Scope of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing PDF

Scope of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing  Outlines q Definition q Goal of Critical Care Nursing q Scope of Critical Care Nursing practice q Scope of Emergency Nursing q Definition q Principles of Emergency Nursing  Prepared by Sahar Ahmed Ali sayed...

Scope of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing  Outlines q Definition q Goal of Critical Care Nursing q Scope of Critical Care Nursing practice q Scope of Emergency Nursing q Definition q Principles of Emergency Nursing  Prepared by Sahar Ahmed Ali sayed Lecturer of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing  Definition Critical care nursing : is the delivery of specialized care to critically ill patients who have life-threatening illnesses or injuries, have complex needs, and require intensive nursing care. The American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN) defines acute and critical care nursing as the specialty that manages human responses to actual or potential life-threatening problems.  Goal of Critical Care Nursing - Restore, and maintain the physiologic and psychosocial stability of patients. - Prioritize information in order to take immediate patient- focused action. - Respond with confidence and adapt to rapidly changing patient conditions.  Goal of Critical Care Nursing -Respond to the unique needs of patients and families coping with unanticipated treatment as well as quality-of-life and end-of-life decisions. - Establish and maintain safe, respectful, healing, and caring environments. - Use health care interventions designed to restore, rehabilitate, cure, maintain, or palliate for patients of all ages across the life span. Scope of Critical Care Nursing practice The scope of critical care nursing practice is described as a : dynamic process with three components A. The critically ill patients and their significant social. relationship. B. The critical care nurse C. The environment where critical care nursing is practiced A. Critically ill patients  Definition A. Critically ill patients : are those at high risk of actual or potential lifethreatening health problems. The needs of these patients require continuous assessment and intervention to restore health and prevent complications.  The needs of the critically ill 1-Physicalneeds:- ▪ Basic physiological or biological needs for air, nutrition, and elimination. 2- Non-physical needs:- ▪ May include social, and psychological needs. Social integrity (selfesteem), information, and communications are also included. ▪ The comfort and support provided by social relationships. B. A critical care nurse  Definition B. A critical care nurse : is a licensed professional nurse who is responsible for ensuring that acutely and critically ill patients and their families receive optimal care.  :Role of critical care nurse Critical care nurses fill many roles in the critical care setting, such as ✔ Staff nurses ✔ Nurse-educators ✔ Nurse-managers ✔ Case managers ✔ Clinical nurse specialists ✔ Nurse practitioners ✔ Nurse researchers. C. Critical care unit  Definition C. Critical care unit : is a specially designed and equipped facility staffed by skilled personnel to provide effective and safe care for dependent patients with a life threatening problem. Scope of Emergency Nursing  Definition Emergency Nursing: is a specialty of nursing focusing on the care of patients with medical emergency who require prompt medical attention to avoid long term disability or death. Emergency patient: Patient with serious problems and needs immediately or timely nursing and medical intervention. Principles of Emergency :Nursing  Guiding principles for. 1 emergency care Quick assessment of the casualty and situation to institute life saving measures. Keep casualty in dorsal position and cover his/her body with whatever cloth is available to prevent heat loss. Avoid unnecessary handling except to remove the victim from additional danger. Give first aid to the injured part. Observed and keep a medical record of the casualty’s initial  Guiding principles for. 1 emergency care Reassurance should be given to the victim and relatives that he/she is in safe hands. Prevent people crowding near the victim; allow fresh air to circulate around the victim. Do not give water to drink to the victims with abdominal injuries may requiring immediate surgery.  Guiding principles for. 1 emergency care Make arrangements for safe transportation to hospital after first aid. In few emergencies like unconsciousness, uncontrollable bleeding, respiratory difficulties etc., require coordinated efforts for speedy transportation for medical facilities with simultaneous lifesaving appropriate care is important.  Principles of emergency management Maintain patent airway & provide adequate ventilation employing.resuscitation measures when necessary. Control hemorrhage & its consequences. Evaluate and restore cardiac output. Prevent and treat shock, maintain or restore effective circulation. Carry out a rapid initial and ongoing physical examination  Principles of emergency management Assess the patient consciousness, whether the patient can follow commands or not,.evaluate the size & reactivity of pupils. Start ECG monitoring if appropriate Apply Splint of suspected fractures sites including cervical spines in patients with.head injuries. Protect wounds with sterile dressings Start a flow sheet of patient’s vital sign, neurological state, to guide in decision-.making Qualities of Emergency Nurse  Qualities of Emergency Nurse.Observation and assessment skills ∙.Quick decision making skills ∙.Patient care skills in emergency situations ∙.Emotional stability ∙ Self-confidence with ability to lead and control the patients as well ∙.as attendants.Recording and reporting skills ∙