Gym Health Study Sheet PDF

Substance Abuse ​ Stimulants - Speed up or excite the nervous system. Make you feel more alert, awake, energetic, confident, decreases appetite. Side effects include higher blood pressure, dizziness, alertness. Cocaine, amphetamines, tobacco, caffeine, nicotine. ​ Depressants - Sl...

Substance Abuse ​ Stimulants - Speed up or excite the nervous system. Make you feel more alert, awake, energetic, confident, decreases appetite. Side effects include higher blood pressure, dizziness, alertness. Cocaine, amphetamines, tobacco, caffeine, nicotine. ​ Depressants - Slow down functions of the nervous system. Make you feel tired, less aware, less sensitive to pain. Side effects include slow breathing/heart rate, impaired coordination, dilated pupils, sedation, nausea. Alcohol, opioids(morphine, heroin, codeine), rohypnol. ​ Hallucinogens - Distort senses and one's awareness or perception of events. Can cause people to see or hear things. Side effects include increased heart/breathing rate, changes in sense of time, speech problems, memory loss, depression, flashbacks. LSD, PCP, Magic mushrooms, Ketamine.​ Why do people abuse drugs? ​ Culture, media, peer pressure, curiosity, Social acceptance, lack of knowledge risks, celebrations, enhance performance(steroids). Cannabis ​ Produced from plants containing chemicals, THC and CBT. ​ Negative impact on how your brain grows and develops. ​ Must be 19 or older to use, purchase, and grow cannabis. ​ Decreases coordination, can cause psychosis, impairs problem solving, judgement and decision making. ​ Using cannabis or alcohol impairs your driving ability, increasing risks for accidents. It is illegal to drive while intoxicated regardless of the drug. Smoking vs. Vaping ​ Dangers of smoking include heart disease, stroke, lung diseases. ​ Dangers of vaping include coughing, wheezing, asthma like symptoms. Long term effects are still being studied. ​ Vaping and smoking are both bad for your lungs, both contain lots of chemicals, both hazardous to your health(cardiovascular and lung disease)Both have nicotine. ​ Smoking produces carbon monoxide while vaping produces a small fraction of the chemicals found in tobacco. CPR, Concussions, Overdose ​ CPR - cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Combines rescue breathing and chest compressions to temporarily pump enough blood to the brain until treatment is available. ​ Ratio of 2 rescue breaths to 30 compressions. ​ heart attack - blood flow to your heart is suddenly blocked ​ Risk factors that contribute to heart attack are high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, poor diet, lack of exercise.  ​ Stroke - When there is a sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain. ​ Risk factors for stroke include high blood pressure, heart disease, smoking, and high blood cholesterol. ​ Choking signs - One/both hands clutched to throat, panic, inability to talk or breath, squeaky sounds when trying to breath, loss of consciousness. ​ AED - used to help those who suddenly have a cardiac arrest. Analyzes the heart's rhythm and if necessary gives an electrical shock to help reestablish the rhythm. Rowan's law ​ Rowan's law requires all coaches and team trainers to review the concussion protocol every year so no one passes away due to a head injury like Rownan. ​ Rownan was a rugby player that passed away due to second impact syndrome. ​ To recover from a concussion you need at least 2 days of rest and gradually go back to regular activities. ​ Do seek out doctors advice, physical and mental rest, take it easy. ​ Don't wake up every hour, use electronic devices, don't exercise, drive or ride a bike. Drug overdose ​ Symptoms : difficulty walking, blue/grey lips, very small pupils, dizziness, confusion, weak/slow. ​ Narcan nasal spray can be used if someone is experiencing an overdose. It can temporarily remove overdose effects until help arrives. It's a spray that goes through your nose(only 1 dose per bottle). Nutrition ​ There are 3 types of fat: ​ Unsaturated fat(the good) - Healthy fats, vegetable oil, nuts, seeds. ​ Saturated fat(the bad) - Fat in animal products is high in this. Fatty meats, high fat dairy products like cheese. ​ Trans fat(the ugly) - Industrially produced when vegetable oil is partially hydrogenated. Increases bad cholesterol, decreases your good cholesterol, most risky fat for heart health, and chronic problems, increase blood vessel inflammation. ​ You should look out for sodium, sugars, and saturated fats because they all cause a range of health problems such as heart disease, high/bad cholesterol. Active Living ​ Exercise can help your brain. Improve your mental health, your overall mood, reduce stress/anxiety. ​ Helps your body. Lower risk of heart disease, stroke, stronger bones/muscles, controls weight, promotes better sleep. ​ Healthy active living are activities that increase emotional, physical, healthy eating, and socializing in everyday life. All these things help you stay healthy. ​ Warm ups are important because they prevent injury, help your body get ready, and increase blood flow to muscles.  ​ Cool downs are important because it allows the blood pressure and heart rate to slowly recover from the exercise. Helps control blood flow. ​ A rep(repetition) is a single execution of an exercise. A set is a collection of reps. Puberty changes for men and female ​ Males produce testosterone ​ Changes for male include hair growth in pubic areas, voice gets deeper, privates grow, sperm is produced, and may have mood swings. Grow taller, weight gain is normal, skin becomes oily, body sweats more. ​ Females produce estrogen and progesterone ​ Changes for females include growing taller, hips get wider, voice gets a bit deeper, hair/skin gets oily. Hair grows in pubic areas, breasts get larger, body sweats more, menstruation begins(period), mood swings. What is consent ​ An agreement for participants to engage in sexual activity. The age of consent for sexual activity is 16. ​ But there are close age acceptions. 14 - 15 year olds can consent to sexual activity as long as the partner is less than 5 years older than them. ​ For 12 -13 year olds they can consent as long as the partner is less than 2 years older. ​ If not, its a criminal offence ​ Methods of preventing STIs include getting tested after sexual interaction, wearing condoms the correct way, and getting vaccinations. Ketamine(3 facts) 1.​ It's a dissociative anesthetic drug that is mostly used medically. 2.​ Makes you feel “not attached” to your body, no memories of events while being intoxicated by this drug 3.​ Street names include cat tranquilizers, kitkat, Vitamine k and Special k. Nicotine(3 facts) 1.​ A drug naturally found in tobacco, it is addictive and hard to quit. 2.​ Only takes 8 seconds to reach the brain. 3.​ Increases your blood pressure, breathing and heart rate.