financial ) Appropriate (meet the health needs of population)  8 ELEMENTS OF PHC 1. Health education and injuries 2. Promotion of nutrition. 8. Essential drug list to cover the local needs 3. Basic sanitation and safe water supply 4. Maternal and child health (MCH) 5. Immunization 6. Prevention and control of endemic diseases 7. Appropriate treatment of common diseases HEALTH FACILITIES PROVIDING PHC SERVICES IN EGYPT  Urban PHC facilities (urban centers, MCH centers, Health Offices, Fever Hospitals, Chest Hospitals, family health units and centers )  Rural PHC facilities (rural health units, centers, rural hospitals) PHC service providers PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES 1. Curative services 2. Preventive services 3. Health promotion services CURATIVE SERVICES  First aid, emergency and life-saving services  Management of common non-complicated health problems (adult + child)  Control of DM + HTN  Control of infectious diseases outbreaks and epidemics  Endemic diseases: TB, Schistosomiasis and hepatitis  Basic Lab work , ultrasound  Conduction of minor surgery (Abscess)  Referral of needy cases and follow up PREVENTIVE SERVICES  Immunization  Early detection of neonatal problems  Early detection of mental disorders  Screening (TB, parasitic , high-risk pregnancy, breast cancer )  family planning  Referral of identified problems to prevent complications HEALTH PROMOTION SERVICES  Health education  Growth monitoring of children  Supplementation with micronutrients  Family planning activities  Food safety measures  Outreaching of people in the remote areas to raise health awareness FUNCTIONS OF PHC FACILITIES IN EGYPT Curative services + Preventive services + Health promotion services MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF PHC SERVICES Monitoring: Continuous follow up of the performance of health services for timely identification of deviation to take actions for improvement Evaluation:  comparison of goals with the achievements of the program.  Evaluation of (effectiveness and efficiency)  Indicators are the instruments of the evaluation process. MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF PHC SERVICES Effectiveness The ability of the program to achieve its goal and its programmatic objectives Efficiency The ability to manage the limited resources to achieve the program objectives MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF PHC SERVICES Effectiveness Measured by impact and outcome indicators Efficiency Measured by input, process and output indicators  EXAMPLES OF INDICATORS Impact indicators Outcome indicators  Maternal mortality rate  Coverage rate with immunizations for children  Infant mortality rate  Coverage of pregnant mothers  Fertility rates with tetanus toxoid  Contraceptive prevalence rate  EXAMPLES OF INDICATORS Input indicators Process  Number of PHC indicators Output indicators (facilities/ physicians/  Percent of PHC  Average number of nurse) per 100,000 facilities (fulfilling the clients per day per PHC population quality standards facility /having the essential  Average number of ANC drugs / having all visits per mother in the vaccines ) PHC facility THANK YOU