The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) PDF

The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) Overview Peace and love gives way to the “me” decade Synthesizers go mainstream The Fender Rhodes dominates Monterey Pop > Woodstock Conce...

The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) Overview Peace and love gives way to the “me” decade Synthesizers go mainstream The Fender Rhodes dominates Monterey Pop > Woodstock Concept album rule - the birth of AOR (album oriented rock) Transistor amplification The rise of FM radio New genres emerge (metal, electronic, disco, punk, hip-hop, reggae) 16 tracks and beyond! Minimoog TECHNOLOGY Released in 1970 Robert (Bob) Moog Update of the Moog modular design Monophonic The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 1  Analog synthesis Portable Instant classic ARP Instruments TECHNOLOGY 1969 - Alan R. Pearlman founds ARP Instruments 1970 - ARP 2500 released Main competition for Moog Uses switching matrix instead of patch cables Monophonic ARP 2600 TECHNOLOGY Released right after the 2500 Portable versions Meant for educational use Monophonic Very popular with musicians and sound designers Used for droid sounds in Star Wars Led Zeppelin ARTIST Founded in 1968 in London Heavy blues-based guitar riffs Atlantic Records “Led Zeppelin I and II” (1969) The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 2  https://open.spotify.com/album/3ycjBixZf7S3WpC5WZhhUK?si=niB5fGt 8StGTOiANvLcJ_w https://open.spotify.com/album/70lQYZtypdCALtFVlQAcvx?si=Usy51tG eTKCctPErBoh0jQ “Led Zeppelin III” (1970) https://open.spotify.com/album/6P5QHz4XtxOmS5EuiGIPut?si=wx_I32z GTzSyQ7wSJxn-6Q “Led Zeppelin IV” (1971) https://open.spotify.com/album/5EyIDBAqhnlkAHqvPRwdbX?si=zJ2EiB XGQK-rMY4fBQ7Wkg The preeminent rock band of the 1970s Robert Plant - vocals Jimmy Page - guitar John Paul Jones - bass/keys John Bonham - drums Glyn Johns PRODUCER One of the great rock engineers of the 60’s and 70’s Has a famous stereo drum-micing technique The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 3  Has worked with: Led Zeppelin The Rolling Stones The Who The Eagles Eric Clapton The Clash Rod Stewart API TECHNOLOGY Formed in 1969 by Lou Lindauer and Saul Walker Automated Processes Incorporated First API consoles (1969) 500 series EQ - first modular design (1969) 550A EQ (1971) Fender Rhodes TECHNOLOGY Designed by Harold Rhodes Suitcase Model released in 1965 (after Fender is sold to CBS) Stage Model released in 1970 Portable piano for wounded soldiers Bell-like sound Most popular electric keyboard sound of all-time Endlessly copied and emulated The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 4  Becomes the sound of the 1970’s Neve 1073 TECHNOLOGY Designed by Rupert Neve For Wessex Studios, London Released 1970 Most universally acclaimed preamp of all time Transistor amplification Has very pleasing saturation character when driven Many different versions and copies over the years 80 Series Neve consoles dominate the 1970’s 8048, 8058 and 8068 Plugin emulations Waves UAD Black Sabbath - “Paranoid” RELEASE https://open.spotify.com/album/6r7LZXAVueS5DqdrvXJJK7?si=1zyre6efQZ 6z1PWcUHvrPw Released in 1970 2nd album from Black Sabbath Panned by critics Huge commercial success The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 5  Inspired the next generation of heavy music Heavy guitar riffs Dark subject matter, the occult Invents Heavy Metal Album was originally intended to be called “War Pigs” Paranoid was a last minute hit, prompting name change AKG C414 TECHNOLOGY Released 1971 AKG’s answer to the U87 Very flat response Transistors instead of tubes Many revisions over the years 5 pick up patterns Omni Cardioid Wide Cardioid Hyper Cardioid Figure 8 Origins of Funk MOMENT James Brown ARTIST The Godfather of Soul The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 6  From Mr. Dynamite to Soul Brother #1 Gospel → R&B → Funk → Jail Most sampled artist of all-time? “Cold Sweat” (1967) https://open.spotify.com/track/5R1OrIp58SRUTkRUeIjghA?si=897728a6 06ef4dec Transitional moment Pseudo birth of the drum break Clyde Stubblefield: the funky drummer Sly and the Family Stone ARTIST “Stand!” (1969) https://open.spotify.com/album/7iwS1r6JHYJe9xpPjzmWqD?si=5bUQEs IzQv2wLid6UXuiTw “There’s A Riot Goin’ On” (1971) https://open.spotify.com/album/29f2cOueckYE8Nc1pkJjrU?si=rOXbObF gTYOa0tjPTI-Dew The Meters ARTIST The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 7  New Orleans funk “Look-Ka Py Py” (1969) https://open.spotify.com/album/6mGpQtwteyjKS4Up9tXuND?si=Nfvn8 OFjT8O1H8SOk-ZbzQ “The Meters” (1969) https://open.spotify.com/album/1Nt14TE6bKZGzJrROip36y?si=on_L1iYc QJuCTNh6qTPDVQ Parliament/Funkadelic ARTIST The projects of George Clinton “Funkadelic” (1970) https://open.spotify.com/album/2muElcL0DcIPj12CsCUzhf?si=G_uQtuz FReC_v51JMb4n5A Sennheiser 441 TECHNOLOGY Released 1971 Dynamic mic Super cardioid pickup pattern 5 position HPF Excellent off axis rejection The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 8  Great on live vocals, snare drum and guitar amps Marvin Gaye - “What’s Going On” RELEASE https://open.spotify.com/album/2v6ANhWhZBUKkg6pJJBs3B?si=keVYV96 xSFWAhjpv9zrLdw Released 1971 on Tamla Records (Motown) Marvin Gaye’s masterpiece Almost not released Berry Gordy Jr. wants hits, not a departure from the formula Last minute mixing Strong anti-war messages Pro-environment Intro sax on title track was a one-take warm up Earned Marvin his creative freedom Marvin was almost a professional athlete Intro of “What’s Going On” was the Detroit Lions George Massenburg PRODUCER Submitted a paper at AES in 1972 titled “Parametric Equalization” Essentially the inventor of the parametric EQ Considered one of the greatest engineers of all-time Earth, Wind and Fire The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 9  GMI 8200 EQ - one of the most transparent and surgical EQ’s of all time Taught at McGill in Montreal for many years Married to Cookie Rankin of The Rankin Family Has engineered for: Earth, Wind & Fire James Taylor Billy Joel Toto Journey Little Feat Weather Report Randy Newman Linda Ronstadt Contributed to plugin Superior Drummer Stevie Wonder ARTIST Motown child prodigy Given creative freedom in 1971 “Talking Book” (1972) https://open.spotify.com/album/3PResMqFgQYBfzTnqTKwQw?si=SkjO G0oiSeCfdei_Zy7QlQ “Innervisions” (1973) The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 10  https://open.spotify.com/album/5jgI8Eminx9MmLBontDWq8?si=RnM-Z CJNTmaKuuPaTlirqg Writes and co-produces everything Plays almost every instrument Talkbox TECHNOLOGY First mass produced in 1969 Bob Heil creates a higher-powered popular version of the Talkbox in the early 70’s FX pedal that contains a speaker feeding sound into a plastic tube Tube goes in your mouth Your mouth is a filter! The Hohner Clavinet D6 TECHNOLOGY Invented by Ernst Zacharias Produced starting in 1964 by the Hohner company in Germany Electro-mechanical instrument Hammers strike strings Pickups transduce vibrations to electrical signal Made to be an electric clavichord/harpsichord for classical music use Started being used in pop music in the late 60’s Made famous by The Band on “Up on Cripple Creek” and Stevie Wonder’s “Superstition” The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 11  https://open.spotify.com/track/7aTCCNpHJD2Jgv0LLVJb8Y?si=8e2950 a5c17f4296 https://open.spotify.com/track/4N0TP4Rmj6QQezWV88ARNJ?si=faf3b 062a8054bd7 Technics Turntables TECHNOLOGY SP-10 - First direct drive turntable (1970) SL-1100 - Second direct drive turntable with integrated tonearm SL-1200 - Becomes standard with DJs and clubs (1972) Pitch adjust added Improved rotation speed regulation Shock absorption Many additional versions over the years, all updates on the 1972 SL-1200 model Canadian Songwriters COMPOSER Joni Mitchell “Clouds” (1969) https://open.spotify.com/album/03iFLgmgkLT7X5gnXVPID5?si=t93r TbypTWO6i3RUKD5GaA The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 12  “Ladies of the Canyon” (1970) https://open.spotify.com/album/7JOdtLDLyXJIppDRB7kxr9?si=tdEq YRYVSPide6PusfNI_A “Blue” (1971) https://open.spotify.com/album/1vz94WpXDVYIEGja8cjFNa?si=SnKr 3pF_Q0-7_LN45c2Keg The Band “Music from the Big Pink” (1968) https://open.spotify.com/album/0ky5kdvfPxSmSpj03hpSAE?si=bjaK gftoQeeSpXxqQcJ39Q “The Band” (1969) https://open.spotify.com/album/4vXFiaDS8zuEl5bOUbW53x?si=Ekp ZX8saQvyQvHJHoqZYfg Neil Young “Everybody Knows This is Nowhere” (1969) https://open.spotify.com/album/70Yl2w1p00whfnC7fj94ox?si=WjpA psYLRB6g0maEWl1iDQ The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 13  “After the Gold Rush” (1969) https://open.spotify.com/album/5EVlXlHbRQI8ybuNt4ArXI?si=jI9Xa- GaRM-kLUsmEsmczw “Harvest” (1970) https://open.spotify.com/album/2l3QxNo4QubBNmVKxLeum0?si=Q n0tp1MRTmOTTITlS0njhA Leonard Cohen “Songs of Leonard Cohen” (1967) https://open.spotify.com/album/2Aiv0ThDpFa7lqHphR6MN5?si=57x IpQc3QdOcIDuyudideA “Songs from a Room” (1968) https://open.spotify.com/album/2pTyJZOTqFYn2UPP30zZNl?si=YpB TnhGbSHGd9BteBj7F7A Proto-Punk STYLE Late 60’s and early 70’s garage rock sets the stage for punk rock of the later 70’s Important groups The Stooges (Iggy Pop) The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 14  “I Wanna Be Your Dog” (1969) https://open.spotify.com/track/672N8DGGTOLCOgWe0koX5g?s i=d4319923dce54103 The Velvet Underground Lou Reed & John Cale Noise rock - “White Light/White Heat” (1968) https://open.spotify.com/album/0HHmJpwOXXRJu9HI9iQiEO?si =7alBXRhgQPWPUH8po1c4rw Use of drones Art music Managed by Andy Warhol The MC5 The New York Dolls Pink Floyd ARTIST Formed 1965, London, UK One of the best-selling bands of all-time Known for sonic and structural experimentation Took the idea of the concept album to the next level Invented Progressive Rock? Expanded the sonic palette of rock music The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 15  Lead singers: Syd Barrett Roger Waters David Gilmour (also lead guitar) Classic albums: “The Dark Side of the Moon” (1973) “Wish You Were Here” (1975) https://open.spotify.com/album/0bCAjiUamIFqKJsekOYuRw?si=LD W9AuOHTAelglS9djJXRg “Animals” (1977) https://open.spotify.com/album/3b4E89rxzZQ9zkhgKpj8N4?si=T90 AuRsSTHOLYVclHM3b0Q “The Wall” (1979) https://open.spotify.com/album/5Dbax7G8SWrP9xyzkOvy2F?si=kS 0vdhoHRGWst8l8ozv5lw Pink Floyd - “The Dark Side of the Moon” RELEASE The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 16  https://open.spotify.com/album/4LH4d3cOWNNsVw41Gqt2kv?si=-bZT_mh uSpCP8Wu2AbE1jA Released 1973 8th album for Pink Floyd Massive commercial success Hugely influential Experimental sounds and structures Recorded at Abbey Road Other Notable Artists from 1970-1973 Creedence Clearwater Revival (CCR) Eric Clapton The Who ABBA Harry Nilsson The Jackson 5 BB King The Doors The Rolling Stones Crosby, Stills & Nash Miles Davis John Coltrane Al Green Santana The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 17  Previous Next Social Revolution & Rock n’ Roll: The Golden Age of Tape: Part II Part II (1964-1969) (1974-1979) The Golden Age of Tape: Part I (1970-1973) 18