GR7 Written Report PDF, Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Republic of the Philippines POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES QUEZON CITY CAMPUS WEB - BASED PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY Presented to: PHILIP SJ. SOBERANO Faculty Group No. 7 Reyes, Tia Terr...

Republic of the Philippines POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES QUEZON CITY CAMPUS WEB - BASED PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY Presented to: PHILIP SJ. SOBERANO Faculty Group No. 7 Reyes, Tia Terrys H. Riño, Joan Salamanque, Jeanelle C. Santos, Chrystel Jae L. Santos, Lance Iñigo V. Sartin, Princess Nicole B. Savilla, Katherine Anne C. BPA-FA 2-1 SEPTEMBER 2024  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Table of Contents Introduction....................................................................................................................... 3 Web-Based Participatory Approaches.............................................................................. 4 Challenges in Web-Based Participatory Approaches....................................................... 7 References....................................................................................................................... 9 Curriculum Vitae..............................................................................................................11 Group Member’s Evaluation........................................................................................... 17 2  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Introduction This report presents an intriguing exploration of “Web-Based Participatory Democracy.” This area examines the role of modern information and communication technologies (ICT) in enhancing democratic participation and citizen engagement. The essence of web-based participatory democracy lies in leveraging digital platforms to foster more inclusive and transparent decision-making. As sociologist Manuel Castells aptly said, “The Internet is not merely a technology; it embodies a cultural shift that redefines our societal structures and thought processes.” This insight highlights the pivotal role of ICT in making governance more democratic. By the conclusion of our discussion, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of how web-based participatory democracy can make public administration more accessible, transparent, and inclusive. Let us embark on this enlightening journey together, exploring how knowledge management, ICT, and participatory democracy intersect and uncovering ways to utilize these tools for fostering a more just and engaged society. 3  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Chapter 12: Web-Based Participatory Democracy Learning Objectives: 1. Define the participatory democracy 2. Learn the different web-based participatory approaches 3. Understand the importance of web-based participatory approaches in ICT as a democratic tool in knowledge management Participatory democracy is a form of government in which citizens can participate directly in political decisions and policies that affect their lives rather than solely relying on elected officials (Chadwick, 2018). This model combines elements of both direct and representative democracy, allowing for greater public involvement in decision-making processes. The goal is to ensure that the interests and needs of the public are considered in political decisions, promising a more inclusive and responsive governance system. Referendums and barangay assemblies are some examples of participatory democracy. These are regular meetings where residents can discuss and decide on local issues. This grassroots approach allows community members to participate directly in governance and decision-making. Web-based participatory democracy uses digital platforms and tools to engage citizens in democratic processes. It is often referred to as e-democracy or digital democracy. Its approaches refer to methods that leverage digital platforms to engage individuals in creating, sharing, and collaborating on content or decisions. This concept is rooted in participatory culture, where users are not just passive consumers but active contributors. Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that true democracy hinges on the concept of the “general will,” which he argued could only be realized through the direct and active involvement of the people. He envisioned a society where citizens actively participate in decision-making, prioritizing the community’s collective interests over individual desires. In today’s context, web-based participatory approaches in ICT can be seen as modern tools that align with Rousseau’s vision. They enable broader citizen involvement and help express the general will more effectively. 4  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION WEB-BASED PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES 1. Web 2.0 Technologies ❖ Web 2.0 is the second generation of the Internet, characterized by its focus on user-generated content, usability, and participatory culture. Unlike Web 1.0, which was dominated by static websites, Web 2.0 emphasizes dynamic content and social interaction. Platforms like Facebook and other social media have been instrumental in engaging citizens. These tools allow for real-time interaction and feedback, making them practical for fostering civic participation. ❖ According to a video posted on September 19th, Mayor Along Malapitan responded to his citizens' queries and questions concerning the class suspension via the digital network Facebook. This activity promotes democratic expression and good knowledge management by sharing information with the public. https://web.facebook.com/reel/1116959046692269 2. E-Government Services ❖ E-Government services, or electronic government services, refer to the use of digital technologies by government agencies to provide information and services to citizens, businesses, and other government entities. The Philippine government has been pushing to improve its e-government services, which include online portals for public services and information dissemination. These platforms aim to make government processes more transparent and accessible. ❖ The Philippine Statistics Authority's websites provide services and information to the public, such as information on current and previous censuses and surveys, including methodology and results. This government agency's services enhance knowledge management by providing transparent information and data available to the public. 3. Participatory Mapping ❖ Technologies like GIS (Geographic Information System) enable communities to map local resources, hazards, and other essential features. This is often called “geoparticipation” and helps in urban planning and environmental management. ❖ GeoportalPH is one example of participatory mapping. The digital platform is managed by the Philippines' National Mapping and Resource 5  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Information Authority (NAMRIA). Citizens can gather information regarding heavy traffic and rain. GeoportalPh could strengthen knowledge management by offering free access to its website, which provides beneficial information for everyone. 4. Development LIVE (DevLIVE) ❖ DevLIVE is a civic technology platform developed by the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) in the Philippines in partnership with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). This initiative aims to enhance citizen participation in local governance. DevLIVE allows citizens to report issues, provide feedback, and participate in local decision-making processes. 5. E-Voting and Polling ❖ These tools allow citizens to vote on issues or participate in surveys and polls, providing a direct way to express their opinions and preferences. They are usually used for barangay-based initiatives. ❖ According to the Philippine Daily Inquirer, the Comelec declared in May last year that it has "approved" online voting for the 2025 national and local elections in order to encourage overseas Filipinos to register and vote. Given the consistently low turnout in overseas absentee voting in previous elections, as well as the chaotic process seen in the 2022 national polls, it is a no-brainer for the Commission on Elections (Comelec) to finally push online voting to make it easier for Filipinos all over the world to exercise their right to suffrage. Using e-voting can improve the efficiency, transparency, and data-driven management of elections, boosting COMELEC's knowledge management skills. 6. Crowdsourcing Platforms ❖ Websites and apps that gather ideas and solutions from a large group of people. It can be used for policy-making, urban planning, and other community projects. ❖ One example of a crowdsourcing platform is sumbong.ph, a mobile app that allows users to submit concerns directly to local government units. Sumbong.ph collects real-time data on a variety of public concerns by allowing users to submit them directly through the app. The data may be used to discover systems, prioritize problems, and better allocate resources. This participation has the potential to create a more educated and empowered public, which is necessary for effective knowledge management. 6  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 7. Participatory Budgeting ❖ It is a web-based participatory democracy process that allows citizens to influence public fund allocation directly. It typically involves citizens submitting project proposals online, which are then reviewed and refined by public officials and experts. The refined proposals are then put to a public vote, often conducted online, where citizens select the projects they want to be funded. The government implements the winning projects and shares progress updates online to ensure transparency. ❖ One example is the civil society group known as G-Watch, which analyzes government performance and encourages accountability and transparency. They have participated in participatory budgeting efforts and offer information and resources on their website. G-Watch was created to assess government performance and guarantee that public funds are used properly and efficiently. Through this, G-Watch may significantly enhance its knowledge management processes, resulting in more effective monitoring, assessment, and advocacy activities. CHALLENGES IN WEB-BASED PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES Here are some challenges that web-based participatory approaches face; 1. Digital Divide ❖ A significant portion of the population is unable to access reliable digital devices and the Internet, restricting their capacity to engage in online democratic processes. There is a noticeable digital gap, particularly among lower-class and rural populations (Siar, 2005). 2. Digital Literacy ❖ Even among those with internet access, varying levels of digital literacy can hinder effective participation. Many citizens may not have the necessary skills to engage with digital platforms meaningfully. ❖ According to the research conducted by Central Luzon State University, which focused on the digital literacy and competence of selected Filipino teachers, the digital literacy levels of teachers, and the factors influencing their digital competence, especially in the context of post-pandemic pedagogy. The study revealed that teachers with less than ten years of experience generally had higher levels of digital literacy. Factors such as pre-service education, access to ICT resources, and a positive attitude towards using ICT were strongly associated with higher digital literacy and competence. These findings highlight the importance of continuous 7  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION professional development and access to digital tools in enhancing teachers’ digital skills. 3. Privacy and Security Concerns ❖ Ensuring the privacy and security of participants’ data is crucial. Concerns about data breaches and misuse of personal information can deter citizens from engaging in web-based participatory platforms. To conclude, web-based participatory approaches in ICT are essential in enhancing democratic processes and knowledge management in public administration. By leveraging digital tools, governments and organizations can crowdsource ideas, gather feedback, and involve diverse communities in policy formulation and implementation. It democratizes knowledge creation and ensures that decisions are inclusive and reflect the collective will. Additionally, web-based participatory platforms facilitate the efficient dissemination and management of information, making it easier to access, share, and utilize knowledge across various stakeholders. This collaborative environment helps bridge the gap between citizens and policymakers, promoting a more informed and empowered society. Online meetings, web applications, online forums, and electronic polls are examples of e-participation tools that enhance democratic practices by guaranteeing a more comprehensive range of flexible citizen participation. These platforms increase accountability, openness, and information integrity while increasing access to democratic processes. However, this course still needs to address issues such as misinformation, digital disparities, privacy concerns, and integration into current political frameworks. 8  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION References About participatory democracy. (2023, October 7). Participatory Democracy. https://www.coe.int/en/web/participatory-democracy/about-participatory-democra cy Aceron, J., Accountability Research Center, & G-Watch. (2019). Pitfalls of Aiming to Empower the Bottom from the Top: The Case of Philippine Participatory Budgeting. In Accountability Working Paper (Report No. 4). https://accountabilityresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/WorkingPaper-4- Philippines-Bottom-Up-Budgeting-web-May-9-2019.pdf Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2017). Collaborative Platforms as a Governance Strategy. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 28(1), 16–32. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mux030 Balangay: resource manaual for Barangay Governance | Participatory Methods. (n.d.). https://www.participatorymethods.org/resource/balangay-resource-manaual-bara ngay-governance Beyond good governance: participatory democracy in the Philippines | Participatory Methods. (n.d.). https://www.participatorymethods.org/resource/beyond-good-governance-particip atory-democracy-philippines Boerop, J. B. (1999). PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY: THEORY AND MODELS. https://unbscholar.dspace.lib.unb.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/9136bfa2-ad34-4 a0d-8ae8-84da64ebc601/content Chadwick, G. (2018, September 6). A Small Medium at Large. Douglas County Herald. https://www.douglascountyherald.com/2018/09/06/a-small-medium-at-large-galen -chadwick-3/ E-governance at the Local Government Level in the Philippines: An Assessment of City Government Websites. (2005). In Philippine Journal of Development: Vol. XXXII (Issue 2, pp. 135–137). https://pidswebs.pids.gov.ph/CDN/PUBLICATIONS/pidspjd05-2egovernance.pdf 9  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Face of Digital Divide - The Urban Poor Situation in the Philippines during the Covid-19 pandemic. (2021, September 23). Philippine Digital Justice Initiative. https://digitaljustice.cp-union.com/publications/2021/09/23/Thematic-Case-Study- Face-of-Digital-Divide-Urban-Poor-Situation-in-Philippines Facebook. (n.d.). https://web.facebook.com/reel/1116959046692269 GoodParty.org. (2023, July 24). Civic Tech: Empowering Communities for Positive Change. GoodParty.org. https://goodparty.org/blog/article/civic-tech GP. (n.d.). https://www.geoportal.gov.ph/ Home | Philippine Statistics Authority | Republic of the Philippines. (2024, September 20). https://psa.gov.ph/ Inquirer, P. D. (2024, April 13). Online voting, finally. INQUIRER.net. https://opinion.inquirer.net/172915/online-voting-finally Kenton, W. (2024, August 8). What Is Web 2.0? Definition, Impact, and Examples. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/web-20.asp Medina-Guce, C. (2019). Development LIVE (DevLIVE): Toward a Citizen Participation-Focused Civic Technology for Local Governance in the Philippines. Ateneo. https://www.academia.edu/41055066/Development_LIVE_DevLIVE_Toward_a_C itizen_Participation_Focused_Civic_Technology_for_Local_Governance_in_the_ Philippines Philippine Normal University. (2023). Technology in education: a case study on the Philippines. UNESCO Digital Library. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/search/N-EXPLORE-12db7c5a-bd9e-404a-a5be-67e b9a86a467 Sgueo, G. (2014, August 26). Web Based Participatory Democracy - Findings from Italy. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2487316 Third Anne Peralta-Malonzo, & Third Anne Peralta-Malonzo. (2021, May 17). PNP launches improved E-Sumbong system. SunStar Publishing Inc. https://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/philippine-national-police-launche s-improved-e-sumbong-system 10 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION CURRICULUM VITAE 11 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 12 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 13 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 14 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 15 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 16 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 17  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION GROUP MEMBER’S EVALUATION LEADER MEMBERS GR#7 SAVILLA, REYES, RIÑO, SALAMANQUE, SANTOS, SANTOS, SARTIN, KATHERINE JOAN JEANELLE C. TIA CHRYSTEL LANCE PRINESS ANNE C. TERRYS JAE L. IÑIGO V. NICOLE H. B. CRITERIA WEIGHT SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE SCORE TIMELINESS 5% 5 5 5 0 3 5 Submitted the assigned work before or on the deadline CHARACTER 10% 10 10 10 10 10 10 Demonstrated positive attitude towards the team like listening to the group mates and open suggestions and opinions CONTRIBUTIO 20% 20 20 20 20 20 20 N Presented, communicated, and contributed ideas on the group's brainstorming Did the assigned part with excellence and had relevant content to the topic ACCURACY OF 30% 30 30 30 30 30 30 THE CONTENT Created the content of the assigned part accurately connected and relevant to the topic EXECUTION 35% 35 35 35 35 35 35 Performed the assigned task excellently and showed enough knowledge Showed clarity and used effective presentation skills 18  KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN ICT FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Organize the mood of the class participative TOTAL 100 100 100 100 95 97 100 Remarks: Chrystel Santos has passed the assigned works far over the deadline. Lance Santos passes assigned work late. 19