Grade 8 EXAM SCOPE PDF

Section A (Compulsory) - 25 Marks This section focuses on multiple-choice questions, matching items, defining terms, and short answers. All questions in this section are compulsory. 1. Multiple Choice (Q1.1): Choose the correct answer from options provided. o Key...

Section A (Compulsory) - 25 Marks This section focuses on multiple-choice questions, matching items, defining terms, and short answers. All questions in this section are compulsory. 1. Multiple Choice (Q1.1): Choose the correct answer from options provided. o Key Topics to Study: ▪ Human rights basics Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many more. ▪ Cultural diversity Cultural diversity is the quality of diverse or different cultures, as opposed to monoculture (one culture). ▪ Nation-building The process of unifying the people in a country and creating a strong sense of national identity. ▪ Discrimination and xenophobia Discrimination is the unfair or prejudicial treatment of people and groups based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, or sexual orientation. Xenophobia is the fear or dislike of anything that is perceived as being foreign or strange. Xenophobia, simply put, is the fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers; it is embodied in discriminatory attitudes and behaviour, and often culminates in violence, abuses of all types, and exhibitions of hatred. 2. Matching Terms (Q1.2): Match terms like Nation-Building, Nation, Human Rights, Gender Roles, and Cultural Diversity with the correct descriptions. Nation-building - The process of unifying the people in a country and creating a strong sense of national identity. Nation - a large body of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory. Human Rights - Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Gender Roles - Gender roles in society means how we're expected to act, speak, dress, groom, and conduct ourselves based upon our assigned sex. For example, girls and women are generally expected to dress in typically feminine ways and be polite, accommodating, and nurturing. Cultural Diversity - Cultural diversity is the quality of diverse or different cultures, as opposed to monoculture (one culture).  3. Definitions (Q1.3): Write a single word or term that matches the given descriptions. o Key Terms: ▪ Gender equity - Gender equity is about fairness. Gender equity means respecting all people without discrimination, regardless of their gender. Gender equity is the process of being fair to women and men according to their respective needs. ▪ Societal norms - Social norms are the unwritten rules of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours that are considered acceptable in a particular social group or culture. ▪ Bill of Rights - It enshrines the rights of all people in our country and affirms the democratic values of human dignity, equality and freedom. The state must respect, protect, promote and fulfil the rights in the Bill of Rights. ▪ Human rights violation - When these rights are not protected or blatantly disregarded, they are violated. This means that our rights are dismissed, ignored, or taken away from us. ▪ Laws - The law is a system of rules that determines how people must behave in a community. 4. Short Answers (Q1.4): Answer in complete sentences about topics like domestic violence, its causes, consequences, and places for help. o Focus Points: ▪ Definitions and impacts of domestic violence. Domestic violence is a pattern of abusive behaviour in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner. Domestic violence can be physical, sexual, emotional, economic, psychological, or threats of actions that influence another person within an intimate partner relationship. This includes any behaviours that intimidate, manipulate, humiliate, isolate, frighten, terrorize, coerce, threaten, blame, hurt, injure, or wound someone. Depression – Many people who have been abused feel sad, hopeless, powerless and betrayed. This makes it hard for them to recover, act or feel happy and hopeful again. Physical Impacts – Victims of domestic abuse often face physical violence on a regular basis. This often means victims have physical injuries such as broken bones, cuts, bruises, reproductive issues etc. Social Isolation – Violence and abuse make people feel alone. They feel like they have no one to talk about what happened to them, or they do not want to get other people in trouble. ▪ Resources available to learners for help (like school counsellors, Childline, trusted teachers). Hotline and Support Services – These support services are confidential and available 24/7 for victims to seek help. They have trained advocates and counsellors who offer emotional support, escape plans and information on local shelters etc. Counselling and Therapy – This provides a safe and supportive environment for domestic abuse victims to heal and recover. Through individual, group or family sessions, therapists can help victims process their trauma, emotions and experiences. Teachers – They can create a safe space for learners to communicate how they feel and what they’ve been through, offer resources and referrals and work with school councillors to create safety plans. ▪ How schools can promote human rights Include it in the curriculum – Add topics about human rights into school subjects like social studies, history and life orientation. Awareness - Organize events and campaigns promoting human rights. Invite guest speakers or activists to speak to learners, or form student-led clubs. Teacher Training – Offer training on human rights, diversity and inclusion, and teachers can therefore encourage classroom discussions on the topics and get learners to address human rights issues and think critically about them. Section B (Compulsory) - 25 Marks This section involves short paragraphs and explanations. All questions here are also compulsory. 1. Learning Activities (Q2): Answer questions based on an article about learning activities and career exploration. o Focus Areas: ▪ Benefits of learning activities They improve thinking skills, problem-solving skills and creativity. Students also develop social skills like teamwork, empathy, and self-confidence. These activities make learning fun and engaging, boosting motivation and interest. ▪ Reasons to explore personal interests in school subjects. Identify career paths – Exploring interests helps discover potential career paths, guiding educational and professional choices. Develops relevant skills – Pursing interests in school subjects helps builds specific skills, knowledge and expertise, making it easier for you to get a job ▪ Ways schools can help you explore your strengths. By offer various classes and activities that let you try new things and what you enjoy. Teachers can counsellors provide guidance and support to help you identify your talents. School can also arrange for learners to get real-world experiences by arranging internships, job shadowing and projects. 2. Heritage Day and Nation-Building (Q3): Define nation-building and describe Heritage Day's role in promoting national unity. o Key Topics: ▪ Understanding “nation-building” - The process of unifying the people in a country and creating a strong sense of national identity. It is the process of creating a better society and country through active citizenship and social responsibility. ▪ Practical examples of how celebrating Heritage Day unites South Africans – Traditional dress competitions – Brings people of different ages together to share cultural experiences and to showcase their cultural attire. Festivals – Creates a sense of community and belonging and is a chance to meet new people. ▪ Suggestions for schools to support cultural diversity Organize cultural festivals and events. Offer language classes that represent learners’ native languages. Create a cultural diversity bulletin board. Section C (Choice) - 20 Marks In this section, you choose any TWO questions out of the three provided. You’ll need to write longer paragraphs with full sentences. 1. Question Options: Gender-Based Violence (Q4): Discuss the concept, effects on victims, human rights aspects, and prevention in communities. Gender Equity in Sports (Q5): Define gender equity, provide examples of inequity in sports, social impacts, and strategies to promote equality in schools. Gender equity is about fairness. Gender equity means respecting all people without discrimination, regardless of their gender. Gender equity is the process of being fair to women and men according to their respective needs. There is a pay gap (difference in how much men and women pay). Funding is one of the issues many sports teams face. Men’s teams traditionally receive most sponsorships and television deals. Women sports do not get as much media coverage as male sports. There are fewer teams and leagues, as well as few female coaches and officials. To promote equality in schools: Treat everyone with respect and celebrate diverse cultures and backgrounds. Use inclusive language. Promote equal opportunities for boys and girls. Earth Day (Q6): Explain Earth Day’s importance, benefits of keeping communities clean, and ways to promote environmental awareness year-round. Earth Day is celebrated once a year, all around the world on the 22nd of April to promote environmental protection and to and to protect our natural resources. It is important because it raises awareness about important environmental issues, such as climate change. It encourages people to task action and protect the environment, such a recycling. Promotes the protection of wildlife and nature. Benefits – Keeping your community clean lowers the risk of diseases. It prevents pests and rodent infestations. It improves your overall health, quality of life and well-being. Reduces Pollution and waste (air pollution, water pollution). A good way to promote environmental awareness is by hosting regular community clean up events. Encourage community members to volunteer for environmental projects, such as starting a community garden. Use social media platforms to share environmental content throughout the year,