Group 1 - CH160-2 1.pdf

Basic Flowsheeting in Chemical Process Members: CH160-2 GROUP 1 Cancio, Janae C. Cariño, Carl Sean Michael B. De Leon, Luke Raphael Dullon, Leinra Dane D. Oabel, Neil Rhoyd Oabel, Wincel Ong, Julienne C.  Table of Content...

Basic Flowsheeting in Chemical Process Members: CH160-2 GROUP 1 Cancio, Janae C. Cariño, Carl Sean Michael B. De Leon, Luke Raphael Dullon, Leinra Dane D. Oabel, Neil Rhoyd Oabel, Wincel Ong, Julienne C.  Table of Contents Definition of Flowsheeting in Chemical Engineering Importance of Flowsheeting in Chemical Engineering Importance of Flowsheeting in Process Design and Process Operation Challenges in Flowsheeting Core Components of a Flowsheet Steps in Developing a Flowsheet in Chemical Processes Applications of Flowsheeting in Industry Process Simulation Diagram Conclusion  What is Flowsheeting in Chemical Engineering? A detailed diagram representing the flow of materials and energy within a chemical process. Flowsheets can range from simple block diagrams to complex, detailed representations. Used for the design, analysis, and optimization of chemical processes.  Importance of Flowsheeting in Chemical Engineering Design and Synthesis: Visualization: Communication and Documentation: Used during the design phase to conceptualize Provides a clear, comprehensive visual Acts as a standardized communication tool and structure the chemical process. representation of the chemical process. among engineers, operators, and stakeholders. Determines the arrangement of equipment, Helps engineers and stakeholders grasp key Crucial for project planning, construction, and material flow, and integration of unit operations. components and interactions within the operational documentation. system. Analysis and Optimization: Safety and Compliance: Analysis and Optimization: Ensures process design adheres to safety Essential for performing heat and mass balance standards and regulatory requirements. calculations, sizing equipment, and cost estimation. Helps identify bottlenecks and optimize parameters Helps in identifying potential hazards and like temperature, pressure, and flow rates. implementing necessary safety measures.  Importance of Flowsheeting in Process Design Conceptual Process Cost, Value, & Clarity & Optimization & Feasibility Resource Risk Assessment Analysis Planning Flowsheets provide a Flowsheets allow for the Flowsheets serve as a clear visual identification of crucial source of representation of the inefficiencies and potential information for entire process, helping hazards early in the design understanding the engineers understand phase. This enables overall cost, value, and the sequence of engineers to optimize the economic viability of a operations and process for cost- process. They provide interactions between effectiveness and energy insights into potential different units. This efficiency while designing profitability, helping to clarity also aids in safer processes by determine if a project determining the types mitigating risks. should proceed to and quantities of raw detailed design and materials, utilities, and ensuring that equipment required, resources are not supporting accurate wasted on unprofitable budgeting and ventures. resource allocation. Importance of Flowsheeting in Process Operation Operational Guidance and Plant Start-up Regulatory Compliance Flowsheets provide a detailed roadmap for operators, guiding them through complex Flowsheets ensure that the process adheres to processes to ensure smooth execution, industry standards and regulatory especially during plant start-up and requirements, as they are often reviewed during subsequent operations. audits and inspections. Manual Preparation Process Control and Flowsheets are crucial for the preparation of Troubleshooting operating manuals, aiding in the consistent and By clearly depicting the placement of sensors, effective operation and maintenance of the control valves, and other instrumentation, plant. flowsheets enhance the ability to monitor and control the process. They also help operators quickly diagnose and resolve issues by tracing the flow of materials and energy through the system. Challenges in Flowsheeting: How to Overcome It: Complexity of Chemical Break down the process and use Processes hierarchical flowsheets. Inaccurate or incomplete Validate and manage data data effectively. Safety and Environmental Early integration of safety Concerns checks. Difficulties in communicating Standardize formats and use flowsheet details. clear documentation.  Process Units 01 These are the building blocks that represent the physical units of a flowsheet (Douglas, 1988). Core Components Streams 02 Streams are represented as arrows and include information about the properties of the process of a Flowsheet fluids (Towler & Sinnott, 2013). The core components of basic Material and Energy Balances flowsheeting help in modeling, stimulating, and optimizing a 03 These balances are fundamental calculations used to ensure that mass and energy are conserved chemical process. across each process unit and stream (Smith, 2005). Data and Models 04 Thermodynamic data and models are crucial for describing phase behavior, chemical equilibrium, and energy changes (Perry & Green, 2008). Core Components of a Flowsheet The core components of basic flowsheeting help in modeling, stimulating, and optimizing a chemical process.  Identify the purpose of making a 01 flowsheet Steps In Developing a 02 List each of the task in a step-by-step basis in order that they will be done Flowsheet In Chemical Processes 03 Create your title and the members included Make sure to enlist what type of To create a flowsheet, it is essential to 04 know what the process is supposed to process flowsheets. be used for, what each step is, the Design the Flowsheet to be used on details of each step, to keep the order 05 your work. of the steps, and to make it readable for the end user of the flowchart. (Tague 2005; Oriel Incorporated 2002), 06 Add Labels and Details 07 Review and Revise  APPLICATIONS OF FLOWSHEETING IN INDUSTRY Food and Water Chemical and Pharmaceutical Energy Sector Beverage Treatment Process Industry Industry Industry Industry Industry  Process Simulation Programs Process simulation programs are essential tools in chemical engineering for modeling, analyzing, and optimizing chemical processes. These programs allow engineers to create virtual models of processes, enabling the testing of different scenarios and conditions without the need for physical experimentation (Towler & Sinnott, 2008). Types of Process Simulation Programs Sequential-Modular Programs Simultaneous Programs 01 Each process unit operation is modeled and 02 Solve the entire process as a set of solved step-by-step. equations simultaneously rather than in a stepwise fashion. Iterative techniques are used to solve issues that arise from the recycling of information Although these programs demand more within the process. computing power, they are increasingly popular due to the capabilities of modern Traditionally favored due to its simplicity and computers. lower computational power requirements. Process Simulation Programs Conclusion The flowsheet is the key document in process design. It shows the arrangement of the equipment selected to carry out the process, the stream connections, stream flow rates and compositions, and the operating conditions. These diagrams range from simple block diagrams to complex, detailed representations for design, analysis, and optimization. Flowsheets are used for visualization, design, analysis, communication, and ensuring safety and regulatory compliance in chemical processes. Challenges in flowsheeting, such as complexity and data accuracy, can be addressed through hierarchical designs, careful data management, and standardized communication. Conclusion Key components of a flowsheet include process units, streams, material and energy balances, and thermodynamic models. Flowsheeting is widely used across industries like food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, water treatment, chemicals, and energy sector for process optimization and safety. Process simulation programs have two types: Sequential-Modular and Simultaneous or Equation-Oriented programs. Programs like Aspen Plus and HYSYS model and optimize chemical processes, supporting both steady-state and dynamic operations. THANK YOU!